Single Correct Answer Type

Mathematics Functions
Functions
Single Correct Answer Type
1. Types of Functions
f : R  R, f  x   x x
1. is
1) one-one but not onto 2) onto but not one-one
3) Both one-one and onto 4) neither one-one nor onto
Key. 3
 x 2 if x  0

f  x   0 if x  0
 x 2 if x  0
Sol. Give that 
  
f : 0, 3    0,  loge2 
 defined by f  x   log e x  1  tan x then f  x  is
2 1
2. Let  3
A) one – one and onto B) one – one but not onto
C) onto but not one – one D) neither one – one nor onto
Key. A
x 1
f ' x   f  x  is increa sin g in 0, 3 
Sol. x2  1
f  n   n   1
n
3. If f : N  N is defined by , then
(A) f is one-one but not onto (B) f is both one-one and onto
(C) f is neither one-one nor onto (D) f is onto but not one-one
Key. B
Sol. This function f maps
1  2, 2  1
3  4, 4  3
5  6, 6  5
i.e., 2m  1  2 m and 2m  2m  1
So f is one-one and onto.
f  x   u , f  y   v, f  z   w
4. Given A={x,y,z}, B={u,v,w}, the function f : A  B defined by is
1) Surjective 2) bijective 3) injective 4) all of the above
Key. 4
Sol. Conceptual
2. Domain & Range
sin  cos x 
6. The domain of
    
 2n , 2n  2  , n  I  2n  2 , 2n    , n  I
1) 2)
1
 3    
 2n   , 2n  2  , n  I  2n  2 , 2n  2  , n  I
3) 4)
Key. 4
sin  cos x   0
Sol. F(x) is defined when
cos x  sin 1 0  cos x  0
X lies on I and IV quadrant
 
2n   x  2n  , n  I
2 2
  x2  
f  x   sin 1  log 2   
7. The domain of the function   2   is
1)
 2, 2  2,  1
2)
 1, 2
3) 4)
 2,  1  1, 2
Key. 4
Sol.
  x2    x2  1 x2
f  x   sin 1  log 2     R  1  log 2    1    2  1  x 2  4  x   2,  1  1, 2 
 2
  2
  2 2
8. The domain of definition of the function, f(x) given by the equation 2 x + 2y = 2 is
(A) 0 < x  1 (B) 0  x  1 (C)   x  0 (D)   x  1
Key. D
Sol. It is given that 2 x + 2y = 2x, y  R
Therefore, 2x = 2 – 2y < 2  0 < 2x < 2

Taking log for both side with base 2.
 log 2 0  log 2 2  log 2 2

x
Hence domain is   x  1 .
1 1
f  x   sin 1 x 
9. The domain of the function x x  2 is
1)
 1,1 \  0 2)
 1,1  1,0 
3) 4) 
Key. 4
Sol. x  0,  1  x  1, x  2  0
sin  x    tan  x  
f  x 
1   x
2
10. If f : R  R is defined by , then the range of f= (where [x] denotes

integral part of x)
1)
 1,1 2)
 1,1 3)
 1 4)
 0
Key. 4
Sol.
 x   n  Z  sin  x    tan  x    0
2
3
f  x 
11. The range of 5  4sin 3 x is
1  1 
 ,3  ,1
1)  3  2)  3 
 1
 1,3  ,   3,  
3) 4)  3
Key. 1
Sol. 1  sin 3 x  1

2 be defined by f  x   Tan  x  x  a  . Then the set of values of a for which f is
f : R  [0. ) 1 2
12. Let
onto is
1 1 1 1 
[ , ) [ , ( , ]  
1) [0, ) 2) 4 3) 4 4 4)  4 
Key. 4
Sol. x 2  x  a  0 has a real solution
 1  4a  0
The range of x  4 y  9 z  6 yz  3 xz  2 xy is
2 2 2
13.
1)  2) R 3) [0, ) 4)
 , 0 
Key. 3
x 2  4 y 2  9 z 2  6 yz  3 xz  2 xy   x    2 y    3z    2 y   3z    x   3z    x   2 y   0
2 2 2
Sol.
 Range = [0, ) .
x2  x  1
The range of x  x  1 is
2
14.
1  1 
 ,3  ,1
1)  3  2)  3 
1
 1,3 ( , ] [3, )
3) 4) 3
Key. 1
x2  x  1
y 2  yx 2  yx  y  x 2  x  1   y  1 x 2   y  1 x   y  1  0
Sol. Let x  2x  7
 0   y  1  4  y  1  0  3 y 2  10 y  3  0
2 2
xR  Discriminant
1
 3 y 2  10 y  3  0   3 y  1  y  3  0   y3
3
1 
 ,3
Range =  3 
x2  x5
15. The range of is
1) [2, ) 2) [3, ) 3) [4, ) 4) [5,  )
Key. 2
3
f  x  x  2  x  5
Sol. and domain f=R
f  x   2  x  5  x  7  2 x  3;
For x<2,
f  x   x  2  5  x  3;
For 2<x<5,
f  x   x  2  x  5  2 x  7  3;
For x>5,
Range f  [3, )
f  x  7  x Px 3
16. The range of the function is
1)
 1, 2,3 2)
 1, 2,3, 4,5 3)  1, 2,3, 4 4)
 1, 2,3, 4,5, 6
Key. 1
Sol. f(x) is defined  x  3  0, x  3  7  x  x  3, 2 x  10  3  x  5  x  3 or 4 or 5
Range =
 f  3 , f  4  , f  5     4
P0 ,3 P1 ,2 P2    1, 3, 2
1 1
17. The range of sin x  cos x is
 3    5    3   
 2 , 2   2 , 3   2 ,   0, 2 
1) 2) 3) 4)
Key. 1
 
sin 1 x  cos 1 x   cos 1 x  cos 1 x   2 cos 1 x
Sol. 2 2
3  
0  cos 1 x    0  2 cos 1 x  2  2  2 cos 1 x  0    2 cos 1 x 
2 2 2
 3  
 , 
 Range =  2 2 
2 x
f  x  ,x  2
18. The range of the function 2 x is
1) R 2) R-{-1} 3) R-{1} 4) R-{2}
Key. 2
2 x 2y  2 2x  2
y  2 y  yx  2  x  x  y  1  2 y  2  x   f 1  x  
Sol. 2 x y 1 x 1
 Range = f = Domain
f 1  R   1
3
f  x   log10  x 3  x 
19. The domain of 4 x 2
is
1) (1, 2)
 1, 0   1, 2 
2)
3)
 1, 0   2,   4)
 1, 0   1, 2   2,  
Key. 4
4
3
f  x   log10  x 3  x   4  x 2  0, x 3  x  0  x  2,  x  1 x  x  1  0
Sol. 4 x 2
is defined
 Domain =  1, 0   1, 2   2,  
2 x  2 x
20. The domain of x is
R   0
1) [-2, 2] 2) (-2, 2) 3) [2, 0) (0, 2] 4)
Key. 3
2 x  2 x
Sol. x is defined  2  x  0, x  x  0, x  0  x  2, x  2, x  0
 Domain = [2, 0) (0, 2]
1
 x 2
 x2 2 x 1 
4
f  x   9  27 3  219  3   
21. The domain of the function  
5 
 3,3  3,    2 ,    0,1
A) B) C) D)
Key. C
Sol. We must have
2
 x 2
 219  3 
2 x 1
9 x  27 3 0
3 x 2
3 
2 x 2
 219  32 x  2  0
32 x 32 x
 32 x  81
 219 
9
0
 1 1  2x
1    3  219
 81 9 
73 2 x
 3  219
81
32 x  3  81  35
2x  5
5
x
2
5 
,
 Domain is  2  .
f  x   10  x 4  21x 2
22. The domain of the function is
  21, 21 
(A) [5, ) (B)  
 5,  21    21,5    0
(C)     (D) (, 5]
Key. C
5
We must have x  21x  0 and 10  x  21x  0

4 2 4 2
Sol.
 x 2  x 2  21  0      1
and 100  x  21x

4 2
------- (2)
(1) gives x  0 or x   21 or x  21
(2)  x  21x  100  0
4 2
  x 2  25   x 2  4   0
 x 2  25  0 (as x 2  4  0 always)
 5  x  5
 5,  21    21,5
Domain is given by     and x  0 .
x 2  3x  4
f ( x) 
23. x 2  3x  4 then range of f ( x ) is
 1  1 1 
0, 7   ,  U  7,    , 7
1) 2)  7 3)  4)  7 
Key. 4
x 2  3x  4
y
Sol. x2  3x  4
yx 2  3xy  4 y  x 2  3x  4
x 2 ( y  1)  3 x( y  1)  4( y  1)  0
Dis 1  0  9( y  1)  4x4( y  1)  0
2 2
(3( y  1)  4( y  1)(3( y  1)4  4( y  1)  0

(  y  7)(7 y  1)  0 \
 1
( y  7)  y    0
 7
1
 y7
7
24. If 2 f (sin x)  f (cos x )  xx   then range of f ( x) is
     2    2      
 3 , 3   3 , 3   3 , 6   6 , 6 
1) 2) 3) 4)
Key. 2
1
Sol. Put x  sin x
2 f ( x)  f  
1  x 2  sin 1 x  (1)
x  cos 1 x
2f  
1  x 2  f ( x)  cos 1 x  (2)
(1) x (2)
 4 f ( x)  2 f  
1  x 2  2sin 1 x
6
f ( x)  2 f  
1  x 2  cos 1 x
3 f ( x)  2sin 1 x  cos 1 x
2 1 
f ( x )  sin 1 x    sin 1 x 
3 3 3 

 sin 1 x 
6
     4 2
f max    , f min     
2 6 3 2 6 6 3
 2   
 , 
 3 3 
25. f ( x)  Max{sin x, cos x} x   then Range of f ( x ) is.

 1   1 1 
 2 , 1  2, 2  1, 1
1)   2)   3) 4) 
Key. 1
Sol.
f ( x)  max{sin x, cos x}
 1 
  2 ,1
Required range =  
26.
1
The range of f ( x )  tan ( x  x  a )x   is a subset of
2
[0, 2 ) then range of a is
   
 ,    3,  1
1)  2)  2 2 3)   4)
[ 14 , )
Key. 4
7
1
Sol. tan ( x  x  a)  0  x  x  a  0
2 2
1
 disc  0  1  4a  0  a 
4
 a  [ 14 , )
1
f (x) 
27. The domain of the function x  [x] .
(A) N (B) (0, ) (C) R  {0,  1,  2,  3,...} (D) R – N

Key. C
Sol. Observe that when x is an integer x = [x]. Hence, f(x) is not defined when x is an integer. Domain is R
excluding 0,  1,  2 , …..
28. Domain of the function f(x) =

 
log 2 l og 4 log 2  log 3 (x 2  4x  23)   is
(A) (–8, 4) (B) (,  8)  (4, )
(C) (4, 8) (D) (,  4)  (8, )

Key. B
Sol. The given function is defined when
log 2 log 3 (x 2  4x  23)  1
i.e., when
log 3 (x 2  4x  23)  2
i.e., when x  4x  23  3
2 2
i.e., when x  4x  32  0
2
i.e., when x  8 or x > 4
29. Domain of the function

f (x)  5 | x |  x 2  6 is
(A) (, 2)  (3, ) (B) [3,  2]  [2, 3] (C) ( ,  2)  (2, 3) (D) R  {3,  2, 2, 3}
Key. B
5 x  x2  6  0  x 5 x 6  0
2
Sol.
when x < 0, x2 + 5x + 6  0, 3  x  2
when x  0, x  5x  6  0, 2  x  3
2
x = 0 will not satisfy the condition.
Domain is [ 3,  2]  [2, 3] .

2x  2 x
y x
30. Range of the function 2  2 x is
(A) R (B) (–1, 1) (C) [–1, 1] (D) (0, 1)
8
Key. B
Sol. 2x + 2–x is always > 0 i.e., domain is R
2 x  2 x 22x  1
x
 2x
y = 2 2 2 1
x
1  y 2.22x
 1 y = 2 (Componendo Dividendo)
2x
=2 >0
1 y (1  y)2
0
 1 y > 0 i.e., 1  y
2
 1 – y2 > 0  –1 < y < 1
x 3
f (x)  , x  3
x 3
(A) {3, –3} (B) R – {–3} (C) all positive integers (D) {–1, 1}
Key. D
Sol. f(x) = 1 when x + 3 > 0
f(x) = –1 when x + 3 < 0
Range = {–1, 1}
x x
f (x)  cos 2  sin , x  R
32. The range of the function 4 4 is
 5  5  5  5
0, 4  1, 4   1,   1, 4 
(A) (B) (C)  4 (D)
Key. D
 x 1 
2
1 
x x  x x    sin    1
1  sin  sin
2
 sin  sin   1
2

 4 2  4 
Sol. f(x) = 4 4 =  4 4  = 
2
5  x 1
  sin  
= 4  4 2
5
Maximum f(x) = 4
2
5  1 5 9
  1       1
Minimum f(x) = 4  2 4 4
 5
 1, 4 
Range of f(x) =
33. The domain of the function f(x) = loge(x2 + x + 1) + sin x  1 is
(A) (–2, 1) (B) (2, ) (C) [1, ) (D) None of these
9
Key. C
Sol. We must have x – 1  0.
Note that (x2 + x + 1) is always positive combining, the domain is [1, ) .

x  [x]
f (x)  , xR
34. Let 1  x  [x] , where [ ] denotes the greatest integer function. Then, the range of f is
 1  1
0,  0, 
(A) (0, 1) (B)  2  (C) [0, 1] (D)  2 
Key. B
Sol. The graph of y = x – [x] is as shown below
y
–3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4 x
When x is an integer, x – [x] = 0

Hence, f(x) = 0 when x is an integer
x  [x] as x tends to an integer.
x 
x  1, 
As 1 x 2
 1
0, 
Hence, the range of f(x) is  2  .
  
f (x)  [x]cos  
35. Let  [x  2]  where, [ ] denotes the greatest integer function. Then, the domain of f is
(A) x  R, x not an integer (B) ( ,  2)  [1, )
(C) x  R, x  2 (D) ( ,  1]

Key. B
Sol. [x  2]  0
[x] + 2  0
[x]  –2
x should not belong to [–2, –1)
Domain of f is (,  2)  [ 1, ) .
10
tan  [x 2  x]
f (x) 
36. Range of 1  sin(cos x) is (where [x] denotes the greatest integer function)
(A) (, ) ~ [0, tan1] (B) ( , ) ~ [tan 2, 0)
(C) [tan 2, tan1] (D) {0}

Key. D
tan  [x 2  x]
f (x) 
Sol. 1  sin(cos x) = {0} because of [x2 – x] is integer.
1
f (x)  x 2 
37. Range of the function x  1 , is
2
3 
 2 ,  
(A) [1, ) (B) [2, ) (C) (D) ( , )
Key. A
1
1
f(x) = x2 + 1 + x  1
2
Sol.
1
x2 + 1 + x  1
2
 2 [ AM  GM]
1
x2 + x  1 
2
1
 f (x)  [1, )
 x2  e 
f (x)  n  2 
 x 1 
38. If , then range of f(x) is
(A) (0, 1) (B) (0, 1] (C) [0, 1) (D) {0, 1}
Key. B
 x2  e   x2 11 e   e 1 
f (x)  n  2   n    n 1  2 
 x 1   x 1   x 1 
2
Sol.
Clearly range is (0, 1]
Hence (B) is correct answer.
39. The inverse of


f (x)  5   x  8  
5 3
is
(A) 5  (x  8) (B) 8  (5  x )
5 3 1/5
(C) 8  (5  x )
3 1/5
(D)
 5  (x  8) 
1/5 3
11
Key. B
Sol. Let y = f(x) =

 5  (x  8)  5 1/3
, then
y3 = 5  (x  8)  (x  8)  5  y
5 5 3
 x = 8 + (5  y )
3 1/5
Let, z = g(x)  8  (5  x )
3 1/5
f  g(x) 
1/3
5  (x  8)5 
Now, =
=
 5  (5  x 3 )1/5  
5 1/3
= (5  5  x )  x
3 1/3
g  f (x)   x
Similarly, we can show that .
Hence, g(x) = 8 +
 5 x  3 1/5
is the inverse of f(x).
f (x)  x  1  x  2  x  1  x  2
40. The range of the function where, x  [2, 2] is
(A) [6, 8] (B) [2, 4] (C) [0, 4] (D) {1, 2}
Key. A
f (x)  x  1  x  2  x  1  x  2
Sol.
when x  [2,  1]
f(x) = (x  1)  (x  2)  (x  1)  x  2 = –2x + 4
when x  [1, 1] , f(x) = (x  1)  (x  2)  x  1  x  2

= x  1  x  2  x  1  x  2  6
when x  [1, 2] , f(x) = (x  1)  (x  2)  x  1  x  2 = 2x + 4

Plotting the graph of the function, range of f(x) = [6, 8]
x2  x  2
f (x)  2
41. Range of the function x  x  1 ; x  R is
 11   7  7
 1,  1,  1, 
(A) (1, ) (B)  7  (C)  3  (D)  5 
Key. C
x 2  x  2 (x 2  x  1)  1 1
  1
x  x 1
2
x  x 1
2

2
1 3
x   
Sol. We have, f(x) =  2 4
We can see here that as x   , f(x)  1 which is the min value of f(x). Also f(x) is max when
2
 1 3 1 3
 x    
 2  4 is min which is so when x = 2 and then 4 .
12
1 7
1 
 fmax = 3/ 4 3
 7
1, 
 Rj =  3 
1
f (x)  log e
sin x  1
42. Domain of the function is
 
  0, 
(A) n  (1)  where n is any integer and
n
 2
  
n  ( 1) n , n  1, 2, 3, ....    0, 
(B) 2 (C) 2n   where  2  , n any integer
(2n  1)
(D) 2 , n any integer
Key. A
sin x  1 
Sol. 0 …(i)
sin x  1
|sin x – 1|  1
–1  sin x – 1  1
0  sin x  2 …(ii)
From (i) and (ii), sin x  [0, 1)
sin x  [0, 1)
sin x = 0  x = n

sin x = 1  x = n + (–1)n 2
 Domain of f(x) is
x = n (n any integer)
sin x  1
 
0, 
x  2
General solution is
x = n  (1) 
n
.
 
  0, 
where,  2.
0, 3 n 
If the range of f ( x )  2  x , 3  x  1 is 
3
43.  where n  N then n=
2
x 3
, 1  x  2
13
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 4 (D) 6
Key. C
Sol. The given function has local maximum at x= -1 ,minimum at x=0 and F(0) = 0,F(-1) =1,
2
F(-3) = 2  3
3
f (2)  2 3
34
 range of f(x) =[0, 3

4]
44. If 2 f (sin x)  f (cos x )  xx   then range of f ( x) is

     2    2      
 ,   ,   ,   , 
1)  3 3  2)  3 3  3)  3 6  4)  6 6 
Key. 2
1
Sol. Put x  sin x
2 f ( x)  f  
1  x 2  sin 1 x  (1)
x  cos 1 x
2f  
1  x 2  f ( x)  cos 1 x  (2)
(1) x (2)
 4 f ( x)  2 f  
1  x 2  2sin 1 x
f ( x)  2 f  
1  x 2  cos 1 x
3 f ( x)  2sin 1 x  cos 1 x
2 1 
f ( x )  sin 1 x    sin 1 x 
3 3 3 

 sin 1 x 
6
     4 2
f max    , f min     
2 6 3 2 6 6 3
 2  
 ,
 3 3 
2 

f  x   tan 1  2 tan 1 x  sin 1 x  cot 1 x  cos 1 x 


 contains
45. Range of
(A) Only one integer (B) More than 2 integers
(C) Only two integers (D) No integer
Key. A
2 
y  tan 1  tan 1 x 
Sol.   , 1  x  1
 
  tan 1 x 
4 4
1 2 1
  tan 1 x 
2  2
14
1 2  1
 tan 1  tan 1  tan 1 x   tan 1  
2   2
y = 0, is only integer hence one integer
46. If f ( x )=√ cos ( sin x ) + √ sin ( cos x ) , then the range of f(x) is
 cos1, sin1   cos1, 1  sin1 
(A)  (B) 
 1  cos1, sin1   cos1,1
(C)   (D)  
Key. B
Sol. Period of f(x) is 2, but f(x) is not defined for x Î (/2, 3/2). Hence it suffices to consider x Î [–/2,
/2]. Further since f(x) is even, we consider x Î [0, /2].
Now √ cos ( sin x ) and √ sin ( cos x ) are decreasing functions for x Î [,/2].
Þ Rf = [ f ( π /2 ) , f ( 0 ) ] = [ √ cos1, 1+ √sin 1 ]
47. f  x    x 3  x 2  x  cos 1 x,
The range of is
A)  1,3   B)  0,   1 C)  1,2   D)  1, 
Key. A
Sol.
Domain
is a decreasing function
Min of is
Max of f(x) is
Range
48. The domain of the function

f  x   log e sgn  9  x 2     x
3
 4 x
where [.] = G.I.F
A)   2,1   2,3 B)   4,1   2,3

C)  4,1   2,3 D)  2,1   2,3
Key. A
Sol. Given

f  x   log e sgn  9  x 2     x
3
 4  x   y1  y2  say 
15
Now, y1 is defined if
sgn 9  x 2  0  
But sgn x = 1(i.e. > 0) if x > 0
 sgn  9  x 2   0  9  x 2  0  x 2  9  0   x  3   x  3   0  3  x  3
…(A)
 x  4  x   0   x  { x   4}  0   x    x   2    x   2   0 .
3 2
Again, y2 is defined if
Following the wavy curve method, we find
Thus  x   2 or  x  lies between – 2 and 0, i.e. [x] = - 2, - 1 or 0
Now,  
x 2 x2
…(B)
[x] = - 2  - 2  x < 1
[x] = - 1  - 1  x < 0
[x] = 0  0  x < 1.
Hence [x] = - 2, - 1, 0  2  x  1
 B    C    x  2  or  2  x  1
…(C)
D   A    C    2,1   2,3 
Hence f .
49. The Range of the function
3 

f  x   log10 sin 1

 x 5   
2  is
 3   3 
log 2 ,log 2  log 2 ,log 3 
A)   B)  
 3   3 
log 2 ,log   log 4 ,log 2 
C)   D)  
Key. A
3 

f  x   log10 sin 1

 x 5   
2 .
Sol. Let
The function is defined if (i) x  5  0 (ii) 1  x  5  1 and

3
(iii)

sin 1 x  5 
2
0
.
Now (i)  x  5
(ii)  0  x  5  1  6  x  6 .
(iii) is satisfied by virtue of (ii).
D   5,6 
Hence, considering (i) and (ii), we find that the domain of the function viz. f .
3 3
Let

y1  sin 1 x  5
and

y2  sin 1 x  5 
2 so that y  
log10 y 2  where
y2  y1 
2
  
  sin  z   
1
0  y1 
x   5,6 , y1  0
Now, for y1 since so that 2 2 2
3 3  3 3
0  y1      y2  2
Consequently 2 2 2 2 2
16
 3 
 log    log  y2   log  2 
 2  , since u = log z is an increasing function
 3 
 log    log  y2   log  2 
 2  .
 3 
log 2 ,log 2 
Hence the range of f(x) is  .
50.
f  x  x  2  2 x  3  x  2  2 x  3 ,
The domain of is
A)  3,5 B)  3,5  C)  5,  D)  3, 
Key. D
Sol.
For
and
Domain
51. Minimum value of function f ( x)  x ( x  1)( x  2)( x  3) : x  R, is

3 3 3 3
(A) –2 (B) –1 (C) 1 (D) none

Key. B
3 9 9
t  x 3 ( x 3  3); t  ( x3  ) 2   [  , )
Sol. Let 2 4 4
f ( x)  g (t )  t (t  2)  (t  1) 2  1 is least when t = –1
9
1  [ , )
and 4  min f ( x)  1
f  x   x  6  x  8
2
52. The domain of the function where [.] = G. I. F
A) (- 4, 4) B)
  ,3   4,   C) (3, 4) D)
 3, 4    5,   Key. B
1
 0
Sol. (i) The function is defined if sin x 2
1   5    5 
 sin x   x   ,   x   2n  , 2n 
2 6 6   6 6 
1
1   2  1; x  1
x 1
(ii) The function is defined if
1 1
 1  3 1
x 1 x 1
…(1)
1
3
x 1
And …(2)
17
 x  1  1  1  x  1  1  0  x  2
(1) …(A)
1 1 1 2 4
 x 1     x 1    x 
(2) 3 3 3 3 3 …(B)
 2 4 
x   0,    , 2
Combining (A) and (B), we find that  3   3  with is the domain of the given function.
53. The domain of the function of


f  x   log x sgn  x 2  
(where [.] G.I.F) is
A)
 2,  B) (- 2, 2) C)
  , 2  D) None
Key. A
 x 2   0  x 2   1
Sol. (i) f(x) is defined if (i) (4 - |x|) > 0 (iii) but
 x  4  4  x  4
Now, (i) ...(A)
 x 2   0   x 2   1, 2,3,...
From (iii),  
 x 2   1
But .
  x 2   2,3, 4,... i.e.  x 2   2
 x 2  2;  f  x    n  f  x   n
.
 x   2 or x  2
Combining (A) and (B), we find that  4  x   2 or 2x4. …(B)
Hence the domain of the given function is

 4,  2    2,4 .
(ii) The function is defined if (*i) sgn
 x   0 and (ii) [x] > 0 but [x]  1.
2
1 if x 2  0

x 2
 0 if x  0

1 if x  0
2
We know that sgn
(i) Since sgn

x 2
is non-negative, we have
x 2  0  x  R   0
. …(A)
 x   2,  
(ii)  [x] = 2, 3, 4, … …(B)
D f  A  B   2,  
Hence, .


f  x   log10 1  log10  x 2  5 x  10   is
A)  0,  B) (0, 5) C)  ,0  D) None

Key. B
x 2
 5 x  10  0 1  log10  x 2  5 x  10   0
Sol. (a) The function f(x) is defined if (i) , (ii)
18
 log10  x 2  5 x  10   1  x 2  5 x  10  10
Now, (ii)
 x2  5x  0  x  x  5  0  0  x  5
…(A)
Again, x  5 x  10  0 for all x,
2
…(B)
Since the discriminant of the corresponding equation x  5 x  10  0 is negative, so that the roots of
2
the equation are imaginary.

Combining (A) and (B), we find that the domain of f(x) is (0, 5).
log 4  x  4   0
(b) The function g(x) is defined if (i) 
x  4
2 2
0
, (ii)
(iii)

log 3 log 4  x  4 
2
 0
(i) is true for all x. …(A)
 x  4  1  x  8 x  15  0   x  3  x  5   0  x  3 or x  5
2 2
(ii) is true if ...(B)
log 4  x  4   1   x  4   4  x 2  8 x  12  0
2 2
(iii) is true if
 (x – 2)(x – 6) > 0  x < 2 or x > 6 …(C)
Hence combining (A), (B) and (C), we find that the domain of g(x) is   ,2    6,   .

f  x   log e sgn  9  x 2     x
3
 4 x
where [x] = G.I.F
A)   2,1   2,3 B)   4,1   2,3 C)  4,1   2,3 D)  2,1   2,3

Key. A
Sol. Given

f  x   log e sgn  9  x 2     x
3
 4  x   y1  y2  say 
Now, y1 is defined if
sgn 9  x 2  0  
But sgn x = 1(i.e. > 0) if x > 0
 sgn  9  x 2   0  9  x 2  0  x 2  9  0   x  3   x  3   0  3  x  3
…(A)
Again, y2 is defined if

 x   4  x   0   x   x  4  0   x    x   2  0
3
.
2
Following the wavy curve method, we find
Thus  x   2 or  x  lies between – 2 and 0, i.e. [x] = - 2, - 1 or 0
Now,  
x 2 x2
…(B)
[x] = - 2  - 2  x < 1
[x] = - 1  - 1  x < 0
[x] = 0  0  x < 1.
Hence [x] = - 2, - 1, 0  2  x  1
 B    C    x  2  or  2  x  1
…(C)
D f   A    C    2,1   2,3
Hence .
19
f  x   3x  4 x  12 x  1
4 3 2
A)  31,   B)   31,   C)  3,   D)   3,  
Key. B
y  f  x   3x 4  4 x 3  12 x 2  1
Sol. Given that .
It cuts the y-axis at the point (x = 0, x = 1).
dy
 12 x3  12 x 2  24 x
Differentiating, we get dx
dy
 12 x  x 2  x  2   12 x  x  2   x  1
i.e. dx .
dy
 0  x  x  2   x  1  0  x  0, 2, 1
Now, dx
dy
 0  x  x  2   x  1  0
Also, dx .
Using wavy-curve method, we have
dy
0 x   1,0 
Thus dx when x > 2 or .
dy
0
Similarly, dx when 0 < x < 2 or x < - 1.
Hence the graph of the curve will be as follows:
At x = 2, f(x) = 3 × 16 – 4 × 8 – 12 × 4 + 1 = 48 – 32 – 48 + 1 = - 31.
At x = - 1, f(x) = 3. 1 + 4. 1 – 12.1 + 1 = - 4.
 The least value of the function is – 31.
Hence the range of the function is  31,   .
cos  x  log 4x 
2
f  x  e  
1, e   4, e   2, e  3, e 
A)   B)   C)   D)  
Key. A
y  x  e

cos 1 log 4 x 2 
Sol. (iii) Given that .
The function is defined if (i) x  0 which is true for all x (ii) 1  log 4 x  1 .
2 2
1 1   1
 41  x 2  4   x 2  4  x   , 2  orx   2,  
Now, (ii) 4 2   2 .
 1 1 
 2,  2    2 ,2 
Hence the domain of the function is    .
1
 y1 
To find out the range, let y1  log 4 x so that y  e
2 cos
.
Again, let
y2  cos 1
 y1  .
20
 y  e y2 where y2  cos  y1  and y1  log 4 x 2 .

1
1 1 1
x   or   y1  log 4    log 4  41   1
Now, for 2 2  4
y1  log 4  4   1
And for x = 2 (or – 2), .
1  y1  1  cos 1  1  cos 1  y1   cos 1  1
Hence y1 lies between -1 and 1 i.e.
   y 2  0  0  y2   .
   
Again 0  y2    e  e  1  e  e  1  e  e  1  y  e .
y2 y2 y2
1, e 
Hence the range of the function is  .
58. The Range of the function

3 

f  x   log10 sin 1

 x 5  
2  is
 3   3   3   3 
log 2 ,log 2  log 2 ,log 3  log 2 ,log   log 4 ,log 2 
A)   B)   C)   D)   Key.
A
3 

f  x   log10 sin 1

 x 5  
2 .
Sol. Let
3
The function is defined if (i) x  5  0 (ii) 1  x  5  1 and (iii)
sin 1  x5  2
0
.
Now (i)  x  5
(ii)  0  x  5  1  6  x  6 .
(iii) is satisfied by virtue of (ii).
D   5,6
Hence, considering (i) and (ii), we find that the domain of the function viz. f .
3 3
Let

y1  sin 1 x  5
and

y2  sin 1 x  5  
2 so that y 
 log10  2  where
y y2  y1 
2
  
  sin  z   
1
0  y1 
x   5,6 , y1  0
Now, for y1 since so that 2 2 2
3 3  3 3
0  y1      y2  2
Consequently 2 2 2 2 2
 3 
 log    log  y2   log  2 
 2  , since u = log z is an increasing function
 3 
 log    log  y2   log  2 
 2  .
 3 
 log 2 ,log 2 
Hence the range of f(x) is  .
21
x
f  x   cos 1 log xx 
59. The range of the function is where [.] = G.I.F
 
 
A)  2  B) {0} C)  D)  2 
Key.
x
0
Sol. The function is defined if (i) [x] > 0 and [x]  1 (ii) x
x x
log x 0 0  log x 1
(iii) x (iv) x .
Now, (i) [x] = 2, 3, … i.e.   i.e. the domain of the function is 

x 2 x2 2,  
.
For this value of x (  2) (ii) is true,
x
log x   log x 1  0
(iii) is also true and x .

f  x   cos 1  0  
Hence 2.
 
 
Hence the range of the function is  2  .
60. The range of the function
 1  1
f  x   sin 1  x 2    cos 1  x 2  
 2  2  where [.] = G. I. F
 
 
A)  B)  2  C)  2  D) {0}
Key. A
 1  1
y1  sin 1  x 2   and y2  cos 1  x 2  
Sol. Let  2  2  . Then y  y1  y2 .
 1
y1  sin 1  x 2  
Now,  2  is defined
 1 1 3 3
1   x 2    1  1  x 2   2    x 2 
if  2  2 2 2 …(1)
 1
y2  cos 1  x 2  
Again  2  is defined
 1 1 1 5
1   x 2    1  1  x 2   2    x 2 
If  2 2 2 2 …(2)
Taking the intersection of (1) and (2), we find that
1 3 3
  x2   0  x2  2
2 2 2 , since x cannot be negative.
1 1 1 1
2  x2   1   x2   0
Now, for x so that 2 2 and 2 2 , we have
22
y  sin 1
 0   cos  1  0    cos  1  0    0   .
1 1
1 3  
 x2  y  sin 1  1  cos 1  0     
Similarly for 2 2 , we have 2 2 .
Hence the range of the given function is   .


61. Consider the real-valued function satisfying 2f(sin x) + f(cos x) = x. Find the domain and range of f(x).
Sol. Given 2f(sin x) + f(cos x) = x ...(1)
 
x  x
Replacing x by 2 , we have 2f(cos x) + f(sin x) 2 ...(2)
 
 3f  sin x   3f  cos x    f  sin x   f  cos x  
(1) + (2) 2 6 ...(3)
 
 f  sin x   x   f  x   sin 1 x 
(1) – (3) 6 6.
       2  
Df   1,1 and R f     ,      , 
Hence  2 6 2 6   3 3  .]
3
f ( x)  x 2  x  2
62. If 4 and g ( x)  x  ax  1 be two real functions, then the range of a for which
g ( f ( x))  0 has no real solution is ______
A) ( , 2) B) ( 2, 2) C) ( 2, ) D) (2, )
Key. C
3 1 1 1
f ( x)  x 2  x   ( x  )2  
Sol. 4 2 2 2
 1 
a    f ( x)    2
g ( f ( x ))  ( f ( x ))2  af ( x)  1 for g ( f ( x ))  0  f ( x ) 
,
 If a  2 , g ( f ( x))  0 has no solutions
f ( x)  log sin( x  3)  16  x 2
63. The number of integers in the domain of real function 10 is
A) 4 B) 8 C) 9 D) infinite
Key. A
Sol. The domain of the given function is (3  2,3  )  (3, 4] . The integers in the domain are
{3, 2, 1, 4}
f ( x)
e f ( x)  e
g ( x) 
f ( x)  1x  R e f ( x)  e
f ( x)
64. if f ( x ) is a polynomial function such that and , then
the range of g ( x ) is
 e2  1 
 0, 
 e2  1 
A) [0, 1] B)
23
 e2  1  1  e2 
 0,   ,0 
2
 e  1  1  e 2 
C)  D) 
Key. D
Sol. For 0  f ( x)  1 g ( x)  0
For 1  f ( x)  0
e2 f ( x)  1 1  e 2 
g ( x)   g ( x)   ,0 
2 f ( x ) 1  2 
e 1  e 
1  e2 
g ( x)   ,0 
 2 
 range of 1  e
65. The domain of definition of the function, f(x) given by the equation 2 x + 2y = 2 is
(A) 0 < x  1 (B) 0  x  1 (C)   x  0 (D)   x  1
Key. D
Sol. It is given that 2 x + 2y = 2x, y  R

Therefore, 2x = 2 – 2y < 2  0 < 2x < 2
Taking log for both side with base 2.
 log 2 0  log 2 2  log 2 2

x
Hence domain is   x  1
66. The range of the function f(x) = log {x} [x], where [x] and {x} respectively denote the integral and
fractional parts of x, is
(A) (-¥, 0] (B) (-¥, 0)
(C) {ln k; kÎN} (D) (-¥, -1)
Key. A
Sol. For xÎ (1, 2) , f(x) = 0
1
for xÎ (2, 3) , f(x) = log{x}2 = log 2 {x} Î (-¥, 0)
f  x   sin 1 x  cos1 x  tan 1 x f  x

67. If then range of the function is _______
  3 
 ,   0,    0,  
(1)  4 4  (2) (3) (4) R
Key. 1
Sol. Domain [-1, 1] and Range [f(-1), f(1)]
24
 f ( x)  log 2 log 2 x  1  x 2
68. Let R be set of real numbers, the function f : R  R, , then range of
f(x) is
(1)  (2) R (3) R+ (4) R–

Key. 1
Sol. for x  0
0  x  1 x2  1
so

log 2 x  x  x 2  0 
If e  e  e , then for f(x)
x f (x )
69.
(1) domain  (,1) , range  (,1)
(2) domain  ( , 1] , range  (,1]
(3) domain  (,0] , range  (,1]
(4) domain  (,0] , range  (,3]

Key. 1
ef (x )  e  e x  f (x)  log e  e  e x 
Sol.
e  e x  0  e1  e x  x  1
Df   ,1
Let
 e x  e  e y  x  log e  e  e y 
 e  e y  0  e1  e y
 y 1
R f   ,1
  4  x2  
f  x   sin  log  
  1 x  
70. The domain of     is
(1)
 0,5 (2)
 1,5 (3)
 2,1 (4)
 2,3
Key. 3
Sol. 4  x 2  0 and 1  x  0
2  x  2 and x  1
Y   x 2    x  , x   0, 2
2
71. The range of the function where [.] denotes the integral part, is
(1)
 0 (2)
 0,1 (3)
 1, 2 (4)
 0,1, 2
Key. 4
25
y   x 2    x  , x   0, 2
2
Sol. We have,
y   x 2  , 0  x 1
i.e.,
y   x 2   1, 1 x  2
  x 2   1, x2
0 x2
i.e., y = 0, 0  x 1
 11  0 1  x  2
 2  1  1, 2x 3
 3  1  2, 3x2
0 x2
Hence, the range is {0, 1, 2 }
f  x    sin 1 x    cos 1 x 
2 2
72. Let then
5 2 7 2
f  x f  x
(1) Greatest value of is 8 (2) Greatest value of is 4
2 2
f  x f  x
(3) Least value of is 8 (4) Least value of is 12
Key. 3
2
f  x   2  sin x    sin x 
1 2 1
Sol. 4
2
   2
 2  sin 1 x   
 4 8
  2 5 2 
 f  x   , 
8 4 
1
2  (cos x) 2  (sin 1 x) 2 
1
73. If [a , b] be the range of  then b – a =
9 3 5
A. 1 B. C. D.
8 4 4
Key. B
1
(cos 1 x) 2  (sin 1 x) 2 
2
 (cos 1 x  sin 1 x)2  (cos 1 x  sin 1 x)2 
Sol.
1        2
2 2

      2sin 1 x  
2  2   2   8
26
1 2  1
a  
2  8  8
  2    
2
1 
b 2        , at x 
2  4  2   2
5

4
9
b  a 
8
 5x  x2 
log10  
74. The domain of the function  4  is
A. ( 0,5) B. (1,4 ) C. [0,5] D. [1,4]
Key. D
5x  x2
 1  x 2  5 x  4  0  x  [1, 4]
Sol. 4
1 1
The greatest and least values of (sin x)  (cos x) are
3 3
75.
 3 7 3 7 3  3  3 7 3 3 3
, , , ,
A. 32 32 B. 8 32 C. 8 8 D. 8 32
KEY. B
3
   
(sin x)  (cos x)     3sin 1 x cos 1 x  
1 3 1 3
SOL. 2 2

 3 3 1   
  sin x   sin 1 x 
8 2 2 
2
 3 3  1 
  sin x  
32 2  4
3 7 3
min  , max 
32 8
3.Odd & Even Functions

f  x   e  sin x
x
f  x
76. Let be defined on the interval [-4, 0], the odd extension of in the interval [-4,
4]
e  x  sin x , x   0, 4  e x  sin x , x   0, 4 
1) 2)
27
e  x  sin x , x   0, 4  e x  sin x , x   0, 4 
3) 4)
Key. 2
f  x   f  x
Sol.
2 x  sin x  tan x 
f  x 
 x  21 
2  41
77. The function    is (where [.] = G.I.F)
A) An odd function. B) An even function
C) Neither even nor odd function D) None of these
Key. A
 x  21  x 
 2   41  2   21  41
Sol. The denominator is     
.
x  sin x  tan x 
 f  x 
x 1
    2
 x  sin   x   tan   x   x  sin x  tan x 

 f  x  
 x 1 x 1
     2 1    
   2  if x  n 
x  sin x  tan x 
   f  x
x 1
    2
.

if x  n then f  x   0 
 2 
f  x     sin x  cos x
f :  20, 20  R a 
78. If defined by is an even function, then the set of values
of ‘a’ is [.] G.I.F
a   500,   a   400,  
A) B)
a    400, 0  a   300,900 
C) D)
Key. B
 x2 
f  x     sin x  cos x
f :  20, 20  R a
Sol. If defined by is an even function , find the set of values of
a; [.] = G. I. F.
 x2 
f  x   f   x   f  x   f   x   0    sin x  0
[Hint: If f(x) is an even function, then a
 x2  x2
    a  0   1  a  x 2  a  400
a a  a   400,  
(since 20  x  20 ) .]
28
 x 2  sin 2 x
f ( x )  cot(sin x)    
f :[4, 4]   , o,   R  a  x 2 ,([.] denotes
79. If , such that
greatest integer function) is an odd function, then the complete set of values of ‘ a ’ , is
[, 4]  [4, ) B)
A)
(, 16)  (16, )
C) [16, 16] D) (, 16]  [16, )
Key. B
 x2 
 
f ( x ) a 
Sol. For to be odd,   should not depend on value of x.
2
Since x  [4,4]  0  x  16
 x2 
 0
 a  a  16  a  (, 16)  (16, )
if
4. Periodic Functions
f  x  1  f  x  3  2
80. If f : R  R is a function satisfying the property for all x  R than f is _____
(1) Periodic with period 3 (2) Periodic with period 4
(3) non periodic (4) Periodic with period 5
Key. 2
f  x  1  f  x  5 
Sol.
81. A real valued function f satisfies f (10  x )  f (10  x ) and f (20  x)   f (20  x ) , for all x  R
which of the following statements is true?
(1) f is an even function (2) f is an odd function
(3) f is a constant function (4) f is a non-periodic function
Key. 2
Sol. Change x to 10 – x to obtain
f  20  x   f  x 
We have f (20  x)  f (20  x)
 f (x)  f (20  x)
Now change x to 20 + x
f (20  x)  f (40  x)
f (x)  f (40  x)
f (x)  f (40  x) , so f is periodic
Again f ( x)  f (20  x)  f (x)
Thus f is odd
29
1  | sin x | sin x 
f (x)    
82. The period of the function
2  cos x | cos x |  is
 
(A)  (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 3
Key. B
sin x
Sol. Since and cos x are periodic function with period  and 2 respectively.
| sin x |
Therefore, cos x is periodic with period 2 .
| cos x |
Similarly, sin x is periodic with period 2 .
So, period of f(x) is L.C.M. of {2, 2}  2 .
f  x  5
f  x  p 
f : R  R   3 f  x  3
83. Let be a function such that for some p  0 , for all x  R .
Then, period of f is
(A) 2 p (B) 3 p (C) 4 p (D) 5 p

Key. C
f  x  2
Sol. 3 does not belong to the range of f implies 2 also cannot belong to range of f because, if for
25
f  x  p  3
some x  R . Then 23 which is not in the range of f. Hence 2 and 3 are not in the
f  x  2 p  f  x
range of f. If , this implies
f  x  f  x  p  p
f  x  p  5

f  x  p  3
f  x  5  5

f  x  3
f  x  5  3
f  x  3
4 f  x   10 2 f  x   5
 
2 f  x   4 f  x  2
 f  x   2   1
2
so that  which is absurd. Therefore, 2 p is not a period. Again

2 f  x  p  5
f  x  3p 
f  x  p  2
3 f  x  5
  f  x
f  x  1
.
30
f  x  4 p  f  x  3p  p
Now
f  x  3 p  5

f  x  3 p  3
3 f  x  5
5
f  x 1

3 f  x  5
3
f  x 1
2 f  x 
  f  x
2 .
Therefore 4 p is a period.
n(n  1)x
84. Period of the function f(x) = [x] + [2x] + [3x] + [4x] + … + [nx] – 2 , where n  N and [ ]
denotes the greatest integer function, is
1
(A) 1 (B) n (C) n (D) 2n
Key. A
Sol. f(x) = [x]  [2x]  .....  [nx]  (x  2x  .....  nx) = [x]  x  [2x]  2x  ....  [nx]  (nx)
= [{x}  {2x}  .....  {nx}]

1
Period of {rx} = r
  1 1
LCM 1, , , ......,   1
 Period of f(x) =  2 3 n
85. Which of the following is non-periodic
tan x sin x
cos x
(A) tan x (B) sin x (C) (D) sin x
Key. B
Sol. f (x)  sin x is non-periodic because f(T) = f(0) = f(–T) is not satisfied.
1/4
f (2  x)  a  1  (f (x)  a) 4 
86. If for all x  R , then f(x) is periodic with period
(A) 1 (B)2 (C) 4 (D) 8
Key. C
Sol. f (2  x)  a = {1  [f (x)  a]4 }1/4

 [f(2 + x) – a]4 = 1 – [f(x) – a]4
[f(2 + x) – a]4 + [f(x) – a]4 = 1 …(i)
(i) is true for all x
Replace x by (x + 2) in (i)
31
4 4
[f(x + 4) – a] + [f(x + 2) – a] = 1 …(ii)
4 4
(i) and (ii) gives, f(x) – a] = [f(x + 4) – a]
 f(x + 4) – a = f(x) – a
 f(x + 4) = f(x)
87. Period of f(x) = sgn([x] + [x]) is equal to
(where [.] denotes greatest integer function)
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) does not exist
Key. A
Sol. Let f(x) = sgn([x] + [-x])
0; xI

1; xI
Hence f(x) is periodic with period 1.
88. The period of the function
f  x   exp  x   x   x   x    x   x  
2

 sin  x  cos  x  tan  x 
A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4
Key. A
Sol. The period of x – [x] is 1.
x   x
The period of is 1.
 x   x 
2
The period of is 1.

sin  x   1
The period of  .
cos  x  1
The period of .
tan  x  1
The period of .
Thus each of the above functions is a periodic function with period 1. Therefore their L.C.M. is 1. Hence
the function f(x) is periodic with fundamental period = 1.
f ( x)  sin 3x cos  3x   cos 3 x sin  3 x   

89. The period of the function , where denotes the greatest
integer function is
(1) 6 (2) 3 (3) 1/3 (4) 1/6
Key. 3
Sol. f(x) = sin 3{x}, where {.} is a fractional part function.
1/4
f (2  x)  a  1  (f (x)  a) 4 
90. If for all x  R , then f(x) is periodic with period
32
(A) 1 (B)2 (C) 4 (D) 8
Key. C
Sol. f (2  x)  a = {1  [f (x)  a]4 }1/ 4

 [f(2 + x) – a]4 = 1 – [f(x) – a]4
[f(2 + x) – a]4 + [f(x) – a]4 = 1 …(i)
(i) is true for all x
Replace x by (x + 2) in (i)
[f(x + 4) – a]4 + [f(x + 2) – a]4 = 1 …(ii)
4 4
(i) and (ii) gives, f(x) – a] = [f(x + 4) – a]
 f(x + 4) – a = f(x) – a
 f(x + 4) = f(x)
 x
f  x    1
91. The period of the function where [.] = G.I.F
A) 2 B) 1 C) 3 D) 4
Key. A
 x
Given:     .
f x  1
Sol.
First of all, we sketch the graph of f(x) with the help of piecewise defined functions as follows:
 1; 2 x  1
 1; 1x  0
 x

f  x    1   1; 0  x  1
 1: 1  x  2

 1; 2  x  3.
The graph of f(x) is given by
From the above graph of f(x), we see that the function f(x) repeats its value after the least interval of 2.
Therefore the function f(x) is periodic with period 2.
1
2 f  x   3. f    x 2  1
92. If  x then f(x) is _______
(1) Periodic function (2) an even function
(3) an odd function (4) one one function on domain R
Key. 2
1
Sol. replace x by x
5. Inverse, Composition Functions

If the functions of f and g are defined by f ( x )  3  x, g ( x)  2  3 x for x  R respectively, then
93
.
g 1 ( f 1 (2)) 
A. 1 1 4 1
 
B. 3 C. 3 D. 4
Key. B
33
x2
f 1 ( x)  3  x, g 1 ( x) 
Sol. 3
1
g 1[ f 1 (2)]  g 1 (1)  
3
94. Which among the functions is inverse of itself?
1 x2 1 x
x2 2 y y
(A) y  a (B) y  5
2log x
(C) 1  x2 (D) 1 x
Key. D
1 x
Sol. Out of 4 choices, if f(x) = 1  x .
(1  x)
1
(1  x)
(1  x)
1
f[f(x)] = (1  x) = x
1 x
 1  x is the inverse of itself.
95. The inverse of


f (x)  5   x  8  
5 3
is
(A) 5  (x  8) (B) 8  (5  x )
5 3 1/5
(C) 8  (5  x )
3 1/5
(D)
 5  (x  8)  1/5 3
Key. B
Sol. Let y = f(x) =

 5  (x  8)  5 1/3
, then
y3 = 5  (x  8)  (x  8)  5  y
5 5 3
 x = 8 + (5  y )
3 1/5
Let, z = g(x)  8  (5  x )
3 1/5
f  g(x) 
1/3
5  (x  8)5 
Now, =
 5  (5  x )  
1/3
3 1/5 5
= (5  5  x )  x
3 1/3
=
g  f (x)   x
Similarly, we can show that .
Hence, g(x) = 8 +
 5 x  3 1/5
is the inverse of f(x).
f  x   x  x  x  x  .........
2 3 4
x 1 f 1  x  
96. If when then
34
x x 1 1
1) 1  x 2) 1  x 3) 1  x 4) 1  x
Key. 1
x
f  x   x  x 2  x 3  x 4  ...... 
Sol. 1 x
t x x
f 1  x   t  f  t    x  xt  t  x  t  1  x   t   f 1  x  
1 t 1 x 1 x
f :  0,    R f  x   log10x f 1  x  
97. If defined by then
1)
log10x 2) x
10
3) 10
x
4) None
Key. 3
f 1  x   y  x  f  y   x  log10y  y  10 x  f 1  x   10 x
Sol.
If f ( x )  (1  x ) , 0  x  1, n being an odd positive integer and h( x)  f ( f ( x)), then h '(1/ 2)

98. n 1/ n
B. 2
n n 1
A. 2 C. n.2 D. 1
Key. D
1 1
1
h( x)  (1  f ( x) n ) n  (1  (1  x n ) n  x  h1 ( )  1
Sol. 2
1
f ( x)  x 
99. If x then number of solutions of f ( f ( f ( x))  1.
1) 1 2) 4 3) 6 4) 2
Key. 2
1 x 4  3x 2  1
f ( x)  x  ,  f ( f ( x)) 
Sol. x x( x 2  1)
1 5
 f ( f ( f ( x)))  1  f ( f ( x))  f 1 (1)  
2 2 values exist
1 5
f 1 (1)  
Or 2 2 values exist
100. Which among the functions is inverse of itself?
1 x2 1 x
2
2 y y
(B) y  5
x
(A) y  a
2log x
(C) 1  x2 (D) 1 x
Key. D
1 x
Sol. Out of 4 choices, if f(x) = 1  x .
(1  x)
1
(1  x)
(1  x)
1
f[f(x)] = (1  x) = x
35
1 x
 1  x is the inverse of itself.
1   1 
 ,   4 ,  
If f (x)  x(x  1) is a function from  2  to
1
101. , then {x  R / f (x)  f (x)} is
(A) null set (B) {1}
(C) {0, 2} (D) a set containing 3 elements
Key. C
Sol. {x  R / f 1 (x)  f (x)} = {x  R / f f (x)  x}
f  f (x)  f  x(x  1)   [x(x  1)][x(x  1)  1]

= x(x  1)[x  x  1]
2
=
f (f(x)) = x  x(x –1)(x 2  x  1)  x
 x(x  2x ) = 0  x = 0, 2
3 2
7
f  x   3x 2  7 x  c x
102. Let , where ‘c’ is a variable co-efficient and 6 . The value of ‘c’ such that
f  x f 1
 x
touches is……
16 4
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 3 (D) 3
Key. C
f  x f 1  x 
Sol. and can only intersect on the line y  x
 y  x must be tangent
Solving 3 x  7 x  c  x p
2
 3x 2  8 x  c  0
The above equation has real and equal roots
 64  12c  0
16
c
3
  2 
f :  ,    0, 4
 3 3  f  x   3 sin x  cos x  2
103. Let be a function defined as
f 1  x 
then is given by
 x2   x2 
sin 1   sin 1  
(1)  2  6 (2)  2  6
2  x2
 cos 1  
(3) 3  2  (4) Does not exist
Key. 3
36
 
f  x   2sin  x    2
Sol.  6
Since f is one – one onto
f is invertible
f  f 1  x   x
Now
 
 2sin  f 1  x     2  x
 6
x    x 
f 1  x   sin 1   1   2  1  1x   0, 4 
2  6  

sin 1   cos 1  
Also using 2
 x  2  2  x2
f 1  x    cos 1    cos 1  
2 2 6 3  2 
104. The value of the parameter  , for which the function f (x)  1  x,   0 is the inverse of itself, is
(A) –2 (B) –1 (C) 1 (D) 2
Key. B
y 1
Sol. y = 1  x  x= 
x 1
f 1 (x) =  = f (x)  1  x
x 1
  = 1  x  x – 1 =  x
2
Equating the coefficient of x

 2 = 1 and  = –1
 = 1
 = –1
6. Functional Equations
f  x  y  f  x . f  y
105. If f is real function satisfying the relation for all x, y  R and f(1) = 2 and
n
a  N , for which
 f  a  k   16  2
K 1
n
 1
then a = _______
(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) 3 (4) 8
Key. 3
Sol.
f  a   an
;  f  a  K    f  a f  K 
n
 2a  2 K  2a  2n  1
K 1
a  3
37
106. A real valued function f(x) satisfies the functional equation
f  x  y  f  x . f  y  f  a  x f  a  y
for some given constant a and f(0) = 1 then f(2a-x) =
f  x  f  x f  x f  a  f  a  x
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Key. 2
x  y  0  f  a  0
Sol. Put
f  a  x  f  a   x  a   f  a . f  x  a  f  a  a 
3  3
f   
f  x  y   f  xy 
107. If f : R  R is a function satisfying for all x, y  R and  4   4  , then
 9 
f  
 16 
3 9 3
1) 4 2) 16 3) 2 4) 0
Key. 1
 3  3
f    
Sol. Let f(0)=k, then f(x) = f(x+0) = f(0) = k, f is a constant function. But  4   4 
3  9  3
 f  x    f   
 4  for all x and hence  16   4 
 1 
2 f  x2   3 f  2   x2 1
x  f  x2  
108. If for nonzero x, , then
3  2 x4  x2 3  2x4  x2 3  2x4  x2 3  2 x4  x2
1) 5x2 2) 5x2 3) 5x2 4) 5x2
Key. 3
 1   1 
2 f  x 2   3 f  2   x 2  1  4 f  x 2   6 f  2   2 x 2  2 .........  1
Sol. x  x 
 1  1  1  3
2 f  2   3 f  x 2   2  1  9 f  x 2   6 f  2   2  3 .........  2 
x  x x  x
3 3  2x4  x2
 2    1  5 f  x 2
  2  2x 1  f  x  
2 2
x 5x2
n
f  x  y  f  x  f  y  f  r
109. If f : R  R satisfies for all x, y  R and f (1) =7, then r 1 is
7  n  1 7n  n  1 7n
7 n  n  1
1) 2 2) 2 3) 2 4)
Key. 2
f  1  7, f  2   f  1  1  f  1  f  1  2 f  1 , f  n   nf  1
Sol.
f  x   f  x  6   f  x  3  f  x  9  f  x
110. If f is a real valued function satisfying , then =
38
f  x  3 f  x  6 f  x  9 f  x  12 
1) 2) 3) 4)
Key. 4
Sol. Replace x with x+3
1 1
f (x)f    f (x)  f   x  R  {0}
111. If x x , where f(x) be a polynomial function and f(5) = 126, then
f(3) =
(A) 28 (B)26 (C) 27 (D) 25
Key. A
Sol. f(x) = 1  xn or f(5) = 1  5n
or, 126 = 1  5n or  5n = 125   5n = 53
n=3
f(3) = 1 + 33 = 28
112. If g(x) is a polynomial satisfying g(x) g(y) = g(x) + g(y) + g(xy) –2 for all real x and y and g(2) = 5, then
g(3) is equal to
(A) 10 (B) 24
(C) 21 (D) 15
Key. A
Sol. Putting x = 1, y = 2, then
g(1) g(2) = g(1) + g(2) + g(2) – 2
 5g(1) = 8 + g(1)
 g(1) = 2
1
Also, replacing y by x in the given relation, then
1 1
g  x  g    g  x   g    g  1  2
x x
1 1
g x g   g x  g 
or x x
g  x   1 xn

  2n  22
Taking +ve sign
2n = 2 2
 n=2
 g(x) = 1 + x2
 g(3) = 1 + 32 = 10
 x y 1
f   ( f ( x)  f ( y )) 
113. Let  2  2 for real x and y. If f (0) exists and equals to -1
and f(0)=1 then the value of f(2) is
1
a) 1 b) -1 c) 2 d) 2
Key. B
39
Sol.
f ( x  h)  f ( x )
f ( x)  lim
h 0 h
f (2 x)  f (2h)
 f ( x)
= lim 2
h 0 h
f ( x)  1 ; f (2 x)  2 f ( x) -1
 f ( x)  1  x
114. A function f : R  R satisfies the equation f(x) f(y) – f(xy) = x + y  x, y  R and f(1) > 0, then
1 1
(A) f (x) f (x)  x 2  4 (B) f (x) f (x)  x 2  6
1 2
(C) f (x) f (x)  x  1 (D) none of these
Key. C
Sol. Taking x = y = 1, we get
f  1 f  1  f  1  2
Þ
f 2  1  f  1  2  0
Þ
 f  1  2   f  1  1  0
f  1  2
Þ (as f(1) > 0)
Taking y = 1, we get
f(x). f(1) – f(x) = x + 1
1
Þ f(x) = x + 1 Þ f (x)  x  1
\ f (x).f 1 (x)  x 2  1
\ (C) is the correct answer.
115.  x  59 
3 f  x  2 f    10 x  30,
A function f satisfies the equation  x  1   x  1
f  11
f  7
then the value of is
A) 7 B) 11 C) 7 D) 11
Key. B
Sol. At
.(1)
but to get
..(2)
40
Using componendo and dividendo
116. Let f be a real-valued function with domain R. If for some positive constant a, the equation
f(x + a) = 1 + (1 – 3f(x) + 3(f(x))2 – (f(x))3}1/3
holds good for all x  R , prove that f(x) is a periodic function with period 2a.
Sol. Given

f  x  a   1  1  3f  x   3  f  x     f  x  
2

3 1/3
f  x  a  1    1  f  x   
3 1/3
  f  x  a   1   1  f  x  
3 3

 f(x + a) – 1 = 1 – f(x) f(x + a) + f(x) = 2 ...(1)
Replacing x by x – a, the equation (1) becomes f(x) + f(x – a) = 2 ...(2)
Subtracting (2) from (1), we get f(x + a) – f(x – a) = 0.
Finally replacing x by x + a, we get f(x + 2a) – f(x) = 0
 f(x + 2a) = f(x) and hence f is periodic with period 2a.
117. Let f : R  R be continuous and periodic with period T > 0. then
(A) f ( x0  T / 2)  f ( x0 ) for some x0  [k, k  T / 2], K  R
(B) f ( x0  T / 2)  f ( x0 ) for some x0  (k, k  T / 4), K  R
(C) f ( x0  T / 2)  f ( x0 ) for some x0  (k, k  T / 3), K  R
(D) f ( x0  T / 2)  f ( x0 ) for some x0  (k, k  T / 6), K  R
Key. A
Let g( x)  f ( x  T / 2)  f ( x)
Sol.
then g(k)  f (k  T / 2)  f (k) ….. (1)
and g(k  T / 2)  f (k  T)  f (k  T / 2)
 f (k)  f (k  T / 2)
 g(k)
Hence by intermediate value property there exist an x0  [k,k  T / 2] for which g(x) = 0
118. A function f : R  R satisfies the equation f(x) f(y) – f(xy) = x + y  x, y  R and f(1) > 0, then
1 1
(A) f (x) f (x)  x 2  4 (B) f (x) f (x)  x 2  6
1
(C) f (x) f (x)  x 2  1 (D) none of these
Key: C
41
Hint: Taking x = y = 1, we get
f  1 f  1  f  1  2
Þ
f 2  1  f  1  2  0
Þ
 f  1  2   f  1  1  0
f  1  2
Þ (as f(1) > 0)
Taking y = 1, we get
f(x). f(1) – f(x) = x + 1
1
Þ f(x) = x + 1 Þ f (x)  x  1
\ f (x).f 1 (x)  x 2  1
\ (C) is the correct answer.
f  x  f  y    f  x   y ;  x, y  R f  2013  ___
119. Let f be a function such that then
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2013 (4) 4026
Key. 3
y  x  f  x  f  x   f  x  x
Sol. Put
 f  t  t
(Identity function)
120. If f(x) is a polynomial function satisfying the condition f(x).f(1/x) = f(x) + f(1/x), xÎR-{0} and f(2) = 9
then
(1) 2 f(4) = 3 f(6) (2) 7 f(1) = f(3) 3) 9 f(3) = 2 f(5) (4) f(10) = f(11)
Key. 3
n
Sol. f(x) = 1 + x put x = 2, we get n = 3
3
\ f(x) = 1 + x
\ 2 f(4) = 130 ¹ 3 f(6)
14 f(1) = 28 = 3 f(3)
9 f(3) = 252 = 2 f(5)
f(10) ¹ f(11)
1 1
f (x)f    f (x)  f   x  R  {0}
121. If x x , where f(x) be a polynomial function and f(5) = 126, then
f(3) =
(A) 28 (B)26 (C) 27 (D) 25
Key. A
Sol. f(x) = 1  xn or f(5) = 1  5n
or, 126 = 1  5n or  5n = 125   5n = 53
n=3
f(3) = 1 + 33 = 28
7. Different Types of Functions
42
 x  x
f  x   a1 tan x  a2 tan    a3 tan      
122. Let 2  3
x
 an .tan   where a1, a2 , a3    an
n are real numbers and
    a a a
 x  ,  a1  2  3      n
n  Z , f  x   tan x  2 2  then 2 3 n is
for
1

(A) 1 (B)  1 (C)  1 (D) 2
Key. B
f  h
f 1  0  l t
f  0
1
n 0 h
Sol. Clearly is required
f  h tan h
 lt  lt 1
h 0 h h 0 h
123. If
 x denotes the integral part of x. for real x. then the value of
1 1 1  1 1  1 3   1 199 
     
 4   4 200   4 100   4 200   ______   4  200 
1) 50 2) 100 3) 25 4) 75
Key. 1
 1
 200.   50  50
Sol. 4 
g    1,1 ,  2,3 ,  3,5  ,  4, 7   g  x   x   ,  

124. If is described by the formula , then
1) (2, 1) 2) (2,-1) 3) (-2, 1) 4) (-2,-1)
Key. 2
g  1      1
Sol.
g  2   2    3
125. If
f  x   cos  2  x  cos   2  x
, then (where
  is integral part of  )
   
f    1 f  2
2 f    1 f     1 4
1) 2) 3) 4)
Key. 1
f  x   cos 9 x  cos10 x, 9   2  10
Sol.
126. Set A has 3 elements and set B has 4 elements. The number of injections that can be defined from A to
B is
1) 144 2) 12 3) 24 4) 64
Key. 3
n B 
Pn A 4
P3  4.3.2  24
Sol. =
43
 2, if n  3k , k  Z


f  n   10  n, if n  3k  1, k  Z.Then n f  n   2  

127. f : N  Z is defined by 0, if n  3k  2, k  Z
1)
 3, 6,3 2)
 1, 4, 7 3)
 4, 7 4)
 7
Key. 2
Sol.
 n \  f  n   2     n \10  n  2, n  3k  1
  n \ n  8, n  3k  1
 x, 0  x  1

f1  x    1, x  1
0, otherwise f  x   f1   x 
128. Let  and 2 for all x
f3  x   f 2  x 
for all x
f 4  x   f3   x 
for all x
Which of the following is necessarily true?
f  x   f1  x  f1  x   f 3   x 
(A) 4 for all x (B) for all x
f  x   f 4  x  f  x   f3  x   0
(C) 2 for all x (D) 1 for all x
Key. B
Sol.
log  2 x 3  6 x 2  23 x  21  4  log  3 x 7   4 x 2  12 x  9 

129. If , then the value of 4x is
1
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 4
Key. B
Sol. First note that 2 x  3  0 and 2 x  3  1 , that is, x  3 / 2 and x  1 . Also, 3x  7  0 and
3x  7  1 , that is, x  7 / 3 and x  2 . Suppose x  3 / 2, x  1 . Then the given equation can
be written as
log  2 x  3  3 x  7   2 log  2 x  3
 4
log  2 x  3 log  3 x  7 
log  3 x  7  2 log  2 x  3
1  4
log  2 x  3 log  3 x  7 
44
log  3x  7 
y
log  2 x  3
Put
2
1 y  4 
Then y
2
y  3
Therefore y
y2  3y  2  0
 y  1  y  2   0
This gives y  1 or 2
Case 1: suppose that y  1 . Then
log  3x  7   log  2 x  3
3x  7  2 x  3
x  4
This is rejected because x  3 / 2 .
Case 2: Suppose that y  2 . Then
log  3 x  7   2 log  2 x  3   log  2 x  3 
2
Therefore 3x  7  4 x 2  12 x  9
4 x2  9 x  2  0
 4 x  1  x  2   0
x  1/ 4 or -2
Here x  1/ 4 (since x  3 / 2 ) so 4 x  1
2n  1 if n is even
f  n  
130. If f and g are two functions defined on N, such that 2n  2 if n is odd and
g  n   f  n   f  n  1
. Then range of g is
A) { m  N / m = multiple of 4}
B) { set of even natural numbers}
C) { m  N / m  4k  3, k is a natural number}
D) { m  N / m  multiple of 3 or multiple of 4}
Key. C
g  n   f  n   f  n  1
Sol.
If n is even, n+1 is odd.
 g  n  2n  1  2  n  1  2  4n  3
If n is odd, n+1 is even.
 g  n  2n  2  2  n  1  1  4n  3 .
1
y  sin x  sin x   sin x     y   y    2 cos x
131. The number of solution of 3 and  where [. ]
denotes the greatest integer function is
45
a) 4 b) 0 c) 2 d) 7
Key. B
y   sin x  2 cos x  2  y 
Sol. and is impossible for every x  R .
132. Let W be the set of whole numbers and f : W  W be defined by
  x    log10 x  x 
 x  10   10  f     if x  0
f  x    10    10  
0 if x  0

where
 y denotes the largest integer  y . Then
f  7752  
(A) 7527 (B) 5727 (C) 7257 (D) 2577

Key. D
Sol. This function simply writes the digits of the given number in the reverse order.

f  x   sin  x    sin x  , 0  x 
133. 2 , where   represents the greatest integer function, can also be
represented as
 1 
 2 , 0  x 
0 , 0  x 1  4
 
  1  1  1  3 ,   x  
1  sin1 , 1  x  2 
(B)  2 2 2 4
(A) 2
 
0 , 0 x
4

 
1 ,  x 1
0 , 0  x 1 4
 
   
sin1 , 1  x  2 sin1 , 1  x  2
(C) (D) 
Key. C

0 x
Sol. 2
 0 if 0  x  1
 x   
 1 if 1  x  
 2
sin 0  0 if 0  x  1

 sin  x    
sin1 if 1  x 
2

0 x
We have 0  sin x  1 when 2.
46

  sin x   0 for 0  x 
2
 0 if 0  x  1
 sin  x    sin x   
 sin1 if 1  x  
 2
1 1 1
f ( x)   
134. x  1 x  2 x  3 then number of points where f ( x )  0
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
Key. 2
Sol.
135. f ( x )  x 2   x   cos x ,   ,    . The number of ordered pairs ( ,  ) for which

f ( x )  0 and f ( f ( x))  0 have same set of real roots.
1) 4 2) 6 3) 8 4) 10
Key. 1
Sol. f ( x)  x 2   x  u cos x
Let  be the root of f ( x)  0  f ( )  0
 f ( f ( ))  f (0)  0 ( ( is root of f ( f ( x)  0 also)
Now f (0)    0
f ( x )  x 2   x  0  x  0, x   
f ( f ( x))  f ( x 2   x )  ( x 2   x) 2   ( x 2   x)
 ( x 2   x)  x 2   x    0
Will have same root x  0, x   If

x 2   x    0 have no real roots
  2  4  0
 0    4    1, 2,3
But   0 is also satisfy
(0, 0), (0,1), (, 2)(0,3) are 4 or diff. ( ,  ) does exist.
f ( x)  x 5  x 2  1 has roots x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 , x5 and g ( x )  x  2 then

2
136.
47
g ( x1 ) g ( x2 ) g ( x3 ) g ( x4 ) g ( x5 )  30 g ( x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 )  ____
1) 2 2) 5 3) 7 4) 11
Key. 3
Sol. Put
g ( x)  y  x 2  2  x  y  2  f ( y  2)  0
 y 5  20 y 4  40 y 3  79 y 2  74 y  23  0
Roots are
g ( x1 ), g ( x2 ), g ( x3 ), g ( x4 ), g ( x5 )
g ( x1 ).g ( x2 ).g ( x3 ).g ( x4 ).g ( x5 )  23
x x x x x  1
And 1 2 3 4 5
g ( x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 )  g ( 1)  1
 g ( x1 ).g ( x2 ).g ( x3 ).g ( x4 ).g ( x5 )  30 g ( x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 )
 23  30  7
 2[| sin x |  | cos x |] 

f ( x)  cos 1  2 11 
137.  sin x  2sin x  4 
( [ ] denotes greatest integer function}. Then domain of f ( x ) is the internal

 0, 2  is.
 7  11 
 0, 6  U  6 , 2   0, 2 
1) 2)
 7 11   3 11 
 , 6   , 6 
3)  6 4)  2
Key. 1
Sol. | | sin x |  | cos x | 2
 | sin x |  | cos x |  1
x  
11 7
sin 2 x  2sin x   (sin x  1) 2 
Now 4 4
7
(sin x  1) 2   2
For f to be well defined 4
1
(sin x  1) 2 
4
1 1
 sin x  1  , sin x  1  
2 2
1 3
sin x   , sin x  
2 2 (This is impossible
 7  11 
 x  0, U  , 2 
 6   6  Hence (A) is correct
138. If f ( x ) is a polynomial of degree 4 with leading coefficient one satisfying f (1)  1 , f (2)  2 ,
 f (1)  f (5) 
 
f (3)  3 then  f (0)  f (4)  ( [.] denotes GIF)
1) 0 2) 5 3) 1 4) -1
48
Key. 2
Sol. f ( x )  x  ( x  1)( x  2)( x  3)( x   )
f (1)  24(1   )  1
f (0)  6
f (4)  6(4   )  4
f (5)  24(5   )  5
 f (1)  f (5)  148 

 f (0)  f (4)    28   5
   
139.
1 2 3 k
 
A function ‘f’ defined as f ( )  ( 1)  ( 1)  ( 1)  ..........  ( 1) where    , and 1 , 2
,
 k are all divisors of  including 1 and itself such that 1 ,  2 ...... k   and 1 ,  2 ...... k  
If f ( )  4 and   60 then number of possible values of  .

1) 3 2) 6 3) 10 4) 4
Key. 1
Sol. 4  (1) 2  ( 1) 2  ( 1) 2  ( 1) 2    16  60
4  ( 1)  ( 1)  ( 1)  ( 1) 
4 2 2
  32  60
2
4  (1)  ( 1)  ( 1)  ( 1) 

6 2 2 2
  48  60
140. f ( x  1)  (1) x  1 f ( x) for x   and f (1)  f (1986) . Then sum of digits of
x 1
( f (1)  f (2)  ........  f (1985)) is

1) 4 2) 3 3) 7 4) 11
Key. 3
1985 1985 1985
 x 1
f ( x  1)   (1) x 1 x  2 f ( x)
x 1 x 1
Sol.
Since f (1)  f (1986)
1985
3 f ( x)  1  2  3  4  5.........  1985
x 1
 (1  3  .......  1985)  2(1  2  3  ......992)

993  992x993 
 (1986)  2  
2  2 
  993  993 x 992
2
= 993
1985
993
  f ( x)   331
x 1 3
Sum of digits = 3+3+1= 7
141. f ( x )  ax 2  C satisfy  4  f (1)  1 and 1  f (2)  5 then which of the following is true
1) 7  f (3)  26 2) 4  f (3)  15
49
28 35
 f (3) 
3) 1  f (3)  20 4) 3 3
Key. 1
Sol. f ( x )  ax 2  c
4  f (1)  1  4  a  c  1 ;
1  c  a  4  (1)
1  f (2)  5  1  4a  c  5  (2)
(1)  (2)  0  3a  a
0  a  3  (3)
From (1)
16  4a  4c  4
 4  4c  4a  16
From (2)
1  4a  c  5
3  3c  21  1  c  7  (4)
Now f (3)  9a  c is max of a is max and c is min

f (3) max  9(3)  1  26
f (3) min  9(0)  7  7

7  f (3)  26
2010
f ( x )  5   a2 r 1 x 2 r 1
142. Let r 1 and f ( 1)  4 then f (1) 
1) 2 2) 6 3) 5 4) 4
Key. 2
Sol.
f ( x)  5  a1 x  a3 x3  a5 x 5  ..........  a4019 x 4019
f (1)  5  a1  a3  a5 ..........  a4019  4
f (1)  5  a1  a3  a5 ..........  a4019   say
10  4      6
143. Let f ( x)  ax  b where a and b are rational numbers (where b  0 ). Such that f (1)  f (2) ,
 2 n 1
  f 2r  

 r 1 
 f ( 3) 
   where n  
f (3)  f (4) then value of   is
2
1) n 2) 1 3) 0 4) n
Key. 4
Sol. For fixed values of a and b f ( x )  ax  b is a straight line
But given f (1)  f (2) and f (3)  f (4)
50
 f (1)  f (2)  f (3)  f (4)  
 f ( x ) should be constant function  a  0
 f ( x)  b  f ( 2r )  b and f  3  b
n 2b
 n2
Given expression is b
144. A linear function that map the set {–2, 2} onto the set {0, 4} is
(A) f(x) = (x – 2) (B) f(x) = (2 – x) (C) f(x) = (2 + x) (D) (B) and (C)
Key. D
Sol. Let the linear function be
f(x) = ax + b
Let f(–2) = 0 and f(2) = 4  f(x) = x + 2
Let f(–2) = 4 and f(0) = 0  f(x) = –x + 2
The two linear function as are
f(x) = (x + 2) and f(x) = (2 – x)
145. Suppose f(x) = (x + 2) 2 for x  2 . If g(x) is the function whose graph is the reflection of the graph of
f(x) in the line y = x, then g(x) equals
1
, x2
(A)  x  2, x  0 x  2, x  0 (C) (x  2) x  2, x  2
2
(B) (D)
Key. B
Sol. y = (x + 2)2
Equation of the reflection curve in y = x is obtained by interchanging x and y in y = (x + 2) 2
 reflection curve is
x = (y + 2)2
y+2= x
y = x  2, x  0
Since x is always  2 .
log 4  log3  log 2 x    1
146. If , then x is
34 32
(A) 2 (B) 9 (C) 24 (D) 4
Key. A
log 4  log 3 log 2 x  log 3 log 2 x  4
Sol. =1 
 log 2 x  3
4 4
 x = 23
147. The value of the parameter  , for which the function f (x)  1  x,   0 is the inverse of itself, is
(A) –2 (B) –1 (C) 1 (D) 2
Key. B
51
y 1
Sol. y = 1  x  x= 
x 1
f (x) =  = f (x)  1  x
1
x 1
  = 1  x  x – 1 =   2 x
Equating the coefficient of x
 2 = 1 and  = –1
 = 1
 = –1
If f (x)  x  2bx  2c and g(x)   x  2cx  b such that min f(x) > max g(x), then the relation
2 2 2 2
148.
between b and c, is
(A) no real value of b and c (B) 0cb 2
(C) |c| < |b| 2 (D) |c| > |b| 2

Key. D
Sol. We have, f(x) = x2 + 2bx + 2c2 ; g(x) = –x2 – 2cx + b2
 f(x) = (x  b)  2c  b
2 2 2
and, g(x) = –(x + c)2 + b2 + c2

 fmin = 2c2 – b2 and gmax = b2 + c2
for, fmin > gmax  2c2 – b2 > b2 + c2
 c2 > 2b2  |c| > |b| 2
149. Let A1, A2, A3, …, A40 are 40 sets each with 7 elements and B 1, B2, …, Bn are n sets each with 7
40 n
Ai  B j  S
elements. If i 1 j1
and each element of S belongs to exactly ten of A i's and exactly 9 of
Bj's, then n equals
(A) 42 (B) 35
(C) 28 (D) 36
Key. D
Sol. n(S) × 10 = 40 × 7
n(S) = 28
28 × 9 = n × 7
n = 36
150. The number of functions f from the set A={0,1,2} in to the set B={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7} such that
f (i )  f ( j ) for i<j and i, j  A is
a)
8
C3 b)
8
C3  2(8 C2 )
52
10 10
c)
C3 d)
C4
Key. C
0 1 2
 f (0)  f (1)  f (2)
f(0)<f(1)<f(2) 8 C3
f(0)<f(1)=f(2) 8 C2
f(0)=f(1)<f(2) 8 C2
f(0)=f(1)=f(2) = 8C1
Sol.
n n  rs  0, if r  s
  rs 2r 3s 
 rs  1, if r  s
151. Find the value of r 1 s 1 where
6 n 1 n
 6  1  6  1
b) 6  1
n
a) 5 c) 5 d) none
Key. A
n
 n 

r 1
2r    rs 3s 
 s 1 
Sol.
n
  2r   r1 31   2 r 32   r 3 33  ......   r n 3n 
r 1
6 n
 2131  2232  2333  .....  2n3n  6  6 2  .....  6 n 
5
 6  1
x
 2 a
  t  8t  13 dt  x sin  
152. Consider

0
 x
and
 a, x  R   0  x takes the values for which the
  0,100
equation has a solution, then the number of values of a is ___
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
Key. C
x
 t 3 8t 2  a
   13t   x sin  
Sol. 3 2 0  x
 x2  a 
x   4 x  13  sin     0
3  x 
1 2 a

3
 x  12 x  39   sin  
x
Here x  0
 x  6   1  sin  
1 2 a

3 x
a  5 9
  or or
6 2 2 2
53
 a  3 ,15 , 27 (3 values)
153. Let f be a function defined on the set of non-negative integers and taking values in the same set. Given
that
x  f  x 
x  f  x   19    90  
i) 19   90   non-negative integers x. [x] denotes greatest integer
functions.
1900  f  1990   2000 f  1990 
ii) . Then possible values of can take.
a) 2004, 2094 b) 1804, 1994 c) 1904, 1994 d) 1894
Key. C
1900  f  1990   2000
Sol. Since
1900   f  1990    2000   f  1990  
      21     22
 90   90   90   90 
Case - I
 f  1990   x  f  x 
   21 x  f  x   19    90  
 90   19   90 
If ,
Substitute x  1990
1990   f  1990  
1990  f  1990   19    90  
 19   90 
1990  f  1990   19 104  90  21  f  1990   1904
Case – II
 f  1990  
   22
 90 
If
 1990  f  1990   19 104  90  22  f  1990   1994
g :  1,1  R
154. If is a function and the area of the equilateral triangle with two of its vertices at (0,0)
3
and (x,g(x)) is 4 , then g(x)=
 x2  1 2)  1  x
2
3)  1  x
2
4)  x
1)
Key. 2
 x  0   g  x   0  x2  g 2  x 
2 2
Sol. If a = length of a side =

3 2 3
a   x2  g 2  x   1  g  x    1  x2
Area of an equilateral triangle = 4 4
117
1
S 
155. Let r 1 2[ r ]  1 where [.] denotes the greatest integer function. The value of
S is
54
69 206 76 227
(A) 7 (B) 21 (C) 7 (D) 21
Key. A
Sol. [ 117]  10; If r  [n 2 ,(n  1)2 ) : n   then [ r ]  n
The interval [n ,( n  1) ) has 2n + 1 integers

2 2
1 1 1 1
S .3  .5  ....  .19  .18
2.1  1 2.2  1 2.9  1 2.10  1
18 69
9 
21 7 .
156. If x  [y]  {z}  1.1 [.] is G.I.F and {.} is fractional part
[x]  {y}  z  2.2
{x}  y  [z]  3.3 then
(A) x  y  z  3.3 (B) y  2x  1
(C) 2(z  1)  5y (D) {x}  {y}  {z}  0.3

Key. A, B, C, D
Sol. x  [y]  {z}  1.1 (1)
[x]  {y}  z  2.2 (2)
{x}  y  [z]  3.3 (3)
(1) + (2) + (3)
 2(x  y  z)  6.6
 x  y  z  3.3 (4)
(4)  (1)
{y}  [z]  2.2  {y}  0.2 &[z]  2
(4) – (2)
{x}  [y]  1.1  {x}  0.1, [y]  1
(4) – (3)
[x]  {z}  0  [x]  0 & {z}  0
 x  0.1

 y  1.2
z  2

 x   x   x  31
 2    3    5   30 x,
157. If 0  x  1000 and where [x] is the greatest integer less than or equal to
x, the number of possible values of x is
(A) 34 (B) 33
(C) 32 (D) none of these
Key : B
Sol :  LHS is an integer
55
 RHS is must be an integer for which x is multiple of 30.
 x  30, 60,90,120,.....,990
 Number of possible values of x is 33.
158. If f ( x)  [ x 2 ]  [ x]2 , [ ] denotes greatest integer function and x  [0, n] , n  N , then the number
of elements in the range of f ( x ) is
A) 1 B) n  1 C) n D) 2n  1
Key. D
Sol. If x  (n  1, n) then [ x]  n  1  [ x]2  ( n  1) 2
and (n  1)2  [n2 ]  n 2  1

0  [ x 2 ]  [ x]2  n 2  1  ( n  1) 2
0  f ( x )  2n  2
Since f ( x) has to be integer, range of f ( x )  {0,1, 2,3,.....2n  2}
 The number of elements in range of f is (2n  1)
5m  3  5m  3 
 
40  40 
159. If = l (mÎN, m ³ 3) and [ ] denote the G.I.F., then l can take
(A) two values (B) one value
(C) infinite values (D) four values
Key: A
5m  3 1 1 7
 ,
Hint: 40 10 (5 + 52 + 53 + ... + 5m-1 + 2) Þ l = 5 10
'a ', a   1,500  x  3  x  a  0 has

160. The sum of all positive integral values of for which the equation
solution is ([.] denote G.I.F)
(A) 462 (B) 512 (C) 784
(D) 812
Key: D
Hint: a is integer then x must be integer, i.e., [x] = x
3
a x x
1  a  500  1  x  7, x  I
 
7 2
 7.8   7.8 
3
 ai   x  x       812
x 1  2   2 
f :  0,1  R f  0  0 f  x  k f  x
161. is a differentiable function such that and for all x
  0,1 ,  k  0 
, then which of the following is/are always true ?
f  x   0, x  R f  x   0, x   0,1
(A) (B)
56
f  x   0, x   0,1 f  1  k
(C) (D)
Key: B
Hint:
 f  x   2  k2  f  x   2  0
  f '  x   kf  x    f '  x   kf  x    0

 f  x e
 kx '
 f  x e  0
kx '
 kx
 Exactly one of the functions g1  x   f  x  e or
kx
g
2
 x  f  x e
is non decreasing.
f  0  0  g g
But both function 1 and 2 have a value zero at x = 0
x   0,1 ,g  0   0 g  g  x  0  f  x  0
1 and 1 increasing 1
g  0  0 g g  x  0  f  x  0
2 and 2 decreasing 2
 f  x   0x   0,1
162. Let f be a one one function with domain = {x, y, z} and range = {1, 2, 3}. It is given that exactly one of the
f  x  1 f  y  1 f  z  2
following statements is true and the remaining two are false : , , , then
f 1
 1  ____
(1) x (2) y (3) z (4) 1
Key. 2
f  x   1  F   f  x   2 or 3
Sol.
f  y  1  F   f  y  1
f  z   2  T   f  z   1 or 3
f  x   1  x; x0
163. If
 1  x; x0
Which of the following are true ?
(1) Range of f(x) is [2, )
f  f  x 
(2) is not a one one function
y  f  f  x 
(3) Graph of is symmetric about y axis.
(4) All the above
Key. 4
f  x  1 x ; x  R
Sol.
f  f  x   f  1 x   11 x  2  x xR
4020
1 k 1 
 x   2  4020 
k 1
164. If is the greatest integral function, then is equal to
57
(1) 2010 (2) 2009 (3) 2011 (4) 2005
Key. 1
 1 k 1 
  
Sol. For k  1, 2,3...... upto 2010, the value of  2 4020  is equal to zero
 1 k 1 
 2  4020 
For k  2011 , 2010, ----- 4020, the value of =1
 The sum value is 2010.
165. Let
f  x    x
and
g  x   x   x
. Then the number of solutions of the equality (
  is G.I.F)
4 x  f  x   g  x
is
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 0

Key. 1
Sol. The given equation is
4  x   x    x   x   2  x    x
4  x  2  x    x
2  x
0   1  x  0, 5
3 3
166. If m, n (n > m) are positive integers, then number of solutions of the equation
n sin x  m cos x in [0, 2 ]

is
(1) 2 (2) 4 (3) m (4) n
Key. 2
Sol. No.of solutions = 4
1 x  f (  )  f (  2)  f   
f ( x)  ln    2    1 
167. Let  1  x  . The set of values of '  ' for which   is
satisfied are
A) (, 1)  (1, ) B) (1,1) C) (0,1) D) (1,2)
Key. B
58
 1     1   2    (1  )2 
f ()  f ()2  ln       ln  
 1     1   2   2
 1   
Sol.  
  
 1   2
    2    1   ln  (1   ) 
f   ln 
 2    1  1     1   2 
  2    1 
  
f ( )  f ( 2 )  f  
   2    1  for all values of  for which the functions are defined,
therefore
1 
 0  1    1....(1)
(i) 1 
1  2
 0  1   2  0  1    1....(2)
(ii) 1  2
From (1) and (2), we have 1    1
 The set of values of   (1,1) .
10  x  200 x 
e f ( x)  , x  (10,10) f ( x )  kf  2 
,
168. If 10  x and  100  x  then k =
A. 2 B. 10 1 1
C. 2 D. 10
Key. C
 10  x 
f ( x )  log e  
Sol.  10  x 
 200 x 
200 x  10  100  x 2   10  x 
f( )  log e    2 log    2 f ( x)
100  x 2
200 x  10  x 
 10  
 100  x 2 
169 The number of solutions of sin{x}  cos{ x} ( where {.} denotes fractional part) in [0, 2 ] is equal
. to
A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8
KEY. B
SOL. Draw Graph
170. A linear function that map the set {–2, 2} onto the set {0, 4} is
(A) f(x) = (x – 2) (B) f(x) = (2 – x) (C) f(x) = (2 + x) (D) (B) and (C)
Key. D
Sol. Let the linear function be
f(x) = ax + b
Let f(–2) = 0 and f(2) = 4  f(x) = x + 2
Let f(–2) = 4 and f(0) = 0  f(x) = –x + 2
59
The two linear function as are
f(x) = (x + 2) and f(x) = (2 – x)
171. Suppose f(x) = (x + 2) 2 for x  2 . If g(x) is the function whose graph is the reflection of the graph of
f(x) in the line y = x, then g(x) equals
1
, x2
(A)  x  2, x  0 x  2, x  0 (C) (x  2) x  2, x  2
2
(B) (D)
Key. B
Sol. y = (x + 2)2
Equation of the reflection curve in y = x is obtained by interchanging x and y in y = (x + 2) 2
 reflection curve is
x = (y + 2)2
y+2= x
y = x  2, x  0
Since x is always  2 .
2n  1 if n is even
f  n  
172. If f and g are two functions defined on N, such that 2n  2 if n is odd and
g  n   f  n   f  n  1
. Then range of g is
A) { m  N / m = multiple of 4}
B) { set of even natural numbers}
C) { m  N / m  4k  3, k is a natural number}
D) { m  N / m  multiple of 3 or multiple of 4}
Key. C
g  n   f  n   f  n  1
Sol.
If n is even, n+1 is odd.
 g  n  2n  1  2  n  1  2  4n  3
If n is odd, n+1 is even.
 g  n  2n  2  2  n  1  1  4n  3 .
173.

A function ‘f’ defined as f ( )  (1)  (1)
1
 (1)3  ..........  (1) k where    , and 1 ,  2
2
  ,  ...... k   and 1 ,  2 ...... k  

, k are all divisors of  including 1 and itself such that 1 2
If f ( )  4 and   60 then number of possible values of  .
1) 3 2) 6 3) 10 4) 4
Key. 1
Sol. 4  ( 1) 2  (1) 2  (1) 2  ( 1) 2    16  60
4  (1) 4  (1) 2  (1) 2  (1) 2    32  60
4  (1)6  (1) 2  (1) 2  ( 1) 2    48  60
60
x 1
174. f ( x  1)  (1) x  1 f ( x) for x   and f (1)  f (1986) . Then sum of digits of
( f (1)  f (2)  ........  f (1985)) is
1) 4 2) 3 3) 7 4) 11
Key. 3
1985 1985 1985

x 1
f ( x  1)   (1) x 1 x  2 f ( x)
x 1 x 1
Sol.
Since f (1)  f (1986)
1985
3 f ( x)  1  2  3  4  5.........  1985
x 1
 (1  3  .......  1985)  2(1  2  3  ......992)
993  992x993 
 (1986)  2  
2  2 
  993  993 x 992
2
= 993
1985
993
  f ( x)   331
x 1 3
Sum of digits = 3+3+1= 7
175. f ( x)  ax 2  C satisfy  4  f (1)  1 and 1  f (2)  5 then which of the following is true
1) 7  f (3)  26 2) 4  f (3)  15
28 35
 f (3) 
3) 1  f (3)  20 4) 3 3
Key. 1
Sol. f ( x )  ax 2  c
4  f (1)  1  4  a  c  1 ;
1  c  a  4  (1)
1  f (2)  5  1  4a  c  5  (2)
(1)  (2)  0  3a  a
0  a  3  (3)
From (1)
16  4a  4c  4
 4  4c  4a  16
From (2)
1  4a  c  5
3  3c  21  1  c  7  (4)
Now f (3)  9a  c is max of a is max and c is min

f (3) max  9(3)  1  26
61
f (3)min  9(0)  7  7
7  f (3)  26
2010
f ( x )  5   a2 r 1 x 2 r 1
176. Let r 1 and f ( 1)  4 then f (1) 
1) 2 2) 6 3) 5 4) 4
Key. 2
Sol.
f ( x)  5  a1 x  a3 x3  a5 x 5  ..........  a4019 x 4019
f (1)  5  a1  a3  a5 ..........  a4019  4
f (1)  5  a1  a3  a5 ..........  a4019   say
10  4      6
177. Let f ( x )  ax  b where a and b are rational numbers (where b  0 ). Such that f (1)  f (2) ,
 2 n 1 
  f 2r  
 r 1 
 f ( 3) 
f (3)  f (4) then value of 
  where n  
 is
2
1) n 2) 1 3) 0 4) n
Key. 4
Sol. For fixed values of a and b f ( x)  ax  b is a straight line
But given f (1)  f (2) and f (3)  f (4)
 f (1)  f (2)  f (3)  f (4)  
 f ( x ) should be constant function  a  0
 f ( x )  b  f ( 2r )  b and f  3  b
n 2b
 n2
Given expression is b
 min  sin x, {x} 
lim  
 sin x  1  x
x 
 x 1  is
178. If is a root of the equation then
Where [ . ]  denotes greatest integer function
{x}  fractional part of x.
1) 1 2) 0 3) does not exist 4) -1
Key. 3
Sol. LHL :
62
 min(sin x, x  [ x] 
lim  
x  
 ( x  1) 
When 1  x  
{x}  x  1  sin x
min{sin x, x  1}  x  1
 x 1
lim 1
x    x  1 
Required limit =   x  
sin x  x  1
RHL :
 sin x  sin x
lim  0 1
x   x  1 
  x 1
 sin x 
 x  1   0
Hence LHL  RHL
Limit does not exist
179. f ( x )  x 5  x 2  1 has roots x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 , x5 and g ( x )  x 2  2 then
g ( x1 ) g ( x2 ) g ( x3 ) g ( x4 ) g ( x5 )  30 g ( x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 )  ____
1) 2 2) 5 3) 7 4) 11
Key. 3
Sol. Put
g ( x)  y  x 2  2  x  y  2  f ( y  2)  0
 y 5  20 y 4  40 y 3  79 y 2  74 y  23  0
Roots are
g ( x1 ), g ( x2 ), g ( x3 ), g ( x4 ), g ( x5 )
g ( x1 ).g ( x2 ).g ( x3 ).g ( x4 ).g ( x5 )  23
And
x1 x2 x3 x4 x5  1
g ( x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 )  g (1)  1
 g ( x1 ).g ( x2 ).g ( x3 ).g ( x4 ).g ( x5 )  30 g ( x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 )
 23  30  7
180. f ( x)  x 2   x   cos x ,   ,    . The number of ordered pairs ( ,  ) for which

f ( x )  0 and f ( f ( x))  0 have same set of real roots.
1) 4 2) 6 3) 8 4) 10
Key. 1
Sol. f ( x)  x 2   x  u cos x
63
Let  be the root of f ( x)  0  f ( )  0

 f ( f ( ))  f (0)  0 ( ( is root of f ( f ( x)  0 also)
Now f (0)    0
f ( x )  x 2   x  0  x  0, x  
f ( f ( x))  f ( x 2   x )  ( x 2   x) 2   ( x 2   x)
 ( x 2   x )  x 2   x    0
Will have same root x  0, x   If

x 2   x    0 have no real roots
  2  4  0
 0    4    1, 2,3
But   0 is also satisfy
(0, 0), (0,1), (, 2)(0,3) are 4 or diff. ( ,  ) does exist.
f ( x) f ( x) = f ( 2 - x) " x Î R
181. A polynomial of 6th degree satisfies .
f ( x) = 0
If has
f ( x) = 0
four distinct and two equal roots then sum of roots of is
a) 4 b) 5 c) 6 d) 7
Key. C
\ f ( a ) = f ( 2- a )
Sol. Let  be a root of f(x) = 0
f(x) has 4 distinct and two equal roots  Sum of roots = 6
182. The number of the functions f from the set X = {1, 2, 3} to the Y = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} such that f(i) £ f(j)
for i < j and i, j Î X is
(A) 6C3 (B) 7C3 (C) 8C3 (D) 9C3
Key: D
7
Hint C3 + 2 × 7C2 + 7C1 = 9C3 .

f  x   sin  x    sin x  , 0  x 
183. 2 , where   represents the greatest integer function, can also be
represented as
 1 
 2 , 0 x
0 , 0  x 1  4
 
  1  1  1  3 ,   x  
1  sin1 , 1  x  2 
(B)  2 2 2 4
(A) 2
64
 
0 , 0 x
4

 
1 ,  x 1
0 , 0  x 1 4
 
   
sin1 , 1  x  2 sin1 , 1  x  2
(C) (D) 
Key. C

0 x
Sol. 2
 0 if 0  x  1
 x   
 1 if 1  x  
 2
 sin 0  0 if 0  x  1

 sin  x    
sin1 if 1  x 
2

0 x
We have 0  sin x  1 when 2.

  sin x   0 for 0  x 
2
 0 if 0  x  1
 sin  x    sin x   
 sin1 if 1  x  
 2
2b 2  x 2 2x 1
f (x)  ln 3  
b x 3
bx  b  x b  x
2 2
184. Domain of function is
(A) R (B) R+
b   b
R   R   b, 
(C) 2 (D)  2
Key. D
2b 2  x 2 2x 1
  0
b x
3 3
bx  b  x
2 2
bx
Sol.
2b 2  x 2 2x 1
  0
 b x
3 3
bx  b  x
2 2
bx
2x 2  3bx  b 2
0 xb
 b3  x 3
b
x  b,
 2x2 – 3bx + b2  0  2
65
185. Which of the following is a function ([.] denotes the greatest integer function, {.} denotes the fractional
part function)?
1 x!
(A) log[ 1−|x|] (B) {x}
log( x−1 )
(C) x ! {x} (D) √1−x 2
Key. C
Sol.For a, b & d Domain is Null set.
\ they are not functions.
186. If f ( x )=x 101−2 x 11 +2 x +1 and ‘g’ be the inverse of ‘f ’, then g¢ (1) is equal to
1 1
−
(A) 2 (B) 2
1 1
− < g (1)<
(C) 2 2 (D) none of these
Key. B
Sol. g [ f ( x ) ] =x
' '
Þ g [ f ( x ) ] . f ( x )=1
Þ on putting x = 0
' '
Þ g [ f ( 0 ) ] . f ( 0 ) =1
Þ g' ( 1 ) .2=1
1
g' ( 1 )=
Þ 2
1
g  r   , r  1, 2,3,.....,9,
187. Let g (x) be a polynomial of degree 8 satisfying r and
  x   x  x  x 
  1  1  2  1 3  1 ........  9  1 1
       ,x  0
f  x   x x
 1 1 1 f  1
 1    ..........  , x0 
 2 3 9 Then
g  10 
a) 50 b)45 c)5 d)50
Key. B
f  x  g  x
Sol. Notes that
f  1 f  1
 
g  10  f  10 
9
  45
1
5
x2  1
f  x 
log e  x 2  1 x  R   0 is
188. The range of function f(x) defined by ,
66
a)
 0,1 b)
 0, 2  c)
 e,   d)
 ,  
Key. C
t log t  1
g  t   g  t  
Sol. Let t  x  1 , then
2  t  1 and log t log 2 t .
t   1, e 
Thus g(t) decreases for and
e
t   e,   , g  e   e
increases for log e .
lim g  t    lim g  t   
We observe that t 1 and t 
Thus range of g is
 e,   . Hence range of f is  e,   .
189. Let f(x) be a polynomial one – one function such that
f  x  f  y   2  f  x   f  y   f  xy  , x , y  R   0 f  1  1, f   1  3
.
x
 f  x   3    f  x  dx ,
x
g x 
Let 4 0
then
g  x  0 x   0,1
a) has exactly one root for
g  x  0 x   0,1
b) has exactly two roots for
g  x   0 x  R   0
c)
g  x   0  x  R   0
d)
Key. D
1 1 1
y  f  x  f    f  x f  
 f  1  2 x  x x
Sol. Put x = y = 1 again put
 f  x   x  1  g  x   0 x  R   0
3
.
190. Let ‘m’ be the least value of the function f(x) = |x. lnx| , xÎ [e, ¥), then the number of values of x for
|x 2  4x  5|
which e = m is true is
(A) 2 (B) 4
(C) 1 (D) zero
Key. D
Sol. f(x) = Þ |x ln x|
Graph of f(x):
Obviously least value
Ocurs at x = e
\ m = |e ln e| = e.
|x 2  4x  5|
\e = e1
Þ x – 4x + 4 = 0 and x2 – 4x + 6 = 0
2
Þ x = 2 and no solution
But x = 2 Ï [e, ¥)
67
Þ No value of x is possible.
y
x
O y1/e 1 2 e
1
191. If f(x) = 2x + |x| , g(x) = 3 (2x – |x|) and h(x) = f(g(x)) then sin –1 (h (h(h(h .... h.h(x))))) is n times
(A) sin–1 (sinx) (B) x
–1
(C) sin x (D) sin–1 (|x| + 2x)
Key. C
Sol. Since f[g(x)] = x, "xÎR Þ h(x) = x
Þ sin–1 [h (h(h... h(x)))] = sin–1x
192. The range of the function defined as f(x) = cos –1({x}) is (where {x} is fractional part of x)
 
 2 ,  
(A) (B) (0, )
   
0, 2   , 
(B) (D)  2 
Key. A
 
 ,
Sol. 0  {x} < 1  x  R  1<{x}  0, so range of f(x) is  2 
1 1
  f 
193. If f(x) . f  x  = f(x) +  x  , then f(x) can be
2
(A) 1  xn (B) 1  k ln | x | , where k is a fixed real number

1
(C) 2 tan | x | (D) All of these
Key. D
1
n
Sol. Consider f(x) = 1  xn  (f(x) – 1) (f(1/x) – 1) = ( xn) ( x ) = 1
1 1
f  f 
 f(x) .  x  = f(x) +  x 
2
Consider f(x) = 1  k ln | x |
68
1 2 1 4
f  
f(x).  x  = 1  k ln | x | 1  k ln | x | = 1  k ln | x |
2 2
1 1
f    f (x) f  
 f(x)  x  x

1
Consider f(x) = 2 tan | x |
 
. 2
 1  2 tan 1 | x | 1 1
  2 tan | | 1 1
f(x) . f  x  = x = 4 tan | x |.cot | x |
1  
f   1
  1 1 
 x  2 tan | x | 2 tan 1 1  1
 1 
f(x) + | x | = 2  tan | x | cot | x | 
 cot 1 | x |  tan 1 | x | 2

=
2 cot 1 | x |.tan 1 | x | 4 tan 1 | x |cot 1 | x |
 f(x) f(1/x) = f(x) + f(1/x)
f  x   x 4  10 x 3  9 x 2  x  1
194. A function f: R  R is defined by then f is
A) A bijection B) one-one but not onto
C) Onto but not one-one D) Neither one-one nor onto
Key. D
Sol. Conceptual
x2  4x  7
f ( x)  2
195. If f : R  R and x  x  1 then f ( x ) is
(A) one-one function (B) bijective function
(C) many one function (D) Identity function
Key. C
Sol. f ( x) is monotonic function
If f ( x )  x  x 0  x  2
3 2
196.
 x  2 2  x  4 and g ( x) is even extension of f ( x) then
(A) g ( x )   x  2  4  x  2 (B) g ( x )  x  2  4  x  2
  x3  x 2  2  x  0  x3  x 2  2  x  0
(C) g ( x )   x  2  4  x  2 (D) f ( x )  x  2  4  x  2
 x3  x 2  2  x  0   x3  x 2  2  x  0
Key. A
Sol. Conceptual
cos x
f ( x) 
 2x  1
    2
197. (where x is not integral multiple of  and [.] denotes the greatest integer function)
is
69
(A) an odd function (B) an even function (C) neither odd nor even (D) none of these
Key. A
 2 x  1   2x  1 
    2        2 
Sol.  
If f ( x)  2 f (1  x )  x  2 x  R then f ( x ) is given as
2
198.
( x  2) 2
(B) x  2
2
(A) 3 (C) 1 (D) none of these
Key. A
Sol. Replace x with (1  x) in the given expression
x   x
f ( x)  xR
1  x   x
199. If (where [.] denotes the greatest integer function) then f ( R ) can not
contain
3 1 1

(A) 1 (B) 4 (C) 4 (D) 2
Key. A,B,D
Sol. Find the range of f ( x )
200. Equation of the locus of points equidistant from two points ( f ( 1), f (0), f (1)) and
( f (1), f (2), f (2)) where ‘f’ is a differentiable function satisfying the equation
f ( x  f ( y ))  f ( f ( y ))  x f ( y )  f ( x )  1, x, y  R
(a) 6 x  4 y  10 z  15  0 (b) 3 x  2 y  5 z  15  0
(c) 6 x  4 y  10 z  15  0 (d) 3 x  2 y  5 z  15  0
Key. A
f ( x  f ( y ))  f ( f ( y ))  xf ( y )  f ( x )  1  I
put x  f ( y )  0
 f (0)  f (0)  0  f (0)  1
 f (0)  1
put x  f ( y )  k in I
f (0)  f (k )  k (k )  f (k )  1
1  k 2  2 f (k )  1
 2 f (k )  2  k 2
k2
 f (k )  1 
2
x2
 f ( x)  1 
2
 f ( x)   x
1
Sol.
70
1 1
A  ,1,  , B  1, 2, 2 
2 2
Let p ( x, y, z ) be the point on the locus
 PA2  PB 2
2 2
 1  1
 x     y  1   z    ( x  1)  ( y  2)  ( z  2)
2 2 2 2
 2  2
 6 x  4 y  10 z  15  0
201. The function defined by
 xx x  1

f  x    1  x    1  x  1  x  1
 x x x 1
 is
a) an odd function b) an even function c) neither even nor odd d) even as well as odd
Key. B
Sol. Draw graph.
2  x2
The range of the function 5  4x  x
2 4
202.
 3  2
 0,1  0,   0, 
a) b)  4  c)  3 d) None of these
Key. D
1
f  x  , x2  2  t
1
x 2
 x 
Sol.
 x  2
2
, t2
1 2
max f  x   
1 5
2
2
 2
 range   0, 
min f  x   0  5
 x, if x is rational
f  x  
203. The function f(x) is defined on [0, 1] as following 1  x if x is irrational then for all
x   0,1 f f(x) is equal to
a) 0 b) 1 + x c) x d) 1
Key. C
f  f  x   f  x  x
Sol. , if x is rational.
 1  f  x   1   1  x  if x is irrational
71
 2  log10 x   2 
f  x   log100x   ,g  x    x
 x 
204. If where {} denotes the fractional part of x, then
range of g(x) for existence of fog(x) is
 1   1 
 0,100    100,200   0,  ,1
a) b)  100   100 
 1   1 1
 0,  , 
c)  100   100 10  d) None of these
Key. C
Sol. Range of g(x)  domain of f(x)
 1   1 1
 0,  , 
Domain of f(x) is  100   100 10 
9x  1   2   1995 
f  x  f  f   .........  f 
205. If 9  3 for all x  R then the sum  1996 
x
 1996   1996  is
a) 997.5 b) 997 c) 996.5 d) 996
Key. A
9x 3
f  x   f  1 x   f  x  f  x  1
Sol. 9 3
x
3  3x
  1   1995`     2   1994  
f   f    f   f  
G.E.   1996   1996     1996   1996  
  997   999    998 
........   f   f   f 
  1996   1996    1996 
1
  1  1  .............upto 99 times    997.5
2
x 2  4 x  30
f  x  2
206. The function f : R  R defined by x  8 x  18
a) injective but not surjective b) Surjection but not injective
c) Both injective and surjective d) Neither injective nor surjective
Key. D
x 2  8 x  18 is not zero for any real number because x 2  8 x  18 can be written as  x  4   2 and
2
Sol.
 x  2   26  x 2  4 x  30
2
numerator x 2  4 x  30 is also +ve because f

since take values which
are only + ve for real ' x ' . Range f is a sub set of

 0,    range f  R  f is not on to also
5 x 2  4 x  30 5
f  0   2   2 x 2  52 x  x  26
3 x  8 x  18 3 if x  0
5
 f  10    26 f
3 is not injective.
72
 y y
f  x  , x    xy
207. If  8 8 , then f(m, n) + f(n, m) = 0
A) only when m = n B) only when m  n C) only when m = - n D) for all m & n
Key. D
y y
x m x n
Sol. Let 8 8
mn
x , y  4 m  n
2
F(m, n) =

2 m2  n 2 
Similarly f(n, m) =

2 n2  m2 
= f(m, n) + f(n, m) = 0  m, n
 x
y  log sin x  
208. If  x  then the possible set of values of x and y are
x   2n, 2n   , y   0,1
A)
x   0,   , y   1
B)
    
x    2n, 2n     2n  ,  2n  1   and y   0
C) nW  2  2 
x    2n,  2n  1   and y   0,1
D) nW
Key. C
x
log sin x  sin x   0,1 and x   0,  
Sol. x
    
 x    2n, 2n     2n  ,  2n  1   and y   0
nW  2  2 

209. Let S be the set of all triangles and R be the set of positive real numbers. Then the function,
f : S  R  , F  
area of  , where   S is
A) injective but not surjective B) surjective but not injective
C) injective as well as surjective D) neither injective nor surjective
Key. B
Sol. Two triangle may have equal areas
 f is not one-one
Since each positive real number can represent area of a triangle
 f is onto
f  x  x 1 , f : R   R g x  e x ,g :  1,    R
210. and   if the function fog(x) is defined, then its
domain and range respectively are
0,   &  0,  
B) 
1,   &  0,  
A) 
 1,   & 1  ,    1,   &  , 1,  

1 1
C)  e  D) e 
Key. B
73
1  x 0  x  1
f  x  x 1  
Sol. x  1 x 1
g  x   ex x  1
1  g  x  0  g  x   1 ie  1  x  0
 fog   x   
g  x   1 g x 1 ie 0x
1  e x 1  x  0
 x
e  1 x0
domain 
  1,  
Fog is decreasing in [- 1, 0] and increasing in  0,  

1
fog  1  1 
e and fog (0) = 0
lie x   fog (x) =   range 

0, 
f  x   log 2
 2  log 2   2  log 2  16sin 2 x  1 
A) 
,1
B) 
, 2 
C)  ,1 D)   , 2 
Key. D
Sol.
 
f  x   log 2 2  log 2 16sin 2 x  1 
1  16sin 2 x  1  17
 0  log 2  16sin 2 x  1  log 2 17
 2  log 2 17  2  log 2  16sin 2 x  1  2
Now consider

0  2  log 2 16 sin 2 x  1  2 
   log  2  log 2  16sin 2 x  1   log 2 2  2
2  
the range is   , 2 
If    
f x . f y  f  x   f  y   f  xy   2 x, y  R
212. and iff(x) is not a constant function, then the value of
f(1) is equal to
A) 1 B) 2 C) 0 D) – 1
Key. B
Sol. Put x = y = 1,
 f  1 2
 3f  1  2   f  1  1 or 2
Let f(1) = 1, then put y = 1
f(x). f(1) = f(x) + f(1) + f(x) – 2
 f(x) = 1 constant function
 f  1  1
, hence f(1) = 2
 
f  x   tan x, g  f  x    f  x  
213. Let  4  , where f(x) and g(x) are real valued functions. For all possible
value of x, f(g(x)) =
74
 x 1 
tan  
A)  x 1 B) tan(x – 1) – tan (x + 1)
f  x 1 x  / 4
f  x 1
C) D) x   / 4
Key. A
   tan x  1 x 1
g  f  x    tan  x     g x 
Sol.  4  tan x  1 x 1
 x 1 
f  g  x    tan  
 x 1 .
214. Let h(x) = |kx + 5|, domain of f(x) is [- 5, 7], domain of f(h(x)) is [- 6, 1] and range of h(x) is the same
as the domain of f(x), then value of k is
1 4
A) 3 B) 5 C) 1 D) none of these
Key. D
 5  kx  5  7  12  kx  2
Sol. where  6  x  1
k
 6  x 1
2 where  6  x  1
 k = 2 {  range of h(x) = domain of f(x)}
x x
 x   1
215. The function e 1 2
x
is
A) an odd function B) an even function
C) neither an odd nor an even function D) a periodic function
Key. B
x x 2x  xe x  x x  xe x
f  x  x  1  1  1
Sol.
e 1 2 2 ex  1  
2 ex  1  
 x  xe  x x  xe x
f  x    1  1
2  e  x  1 2  e x  1
 f(-x) = f(x) for all x
 f(x) is an even function.
216. Let f: {x, y, z}  {1, 2, 3} be a one-one mapping such that only one of the following three statements
is true and remaining two are false:  
f x  2, f  y   2, f  z   1
, then
A) f(x) > f(y) > f(z) B) f(x) < f(y) < f(z) C) f(y) < f(x) < f(z) D) f(y) < f(z) < f(x)
Key. C
Sol. Case – I f(x)  2 is true, f(y) = 2 and f(z)  1 are false, then
f(x) = 1 or 3, f(y) = 1 or 3 and f(z) = 1
 f is not one-one
Case – II f(x)  2 is false, f(y) = 2 is true, f(z)  1 is false, then
f(x) = 2, f(y) = 2, f(z) = 1
 not possible
Case – III f(x)  2 is false, f(y) = 2 is false, f(z)  1 is true, then
f(x) = 2, f(y) = 1 or 3 f(z) = 2 or 3
 f(x) = 2, f(z) = 3, f(y) = 1
75
f  x   4x 3  12x
217. The image of the interval [ - 1, 3] under the mapping specified by the function IS
A) [f(+ 1), f(- 1)] B) [f(-1), f(3)] C) [- 8, 16] D) [- 8, 72]
Key. D
Sol. f(x) = 4x
 
x2  3
f '  x   12x 2  12  0
or x  1

f(x) [f(1), max (f(- 1), f(3))] = [- 8, 72]
 
f 2  x  f 2   x 
f  x   2sin 2   4cos  x    sin x. sin   cos  2x  2   4 
218. If then value of
2
A) 0 B) 1 C) – 1 D) x
Key. B
f  x   2sin 2   4cos  x    sin x.sin   cos  2x  2 
Sol.
 2sin 2   cos  2x  2   2cos  x    cos  x     2cos 2  x   
 2sin 2   2cos 2  x     1  2cos 2 x  2sin 2   2cos 2  x   
= cos 2x
 
 f 2  x   f 2   x   cos 2 2x  sin 2 2x  1
4 
 1 1
G x   x  
219. Let  a  1 2  F9x), where ‘a’ is a positive real number not equal to 1 and F(x) is an odd
function, Which of the following statements is true?
A) G(x) is an odd function
B) G(x) is an even function
C) G(x) is neither even nor odd function
D) Whether G(x) is an odd or even function depends on the value of ‘a’
Key. B
 1 1
G x   x   F x 
Sol.  a 1 2 
 1 1  ax 1  ax 1
G  x    x   F  x       F  x    x   F x 
 a 1 2  1 a  a 1 2 
x
2
 ax 11 1   1 1  1 1
 x   F  x   1  x   F x    x   F x   G  x 
 a 1 2  a 1 2   a 1 2 
 G(x) is an even function.
76

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Mathematics Functions

2. Domain & Range

Sol. It is given that 2 x + 2y = 2x, y  R

Therefore, 2x = 2 – 2y < 2  0 < 2x < 2

 log 2 0  log 2 2  log 2 2

10. If f : R  R is defined by , then the range of f= (where [x] denotes

We must have x  21x  0 and 10  x  21x  0

and 100  x  21x

(3( y  1)  4( y  1)(3( y  1)4  4( y  1)  0

25. f ( x)  Max{sin x, cos x} x   then Range of f ( x ) is.

(A) N (B) (0, ) (C) R  {0,  1,  2,  3,...} (D) R – N

28. Domain of the function f(x) =

(A) (–8, 4) (B) (,  8)  (4, )

(C) (4, 8) (D) (,  4)  (8, )

i.e., when x  8 or x > 4

29. Domain of the function

x = 0 will not satisfy the condition.

Domain is [ 3,  2]  [2, 3] .

 1 – y2 > 0  –1 < y < 1

33. The domain of the function f(x) = loge(x2 + x + 1) + sin x  1 is

(A) (–2, 1) (B) (2, ) (C) [1, ) (D) None of these

Note that (x2 + x + 1) is always positive combining, the domain is [1, ) .

When x is an integer, x – [x] = 0

(A) x  R, x not an integer (B) ( ,  2)  [1, )

(C) x  R, x  2 (D) ( ,  1]

Domain of f is (,  2)  [ 1, ) .

(A) (, ) ~ [0, tan1] (B) ( , ) ~ [tan 2, 0)

(C) [tan 2, tan1] (D) {0}

39. The inverse of

Sol. Let y = f(x) =

f(x) = (x  1)  (x  2)  (x  1)  x  2 = –2x + 4

when x  [1, 1] , f(x) = (x  1)  (x  2)  x  1  x  2

when x  [1, 2] , f(x) = (x  1)  (x  2)  x  1  x  2 = 2x + 4

 range of f(x) =[0, 3

44. If 2 f (sin x)  f (cos x )  xx   then range of f ( x) is

A)   2,1   2,3 B)   4,1   2,3

Thus  x   2 or  x  lies between – 2 and 0, i.e. [x] = - 2, - 1 or 0

The function is defined if (i) x  5  0 (ii) 1  x  5  1 and

A)  3,5 B)  3,5  C)  5,  D)  3, 

51. Minimum value of function f ( x)  x ( x  1)( x  2)( x  3) : x  R, is

(A) –2 (B) –1 (C) 1 (D) none

52. The domain of the function where [.] = G. I. F

53. The domain of the function of

Combining (A) and (B), we find that  4  x   2 or 2x4. …(B)

Hence the domain of the given function is

(i) Since sgn

54. The domain of the function

A)  0,  B) (0, 5) C)  ,0  D) None

the equation are imaginary.

A)   2,1   2,3 B)   4,1   2,3 C)  4,1   2,3 D)  2,1   2,3

Following the wavy curve method, we find

Thus  x   2 or  x  lies between – 2 and 0, i.e. [x] = - 2, - 1 or 0

Hence the range of the function is  31,   .

 y  e y2 where y2  cos  y1  and y1  log 4 x 2 .

58. The Range of the function

Now, (i) [x] = 2, 3, … i.e.   i.e. the domain of the function is 

Hence the range of the given function is   .

Sol. It is given that 2 x + 2y = 2x, y  R

 log 2 0  log 2 2  log 2 2

f  x   sin 1 x  cos1 x  tan 1 x f  x

(1)  (2) R (3) R+ (4) R–

(1) domain  (,1) , range  (,1)

(2) domain  ( , 1] , range  (,1]