Hints that an author gives to help define a difficult or unusual word within a book.

The clue may appear within the same sentence as the word to which it refers or it may
follow in the next sentence.

A word or phrase that has been defined by
the author.
A chimera is a mythical creature with
body parts from various animals.
Haberdashery, which is a store that sells
men’s clothing, is becoming more common
today.
A word or phrase that shares the same
meaning with another word or phrase
We all agreed that the spicy tomato soup
was very savory.
My opponent’s argument is fallacious,
misleading – plain wrong.

A word or phrase that shares the opposite
meaning with another word or phrase.
The gorilla is often gentle, but it can also be
ferocious.
Although some men are loquacious, others
hardly talk at all.
Words or phrases used as examples to
illustrate the subject in the sentence.
Constellations, like the famous group of
stars named Orion, can be seen on a clear
night.
Celestial bodies, such as the sun, moon,
and stars, are governed by predictable laws.
Choose the correct meaning of the underlined word, and identify the type of context clue used.

1. Our baseball team's pitcher has a few eccentric habits, such as throwing exactly thirteen warm-up pitches and
never wearing socks._______________ A. normal B. strange C. messy
2. After the heavy rains, the stream became murky; in fact, the water was so cloudy you couldn't see the bottom.
_______________ A. cloudy B. bottomless C. clear
3. The debris on the stadium floor included numerous paper cups, ticket stubs, and cigarette butts.
_______________ A. products B. papers C. trash
4. The coach takes every opportunity to censure his players, yet he ignores every opportunity to praise them.
_______________ A. approve B. criticize C. choose
5. The newlyweds agreed to be very frugal in their shopping because they wanted to save enough money to buy a
house. _______________ A. economical B. wasteful C. interested
6. Although Alex usually looks unkempt, he had a very neat appearance at his job interview.
_______________ A. orderly B. handsome C. messy
7. People used plants to make colorful dyes. The dyes were used to color cloth.
_______________ A. flag B. colorings C. dry
8. The bird sang from the bough of the tree. Then the bird hopped to another branch and sang some more.
_______________ A. tree B. trunk C. branch
9. Jay came bounding over the flowers into the yard. He should not jump over the flowers.
_______________ A. leaping B. crawling C. marching
10. When alarmed the puppy hides under the bed. The frightened puppy will not come out.
_______________ A. happy B. scared C. crawled
11. Jennifer had a scowl on her face. She was unhappy about her grades.
_______________ A. stare B. smile C. frown
12. Bill’s voice rose to a holler. His dad heard the yell across the room.
_______________ A. shout B. hollow C. whisper
13. The land was claimed for France. France ruled it for hundreds of years.
_______________ A. to make sounds B. to live in a new country C. the right to own
14. The bees buzz, the hen clucks, the sheep bleats, and the cow moos.
_______________ A. say baa baa B. runs fast C. has wool
15. When the flamingo was frightened she flew up in the air.
_______________ A. fish B. bird C. rabbit
16. Adventure stories thrilled the boy. He became very excited.
_______________ A. surprised B. excited C. displeased
17. The stories her grandfather told her of his travels were interesting to the child. She could not wait to hear more.
_______________ A. dull B. uninteresting C. holding a person’s attention
18. In the United States of America there are meadows called praires. The land is very flat in these areas.
_______________ A. flat land B. wetland C. dry land
19. For a brief moment there was silence. It was a short time.
_______________ A. long B. short C. rude
20. I donated books that I no longer wanted. I hope the books I gave will go to someone who will enjoy them.
_______________ A. read B. dump C. give
Directions: read each sentence and determine the meaning of the word using cross sentence clues or your prior
knowledge. Then, explain what clues in the sentence helped you determine the word meaning.

1. Dignity: Even when the police officers put the handcuffs on my mother, she maintained her dignity, holding her head
up high as she was marched off the protest site.
Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________
What clues in the sentence lead you to your definition?

2. Splendid: The rays from the rising sun shined splendidly through our kitchen window.
Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________
What clues in the sentence lead you to your definition?

3. Particle: John was so hungry that he didn’t leave a single particle of the muffin on the plate.
Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________
What clues in the sentence lead you to your definition?

4. Elegant: Cassie took her time when she wrote in cursive, slowly making each word out of an elegant series of arcs
and loops.
Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________
What clues in the sentence lead you to your definition?

5. Injustice: Kevin thought that it was a great injustice that girls could wear earrings in the school while the boys could
not.
Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________
What clues in the sentence lead you to your definition?

6. Decline: After Gears of Pain 6 came out, the amount of people playing Gears of Pain 5 declined.
Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________
What clues in the sentence lead you to your definition?

7. Paradise: When Rex had a bone, a warm spot to lie, and someone petting him, he was in paradise.
Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________
What clues in the sentence lead you to your definition?

8. Fascinate: Alvin went to the museum every Saturday because he was so fascinated by art.
Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________
What clues in the sentence lead you to your definition?

9. Yearn: Even though John had a good job and a nice family, he yearned for more.
Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________
What clues in the sentence lead you to your definition?

10. Seldom: Since professional athletes have to stay in peak physical shape, most athletes seldom eat junk food.
Definition: ___________________________________________________________________________
What clues in the sentence lead you to your definition?
 A wealth of words with multiple meanings exist in the English language. Technically,
almost every word has multiple meanings. How often do you look up a word in the
dictionary and find only one meaning listed next to it? Practically never!
Most words have slightly varying meanings, or they can be used as different parts of
speech. For now, let's focus on words that have multiple meanings in a broader sense.
Together, let's explore homonyms, homophones, and homographs.

Homonyms are words that
have the same spelling and
pronunciation, but different
meanings.
Crane
That bird is a crane.
They had to use a crane to lift
the object.
Date
Her favorite fruit to eat is
a date.
Joe took Alexandria out on
a date.
Engaged
They got engaged on March
7th.
The students were
very engaged in the
presentation.
Homophones are words that Homographs are words that
have the same pronunciation, are spelled the same, but
but different spellings and have different pronunciations
meanings. and meanings.
Minute
Ate/Eight That is only
Together, we ate three large
a minute problem.
pizza pies. Wait a minute!
There were eight of us in
total. Read
She is going to read the
Band/Banned book later.
Let's go watch my He read the book last night.
favorite band perform at the
theatre. Wind
We banned together in The wind swept up the
support of her new music. leaves.
Blew/Blue Wind the clock up before
Caleb blew out his birthday you go to bed.
candles.
I can't believe he
bought blue suede shoes.
Read the definitions and sentences. Write the number of the definition that matches the bold print word in each sentence.

CABIN
1. a small log house 2. a small house for vacation 3. a small room on a ship 4. where the crew sits on the plane

1. _____ Timmy went to the pilot’s cabin to see his uncle.

2. _____ We rented a cabin on a lake.
3. _____ Lina was born in a log cabin.
4. _____ the boat’s cabin was large enough for two people.

ADDRESS
1. to speak to 2. to put energy into doing something 3. to write on an envelope where it should be delivered
4. a speech 5. the location of the building 6. the writing on an envelope that tells where to be delivered

5. _____ The Gettysburg Address is a well-known speech by Abraham Lincoln.

6. _____ The mail carrier couldn’t read the address on the envelope.
7. _____ The President will address the country tomorrow.
8. _____ I still have three more postcards to address.
9. _____ The mayor will address the problem at the next meeting.
10. ____ When we moved, we got a new address.

BANK
1. a place to invest or store money 2. the land along a body of water

11. _____ I deposited my paycheck at the bank.

12. _____ We have a barbeque at the bank of a river.

FINE
1. of high quality 2. small or delicate 3. a sum of money owed

13. _____ The barber prefers to use a fine comb.

14. _____ Yesterday, I paid the fine for the carpool violation.
15. _____ My grandmother brought out the fine china for our guest.

MATCH
1. something that corresponds with another 2. a game or contest 3. a thin piece of wood used to light a fire

16. _____ Let’s light a match for those candles.

17. _____ The soccer match was cancelled due to rain.
18. _____ Those shoes make a great match for this outfit.

ROCK
1. a genre of music 2. to sway back and forth

19. _____ You can rock the cradle to help the baby fall asleep.
20. _____ My favorite road trip songs are classic rock.
Choose the correct meaning of the words in bold according to the context in which they appear.

1. The questions can be answered in any order.

a) the arrangement or sequence of a group of things in relation to each other
b) a command given by a person in authority
c) a request for a product to be delivered to you
2. Assignments are taken into consideration in awarding the final grade, so they do count.
a) to calculate the quantity of things or people there are in a group
b) to be valuable or important
c) to say numbers in order
3. The nature of the task will demand a person with a lot of experience in this particular field.
a) a combination of qualities or features that define a thing
b) the physical world, including all living things and features such as the land, the oceans, and the weather
c) the character of a person or animal
4. Fatigue is one of the most common causes of road accidents.
a) frequent
b) belonging to or used by a group of people
c) ordinary or usual
5. The whole point of this law is to protect the rights of individuals.
a) an idea or opinion that forms part of an argument or discussion
b) the aim of or reason for something
c) a precise moment in time or in the development of something
6. Investing in this company should provide an excellent return.
a) go back to one place from another place
b) profit on money invested
c) restarting an activity after not doing it for some time
7. Police arrested 15 people in a security operation in the capital.
a) the process of cutting into a human body for medical purposes
b) a business, company or organization
c) a planned action for a particular purpose
8. There are still numerous one-party states around the world.
a) the condition of a person or thing at a particular time
b) a country or nation
c) an area within a country that has its own legal and political powers
9. Young people today have a greater degree of independence than 30 years ago.
a) an amount of something
b) a unit for measuring the size of an angle
c) a recognition awarded by a university
10. The government plans to introduce a system of identity cards.
a) to bring a plan, product, or system into operation for the first time
b) to tell an audience about a performance or speaker they are going to see or hear
c) to formally tell people each other’s names when they meet for the first time
 Print media is one of the oldest and basic forms of communication. It
includes newspapers, weeklies, magazines, monthlies, banners & graphics,
posters and other forms of printed material
 The contribution of print media in providing information and transfer of
knowledge is remarkable. Even after the advent of electronic media, the print
media has not lost its charm or relevance.
 Print media has the advantage of making a longer impact on the minds of the
reader, with more in-depth reporting and analysis.
 Magazines and newspapers are the dominant traditional print media used in
advertising. Brochures, flyers and other collateral pieces also are sometimes
referred to as print collateral. While digital media expansion has affected use of
print, it remains a viable way to advertise.
 Primary strengths of print relative to digital include tangibility, an enduring
message and high credibility. Some people prefer to read media in print as
opposed to digital formats.
Supply with the correct answers using the information from the newspaper article.

Title of the article: _________________________________________________________________________________

Who is/ are involved (individuals, groups, things): ________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

When (date of event) _______________________________________________________________________________

Where in the country: ______________________________________________________________________________

What is going on? _________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

Why is this event newsworthy? _______________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________
Supply with the correct answers using the information from the travel brochure.

1. What place is highlighted in the brochure? _______________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

2. The city is known as?________________________________________________________________________

3. What is the biggest draws of the city?___________________________________________________________

4. What are the secluded and less commercial beaches in the city?______________________________________

5. What is the city’s pride? _____________________________________________________________________

An Editorial Cartoon, also known as a political cartoon, is an illustration containing a
commentary that usually relates to current events or personalities. An artist who draws such
images is known as an editorial cartoonist.

Political cartoons can be very funny, especially if you understand the issue that they're commenting
on. Their main purpose, though, is not to amuse you but topersuade you. A good political cartoon
makes you think about current events, but it also tries to sway your opinion toward the cartoonist's
point of view.

1. Philippine Government - president, Philippine flag

2. freedom and democracy - flying eagle
3. warfare - hawk
4. fetus, baby - new generation
5. peace - dove, olive branch, peace symbol
6. victory - wreath of laurels
7. time - hourglass, big clock
8. death - skull and crossbones
9. danger - cliff, falling objects, skull and
crossbones, dark shades
10. hope - rainbow
11. slow pace - snail, turtle
12. wealth and power - money bags, large and fat people
13. weak - small, thin people
14. court - bench
15. corrupt - crocodile
16. typewriter - press
Analyze the editorial cartoon and answer the questions that follow.

1. What are the symbols used in the editorial cartoon?

a. ________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What issue is evident in the editorial cartoon?

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What is the meaning/message of the editorial cartoon?

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Do you agree with the idea of the one who made this?
________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________