‫جامعه الفراهيدي‬

‫هندسة االتصاالت‬
‫‪-A-‬المرحلة األولى‬

‫تقرير مقدم ضمن متطلبات االمتحان النهائي لمادة ( الرياضيات)‬

‫من قبل الطالب (ذوالفقار عالء عبد المحسن هادي)‬
Q1/ What is the Matrix ?
Sol/ Matrix is a rectangular arrangement of numbers, arranged in horizontal rows and vertical
columns.

Q2/what is the order of Matrix ?

Sol/ If a matrix has m columns and n rows, then the order is written as m × n .
Q3/ what is the type of matrix ?
Sol/ Row matrix : the is a matrix , that has only one one row . Column matrix : this is a matrix ,
that has only one column. Square matrix : this is a matrix where the numbers of rows are equal
to number of columns. Zero or null matrix : if each element of amatrix is 0 , then it called zero
or null matrix Diagonal matrix : this is a square matrix , where all elements are 0 except the
ones on the leading diagonal. Unit or ldentity matrix : A diagonal matrix , where each element
of the leading diagonal is 1 is called unit or ldentity matrix

Q4/ what is the identity matrix ?

Sol/ Additive Identity of a Matrix 0 is called the additive identity of any number because the
number does not change. Similarly, there is an additive identity of a matrix as well. If a matrix is
added to a null matrix of the same order, the matrix remains unchanged. Hence the null matrix
of the same order is called the Additive Identity of the matrix.
Q5/what is the Addition of matrix ?
Sol/ Addition of Matrix Two matrices can be added only if the order of the two matrices is the
same. To add two matrices of the same order, just add the corresponding terms.
Q6/what is the subtraction of matrix ?
Sol/ Subtraction of Matrix Two matrices can be subtracted only if the order of the two matrices
is the same. To subtract two matrices of the same order, just subtract the corresponding terms.
Q7/what is the multiplication of matrix ?
Sol/ Multiplication of Matrix by a scala

Case 1: To multiply a matrix by a scalar, just multiply each of the element of the matrix by the
scalar. Case 2: Multiplication of two matrices: Two matrices A and B can be multiplied to each
other only if the number of columns in A is equal to the number of rows in B. Number of
columns in A= 2 which is equal to the number of rows in B=2. Hence we can multiply these
matrices.

Q8/what is the Exponential functions ?

Sol/Exponential functions : If a is a positive number and x is any number, we define the
exponential function as:
y=aˣ wiyh domain:-∞< x 0
Range: y>0

Q9/what is the Logarithm functions ?

Sol/ Logarithm function : If a is any positive number other than 1, then the logarithm of x to the
base a denoted by : y = log ₐx where x > 0

Q10/what is the trigonometric functions ?

Sol/ Trigonometric functions : When an angle of measure 0 is placed in standard position at the
center of a circle of radius r, the trigonometric functions of 0 are defined by the equations:
Sinθ= y/r = 1/cscθ Cosθ= x/r=1/secθ
tanθ=y/x=1/cotθ=sinθ/cosθ .