The Objectives of the Study:

Primary: To correlation the material impact used in aircraft planes in relation to flight performance.
Specific:
a) To compare the materials used in the Tora-Tora and Boeing 777X aircrafts
b) To compare the material used of aircraft, ships, and houses
c) To identity the reason on why materials change in aircrafts
d) To analyze how the materials are used in the architectural design of an aircraft

Scope and Delimitations:

The scope of the study only focuses on the materials used in the Tora-Tora and Boeing 777X
aircrafts and the comparison of the materials used in the aircraft. To correlate the effectiveness of the
materials used in both aircrafts in relation to their flight performance.
The delimitation of the study are the other types of aircrafts such as Airbus, Cessna, Military planes,
etc. This study will also not discuss the geographical origin of the materials. The study will avoid
discussing about the internal parts of an aircraft such the engines, machineries within and the
equipment inside an aircraft.

Significance of the Study:

The study benefits the following:

a. The school, WCC

The school will benefit from the study in the means of informing on how material impact
used in aircraft is connected and correlated to the flight performance as well as to avoid
material problems in their aircrafts.

b. The administrators, Staff of the school

This study benefits the instructors to guide the students about material impact used in aircraft
planes affects correlation to the flight performance in order for them to have a better
understanding in their aviation studies.’
 c. The future researchers
The future researchers can benefit from this research because this can help give information
and can serve as a basis to their related topics and to also widen their ideas about this specific
study.

d. The future students

The future students can benefit from this study because they can gain new knowledge about
material impact used in aircraft planes in correlation to the flight performance.

Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature and Studies

Related Literature:
1. Siddiqui, T. (2015). Aircraft materials and analysis. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education
LLC.
2. National Research Council. (1992). Aeronautical Technologies for the Twenty-First Century.
Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
3. Bhat, B. N. (2018). Aerospace materials and applications. Reston, VA: American Institute of
Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.
4. Mouritz, A. P. (2012). Introduction to aerospace materials. Oxford (GB): Woodhead publ.
5. Quinlivan J.T., Fenbert H.R. (1995) Composite Applications in Commercial Transport
Aircraft. In: Prasad P.N., Mark J.E., Fai T.J. (eds) Polymers and Other Advanced Materials.
Springer, Boston, MA
6. Niu, M. C.-Y. (1992). Composite airframe structures. Conmilit Press.
7. CHAWLA, K. R. I. S. H. A. N. K. (2012). Composite Materials: science and engineering.
S.l.: SPRINGER NATURE.
8. Smith, Z. (2005). Advanced composite techniques: lightweight moldless techniques for the
aircraft homebuilder. Napa, CA: Aeronaut Press.
9. Marshall, A. C. (2007). Composite basics. Tabernash, CO: Aircraft Technical Book Co.
10. PRASAD, N. E. S. W. A. R. A. (2017). Aluminum-Lithium Alloys. Place of publication not
identified: BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD.
11. Barbero, E. J. (2018). Introduction to composite materials design. Boca Raton, FL: CRC
Press, Taylor & Francis.
12. Smith, Z. (2005). Understanding aircraft composite construction: basics of materials and
techniques for the non-engineer. Napa, CA: Aeronaut Press.
13. Zhang, S., & Zhao, D. (2016). Aerospace Materials Handbook. CRC Press.
14. BREUER, U. L. F. P. A. U. L. (2018). Commercial Aircraft Composite Technology. Place of
publication not identified: SPRINGER.
15. Esp, B. (2017). Practical analysis of aircraft composites. United States: Grand Oak
Publishing.
16. Raj, A. K. (2016). Aeromaterials: material choice for structures and engines. North
Charleston, SC: CreateSpace.
17. Baker, A. A., & Scott, M. L. (2016). Composite materials for aircraft structures. Reston, VA:
AIAA/American Institute of Aeronautics, Inc.
18. Vlot, A. (2011). Glare: history of the development of a new aircraft material. Dordrecht:
Springer.
19. Peery, D. J. (2013). Aircraft Structures. Newburyport: Dover Publications.
20. National Research Council. 1993. Materials Research Agenda for the Automobile and
Aircraft Industries. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
21. Sterkenburg, R., & Wang, P. H. (2014). Structural composites: advanced composites in
aviation. Weyers Cave, VA: Avotek Information Resources.
22. Titterton, G. F. (1956). Aircraft materials and processes. New York: Pitman Pub. Corp.
23. Potter, K. (1997). An introduction to composite products: design, development and
manufacture. London: Chapman & Hall.
24. Nicolais, L., Meo, M., & Milella, E. (2011). Composite Materials a Vision for the Future.
London: Springer London.
25. Woodhead Publishing. (2016). Advanced Composite Materials for Aerospace Engineering:
Processing. Cambridge.
26. Saha, P. K. (2017). Aerospace manufacturing processes. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor et
Francis Group.
27. Srinivasan, M. M., Bowers, M. R., & Gilbert, K. C. (2014). Lean Maintenance Repair and
Overhaul: changing the way you do business. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
28. Niu, C. (2005). Composite airframe structures: practical design information and data. Hong
Kong: Conmilit Press.
29. Gay, D. (2015). Composite Materials: Design and Applications. CRC Press.
 30. Schijve, J. (2014). Fatigue of structures and materials. Springer.

Related Studies:
1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/aircraft-material.pdf
2. https://www.faa.gov/about/initiatives/maintenance_hf/library/documents/media/human_facto
rs_maintenance/the_material_requirements_planning_system_for_aircraft_maintenance_and
_inventorycontrol.a_note.pdf
3. https://www.iata.org/publications/Documents/BIPAD.pdf
4. http://home.iitk.ac.in/~mohite/Basic_construction.pdf
5. https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/cnst/New-Steel-Presentation-Furdek.pdf
6. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311750391_A_Survey_of_Aircraft_Materials_Desi
gn_for_Airworthiness_and_Sustainability
7. https://www.britannica.com/technology/airplane/Materials-and-construction
8. https://www.open.edu/openlearn/science-maths-technology/engineering-and-
technology/aeroplane-design-and-engineering
9. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331961000_Nature_of_the_Materials_for_Mod
ern_Airplane_Parts
10. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/boeing-787-dreamliner
11. https://howthingsfly.si.edu/ask-an-explainer/what-kinds-materials-are-used-make-aircraft
12. http://home.iitk.ac.in/~mohite/Basic_construction.pdf
13. http://164.100.133.129:81/econtent/Uploads/ACD2501_Day%206_Aircraft_Structures.pdf
14. http://www.scielo.mec.pt/pdf/ctm/v20n3-4/v20n3-4a11.pdf
15. https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/cnst/New-Steel-Presentation-Furdek.pdf
16. https://www.britannica.com/technology/airplane/Materials-and-construction
17. https://www.nap.edu/read/2035/chapter/11#191
18. http://www2.mae.ufl.edu/haftka/structures/FAA.pdf
19. https://www.aircraftspruce.com/catalog/pdf/13-05909.pdf
20. https://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/aero/pdf/parts_of_an_airplane_9-12.pdf
21. http://www.afahc.ro/ro/afases/2012/air_force/Nedelcu_Redon.pdf
22. https://www.dlr.de/fa/Portaldata/17/Resources/dokumente/institut/2004/2004_03.pdf
23. http://www.ksu.lt/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/M6-Selected-pages-Materials-and-
Hardware.pdf
24. https://www.boeing.com/commercial/aeromagazine/articles/qtr_4_06/article_04_2.html
25. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4407049.pdf
26. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.504.9323&rep=rep1&type=pdf
27. https://www.icas.org/media/pdf/Workshops/2011/ICAS%20Workshop%20presentation
%2004%20Abe.pdf
28. https://pritamashutosh.wordpress.com/2012/10/04/materials-used-in-aircraft-2/
29. https://www.polyu.edu.hk/aado/aa/filemanager/en_event/happygathering/Presentation%20-
%20the%20history%20of%20aircraft.pdf
30. https://www.iare.ac.in/sites/default/files/PPT/asd%20final%20ppt_0.pdf