Overview

The Electronic Governor Controllers discussed in this chapter apply only to engine-driven generators.
These systems c of an electronic governor controller, an electromagnetic pick-up (MPU) and an actuator
(ACT) and provide engine speed

adjustment from “no load” to full load. The technical terms used in this paper are all commonly used in
the domestic ind

Taiwan and are possibly different from other usages. For example: Actuator= Executor= Actuator = ACT;
Electronic spe

controller = ESC; Electromagnetic pickup= pickup = Reluctance transmitter = MPU; Fuel supply valve =
Fuel regulator;

adjustment = Difference adjustment; etc. Please make the appropriate cross-references when you are
reading this artic

Closed-loop speed adjustment systems

The speed adjustment system is a closed loop system. What is a closed-loop system? To give an
example, when we se

conditioner to 25 °C, if the indoor temperature rises to 26°C, the air conditioner compressor will start
and produce cool

causing the indoor temperature to start dropping. When the indoor temperature decreases to 24°C the
compressor will

running and in this way the indoor temperature is maintained at 25 °C. So how does the compressor
know when to star

stop running?

Here we first analyze the components and the process of air-conditioner operation.

1. It must have a temperature regulator to control the temperature.

2. There must be an electronic sender to measure the temperature.

3. Finally, it must have an air compressor which produces cool air.

The temperature controller reads the indoor temperature value measured by the sender and the
temperature setting of

controller and continuously compares these two signals. The result of this comparison determines
whether the compres

starts or stops running. This type of constant-reading control system - Read → Compare → Output →
Read → Compar

known as a closed-loop system.

The governor controller principle is similar to the previous example, the only difference lies in that the
compressor can o

start or stop running, whereas, the electronic governor controller output current to the actuator must
be finely modulated

PID controller (detailed later) to maintain a steady speed.

Electromagnetic pick-up (MPU): measures engine speed.

Speed controller (ESC): The controller measures the speed from the frequency of the electromagnetic
pickup and

compares this with the desired setting speed, and then outputs a speed correction signal.

Actuator: receives the speed correction signal and changes the angle of the mechanical linkage to the
fuel valve.