Engineering Mechanics

Lecturer:
Nzar Shakr Piro
Contents:
• What is Mechanics
• Newton’s Law of Motion
1- First
2-Second
3- Third
• Newton’s Law of Attraction
• Unit of Measurement
• Force
 Mechanics:
• It is the physical science which deals with
state of rest and motion of bodies under the
action of force.

• Engineering Mechanics:
Statics.
Dynamics.
• Newton’s laws of Motion:
1. Newton’s 1st law: a particle remains at rest or continues to
move with uniform velocity (there is no unbalance force acting on
the subject. (∑F=0 )

2. Newton’s 2nd law: the acceleration of particle is proportional to

the vector sum of force acting on it, and it is in the direction of this
vector sum. ( F=ma)
• Definitions :
• Space: is the geometric region occupied by bodies whose positions are
described by linear and angular measurements relative to a coordinate
system.
• Time: is the measure of the succession of events and is a basic quantity in
dynamics.
• Equilibrium: Objects that are in equilibrium are either completely at rest or
moving at a consistent rate.
• Dynamics : The branch of the science of mechanics that deals with objects
that are not in equilibrium.
• Statics : The branch of the science of mechanics that deals with objects
those are in equilibrium.
• Mass : The amount of matter in an object. Mass gives an object weight when
it is acted upon by gravity.
• Gravity: The force of attraction between masses. Gravity is the force that
makes objects falls to the ground.
• Weight : The force of a mass due to gravity. Without gravity, objects have no
weight
• Units of measurement:
• S.I. system: (also called international system, become nearly standard
throughout the world)
Note: One Newton is the force gives an acceleration of 1m/s2 to a
mass of 1 Kg

• U.S system: (also called customary, British system, and Fps (foot ,
pound , second)
• Conversion of Units:

Conversion Factors
Unit of Unit of
Quantity measurement Equals measurement
(FBS) (SI)
Force Ib 4.448N
Mass slug 14.59Kg
Length ft 0.3048m
mile 1609.344m
mile=5280ft
Ft=12inch
• Prefixes

Example:
1km= 1000m, 1mm= 0.001m
3.28km= 3280m, 47.2mm= 0.0472m
1g= 0.001kg
1N=0.001kN, 1kN= 1000N
• Force:
Action of one body on another body which change or tends
to change motion of the body act on.
Force is a vector quantity.

• Force completely described by:

• Magnitude
• Direction
• Sense (Slope)
• Point of Application
• Force system: several forces act on a given situation.
• System of forces can be classified according to the lines of the forces
• Coplanar system: (2D, or on xy plane)
lines of action of all forces lie on the same (one) plane.

• Non-coplanar system: (3D, or on xyz plane)

lines of action of all forces do not lie on the same plan
 Force system classified according to the arrangement of the lines of
action of the forces of the system:
• Collinear : all forces of system have a common line of action

• Parallel: all action lines of the forces are parallel.

• Concurrent: the action lines of all forces of the system are intersecting
at a common point.

• Non-parallel and Non-concurrent: the action lines of all forces of the

system are not parallel and they don’t intersect at a common point.
Example 1.1
Convert 4 km/h to m/s how many ft/s is this?
Example 1.2
3
Convert the quantities 300 Ib.s and 52 slug/ft to appropriate SI units.