AIR POLLUTION

Our environment is consist of different elements among all of these air is one of the
most essential one. Air is a mixture of different gases and other tiny particles. We
depend on air in many ways. For our survival we need to breath during breathing we
inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. We live in an ocean of air. Different harmful
gases, smokes, germs, bacteria and many other harmful elements are mixing in air in
different ways. When these happen we call it air pollution. Smokes from different
motorized vehicles, mills and factories are mixing in air daily. Germs and bacteria from
garbage bin also spread in air which may causes different diseases of human beings.
Execrating and urinating here and there also another reason of air pollution. Excessive
use of insecticides in crop field is a reason of air pollution even coughing and spitting
here and there is also a reason of air pollution. Trees are the best friends of human
beings we inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide like us trees inhale carbon dioxide
and exhale oxygen so we are inter interrelated with trees. We use oxygen through
breathing for our survival and the same way trees use carbon dioxide for preparing
their food. But we are destroying one of our most important elements of environment
by cutting down trees. High growth of population is another reason which also causes
air pollution because more people are using more things and producing more garbage
as a result our most important element of environment is in risk so it is our duty to
ensure an air pollution free environment. We should not use defected vehicles, mills and
factories should use smoke filter, we should not throw garbage here and there instead
of using dustbin. We should be conscious of air pollution so that we can ensure an air
pollution free environment. Self-awareness may reduce air pollution. 

Gender Discrimination

Gender discrimination is the difference between male and female in respect of enjoying
rights. It is a great social problem in Bangladesh. Female children are the worst
sufferers of this and it is very much shocking that it beings at birth. There are many
causes behind it. Social prejudices and customs tend our male dominated society to
degraded women’s position. Religious misinterpretation and social structures also
contribute to it. Besides, the parents think that the male can contribute more to the
family. So, from the very early stage, parents take more care in all respect for the male
children. The consequences of gender discrimination is very harmful. The female
develop a mental complexity of being inferior. They cannot think that they are perfect
human beings. On the other hand, female education is greatly hamper and the female
population fall a serious victim to our evil dowry system. However, this problem cannot
be solved overnight. For this our outlook towards the girls should be changed. It should
be well established that women are equal partners to men. Proper education should be
ensured for both male and female child. Above all, we will be able to come out of this
social curse only when we will realize the fact properly that women are not merely
women, rather they are human beings.

Traffic Jam
Traffic jam is a common affair in the big cities and towns. It is one of the major problems
of modern time. The causes of traffic jam are many. In proportion to our population
roads have not increased. The roads are all the same. There are many unlicensed
vehicles which should be brought under control. The drivers are not willing to obey the
traffic rules. They want to drive at their sweet will. Overtaking tendency also causes
traffic ham. The number of traffic police is insufficient. At office time traffic jam is
intolerable. Sometimes traffic jam is so heavy that it blocks half a kilometre. It kills our
valuable time and our works are hampered. It causes great sufferings to the ambulance
carrying dying patients and the fire brigade vehicles. However, this problem can be
solved by adopting some measures. Well planned spacious roads should be constructed.
One way movement of vehicles should be introduced. Traffic rules should be impost
strictly so that the drivers are bound to obey them. Sufficient traffic police should be
posted on important points. Unlicensed vehicles should be removed. After doing all
these things we can hope to have a good traffic system for our easy and comfortable
movement.

My Visit to a Historical Place.

A historical place means a place which bears the testimony of history. It surely has some
important past event worth notable in history. A visit to a historical place is not only
interesting and exiting but also educative. It is my spontaneous habit to visit the
historical places of our country whenever I get time and chance because it gives me
much pleasure. Last winter, I visited Bagerhat, a historical place. The place is famous for
the Shat Gombuj Mosque and the Mazar of Khan Jahan Ali. I along with my two friends
started our journey on the fixed day, and reached the destination by eight hours'
journey. When we reached there it was night. So, we spent the night at a residential
hotel in Bagerhat. Next morning we went out to visit the Shat Gombuj Mosque and the
Majar of Khan Jahan Ali. It is three miles away from Bagerhat and we reached there by
rickshaw. We were surprised to see the architectural structures of the mosque. It stands
on sixty pillars and has seventy seven exquisitely curved domes. The area of mosque is
very large and charming. There is a long tank near the mosque named ‘Ghoradighi’. The
mosque has been declared as a world heritage site. In fact, this mosque is one of the
greatest tourist attractions of Bangladesh. We came to know that this mosque was used
not only as a prayer hall but also as a court of justice. We also felt ecstasy to see the
unique design of the Mazar of Khan Jahan Ali. It stands on a raised ground. The tomb is
made of cutting stone. There is a big tank in front of the mazar. There are some
crocodiles in this big tank. When the caretaker called them, they came near. It was very
interesting. Then we visited many social works of Khan Jahan Ali such as roads, public
buildings, etc. It was a great pleasure for me to be at Bagerhat. It was indeed a
rewarding visit. The sweet memory of this visit will remain ever fresh in my mind.

A winter morning
A winter morning is misty and cold. There is fog everywhere. Sometimes sun is not
seen because fog is very dense. Everything looked hazy. Nothing is seen clearly and
people especially poor people suffer a lot. The road accident is high in winter
morning because the road is not clearly seen for dense fog. The villagers gather
straw and make fires to warm themselves. And people bask in the sun. In winter
morning people like to eat various kinds of pitha. Children get up late. And morning
school is very difficult for them. But the farmer and other poor people get up early in
the morning and go to there work. They worked all day long. In winter they suffer a
lot because they do not have good dress to save themselves from biting cold. They
do not enjoy that morning. So it is very difficult for them. In cities, people get up late
and they remain busy in taking breakfast quickly. For this reason they are not enjoy
the scenery of a winter morning. When the fog gradually disappears everyone go to
their work. A winter morning is very enjoyable to me.

DIALOGUE:

Myself: Hello, Hasan. How are you?

Hasan: I’m very busy with writing a report.
Myself: On what topic?
Hasan: Air Pollution.
Myself: It’s a very important topic these days.
Hasan: Would you please discuss it with me?
Myself: O sure. Pollution is the state (অবস্থা) of being dangerously dirty. Air pollution is
the state of air which is not normal and fresh, but rather unhygienic (অস্বাস্থ্যকর) and
harmful to health.
Hasan:  I know air pollution is caused mainly by smoke from vehicles, factories, power
station, cooking, burning of fossil fuels, trash, melting pitch, brick-kiln ( ইটের ভাটা) and so
on.
Myself: Yes, you are right. Carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon
monoxide, lead, mercury etc. are some of the great pollutants (দূষক).
Hasan: Big cities and towns are more air polluted than any other places.
Myself: It has great adverse effect (বিরূপ প্রতিক্রিয়া) on our life.
Hasan: Yes. It can cause disease, kill plants, and damage structures.
Myself: Broadly speaking, it causes respiratory infections, heart disease, stroke, lung
cancer, difficulty in breathing, wheezing (গলার ও বুকের শব্দ), coughing, asthma (হাঁপানী) etc.
Hasan: Environment pollution is also caused by it. It is necessary to prevent air
pollution for our healthy and disease free life.
Myself: We know we are responsible for this.
Hasan: So it is we who need to use technologies and strategies (কৌশল) to prevent air
pollution.
Myself: Instead of using fossil fuels like coal and oil, we must use renewable
energy(নবায়নযোগ্য শক্তি) like wind power, solar power, hydro power etc.
Hasan: Right you are. Hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles will not cause any air
pollution.
Myself: Consciousness is also necessary. Garbage (আবর্জ না) and rotten things create
odor(গন্ধ) with which we can treat hygienically (স্বাস্থ্যসম্মত উপায়ে ব্যবহার করা) to prevent air
pollution.
Hasan: We shouldn’t forget tree plantation in this regard.
Myself: Thank you, Hasan. See you next.