Analysis Assumption:

1. Cantilever frame analysis is used. Portal frame is not acceptable since framing is not uniform (RD frame has one girder o

60 kN G H

3.5 90000 90000

40 kN D E F

3.5 90000 90000 90000

A B C

3 3

@2f

60 kN G H 60.00 kN G

1.75 90000 90000 1.75

V(BC)= 30.00

EF= 35
T(BC)= 35.00

CB= 35
T(EF)= 1.00 T(CB)

1.5

3.0

60 kN G H
 3.5 90000 90000

40 kN D E F

1.75 90000 90000 90000

EF=

DE
64.16667 GH

3.00

9.333333
D frame has one girder only, while 2f has 2 girders). Usage of specific analysis should be within its limit. Read our reference book when

T(CF)= 30.00
1.50 H

V(CF)= 35.00 V(CF)= 35.00

V(EF)= 30.00

T(EF)= 35.00

T(BC)= 35.00
 V(BC)= 30.00 V(BE)= 29.17

40.00 kN D
T(BE)= 75.00

V(AB)= -5.00 V(DE)=

0 AB T(AB)= 64.17 T(DE)=

1 AB

T(AB)= 64.17

V(AB)= -5.00 33.00 V(DE)=

8.25
40.00

T(AB)= 64.17
V(AB)= -5.00
M(AB)= -8.75
d our reference book when portal frame method is applied.

140

T(EF)= 35.00
 V(EF)= 30.00 V(EH)= 64.17

E F
T(EH)= 55.00

50.00 V(GH)= 55.00

0.00 T(GH)= 64.17

T(DE)= 0.00 T(GH)= 64.17

50.00 V(GH)= 55.00

B C

T(DE)= 0.00 T(GH)= 64.17

V(DE)= 50.00 V(GH)= 55.00
M(DE)= 87.50 M(HG)= 96.25
Second Floor
Girder Dead Load Unit Weight = 25 kN/m3 fc'= 32 MPa
Clear Length B H w(DL) w(SDL) w(LL) Weight Stiffness
Member
m mm mm kN/m kN/m kN/m kN Beam
GH 2.7 250 400 2.5 16 12 5.25E+10
DE 2.7 250 400 2.5 24 16 5.25E+10
EF 2.7 250 400 2.5 16 12 5.25E+10

GH

w(TDL)= 18.5
GD w(LL)= 12 HE

2.7

Dead Load Live Load

JOINT G H JOINT G H
MEMBER GH HG MEMBER GH HG
DF 0.72 0.72 DF 0.72 0.72
FEM -11.24 11.24 FEM -7.29 7.29
DIST 8.08 -8.08 DIST 5.24 -5.24
CO -4.04 4.04 CO -2.62 2.62
DIST 2.91 -2.91 DIST 1.89 -1.89
CO -1.45 1.45 CO -0.94 0.94
DIST 1.04 -1.04 DIST 0.68 -0.68
CO -0.52 0.52 CO -0.34 0.34
DIST 0.38 -0.38 DIST 0.24 -0.24
CO -0.19 0.19 CO -0.12 0.12
DIST 0.14 -0.14 DIST 0.09 -0.09
CO -0.07 0.07 CO -0.04 0.04
DIST 0.05 -0.05 DIST 0.03 -0.03
CO -0.02 0.02 CO -0.02 0.02
DIST 0.02 -0.02 DIST 0.01 -0.01
CO -0.01 0.01 CO -0.01 0.01
DIST 0.01 -0.01 DIST 0.00 0.00
MOMENT -4.93 4.93 MOMENT -3.20 3.20
SHEAR 24.98 24.98 SHEAR 16.20 16.20
REACTION 24.98 24.98 REACTION 16.20 16.20
GD DE HE

w(TDL)= 26.5
D w(LL)= 16 E

RDL= 32.21 2.7 RDL=

DA RLL= 21.97 EB RLL=

Dead Load
JOINT D E F
MEMBER DE ED EF FE
DF 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.72
FEM -16.10 16.10 -11.24 11.24
DIST 9.04 -2.73 -2.73 -8.08
CO -1.36 4.52 -4.04 -1.36
DIST 0.77 -0.27 -0.27 0.98
CO -0.13 0.38 0.49 -0.13
DIST 0.08 -0.49 -0.49 0.10
CO -0.25 0.04 0.05 -0.25
DIST 0.14 -0.05 -0.05 0.18
CO -0.02 0.07 0.09 -0.02
DIST 0.01 -0.09 -0.09 0.02
CO -0.04 0.01 0.01 -0.04
DIST 0.02 -0.01 -0.01 0.03
CO 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00
DIST 0.00 -0.02 -0.02 0.00
CO -0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.01
DIST 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
MOMENT -7.86 17.48 -18.28 2.64
SHEAR 32.21 39.34 30.76 19.19
REACTION 32.21 70.10 19.19
 Column Dead Load Unit Weight = 25 kN/m3
Stiffness 4 Length B H w(DL) Weight
Member
Left Column Right Column m mm mm kN/m kN
2.05E+10 2.05E+10 GD 3.50 300 300 7.875
4.10E+10 4.10E+10 HE 3.50 300 300 7.875
4.10E+10 2.05E+10 DA 3.50 300 300 7.875
EB 3.50 300 300 7.875
FC 3.50 300 300 7.875
 EF

w(TDL)= 18.5
w(LL)= 12 F

70.10 2.7 RDL= 19.19

43.67 FC RLL= 15.70

Live load full loading Live load DE

JOINT D E F JOINT D
MEMBER DE ED EF FE MEMBER DE
DF 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.72 DF 0.56
FEM -9.72 9.72 -7.29 7.29 FEM -9.72
DIST 5.46 -1.36 -1.36 -5.24 DIST 5.46
CO -0.68 2.73 -2.62 -0.68 CO -2.73
DIST 0.38 -0.06 -0.06 0.49 DIST 1.53
CO -0.03 0.19 0.25 -0.03 CO -0.77
DIST 0.02 -0.25 -0.25 0.02 DIST 0.43
CO -0.12 0.01 0.01 -0.12 CO -0.49
DIST 0.07 -0.01 -0.01 0.09 DIST 0.28
CO -0.01 0.03 0.04 -0.01 CO -0.14
DIST 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 0.00 DIST 0.08
CO -0.02 0.00 0.00 -0.02 CO -0.09
DIST 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 DIST 0.05
CO 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 CO -0.02
DIST 0.00 -0.01 -0.01 0.00 DIST 0.01
CO 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 CO -0.02
DIST 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 DIST 0.01
MOMENT -4.64 10.96 -11.34 1.80 MOMENT -6.13
SHEAR 19.26 23.94 19.73 12.67 SHEAR 21.97
REACTION 19.26 43.67 12.67 REACTION 21.97
fc'= 32 MPa
Stiffness 4
ALONG SHORT ALONG LONG
2.05E+10 2.05E+10
2.05E+10 2.05E+10
2.05E+10 2.05E+10
2.05E+10 2.05E+10
2.05E+10 2.05E+10
 Live load EF
E F JOINT D E
ED EF FE MEMBER DE ED EF
0.56 0.56 0.72 DF 0.56 0.56 0.56
9.72 0.00 0.00 FEM 0.00 0.00 -7.29
-5.46 -5.46 0.00 DIST 0.00 4.09 4.09
2.73 0.00 -2.73 CO 2.05 0.00 -2.62
-1.53 -1.53 1.96 DIST -1.15 1.47 1.47
0.77 0.98 -0.77 CO 0.74 -0.57 -0.74
-0.98 -0.98 0.55 DIST -0.41 0.74 0.74
0.22 0.28 -0.49 CO 0.37 -0.21 -0.26
-0.28 -0.28 0.35 DIST -0.21 0.26 0.26
0.14 0.18 -0.14 CO 0.13 -0.10 -0.13
-0.18 -0.18 0.10 DIST -0.07 0.13 0.13
0.04 0.05 -0.09 CO 0.07 -0.04 -0.05
-0.05 -0.05 0.06 DIST -0.04 0.05 0.05
0.02 0.03 -0.02 CO 0.02 -0.02 -0.02
-0.03 -0.03 0.02 DIST -0.01 0.02 0.02
0.01 0.01 -0.02 CO 0.01 -0.01 -0.01
-0.01 -0.01 0.01 DIST -0.01 0.01 0.01
5.13 -6.99 -1.19 MOMENT 1.48 5.83 -4.35
21.23 3.03 -3.03 SHEAR -2.71 2.71 16.70
24.26 -3.03 REACTION -2.71 19.41
 F
FE
0.72
7.29
-5.24
2.05
-1.47
0.74
-0.53
0.37
-0.26
0.13
-0.10
0.07
-0.05
0.02
-0.02
0.01
-0.01
3.00
15.70
15.70
UNFACTORED
P (axial) V (shear) M (moment)
Beam Tag LOCATION
TDL LL_R EQ TDL LL_R EQ TDL LL_R
LEFT 30.00 24.98 16.20 35.00 4.93 3.20
GH MID 30.00 0.00 0.00 35.00 11.93 7.74
RIGHT 30.00 24.98 16.20 35.00 4.93 3.20
LEFT 75.00 32.21 21.97 29.17 7.86 6.13
DE MID 75.00 0.00 0.00 29.17 11.48 7.39
RIGHT 75.00 39.34 23.94 29.17 17.48 10.96
LEFT 55.00 30.76 19.73 64.17 18.28 11.34
EF MID 55.00 0.00 0.00 64.17 6.40 4.37
RIGHT 55.00 19.19 15.70 64.17 2.64 3.00

FACTORED
P (axial) V (shear) M (moment)
Beam Tag LOCATION
U1 U2 U3 U1 U2 U3 U1 U2
LEFT 0.00 30.00 -30.00 55.89 78.56 -5.42 11.03 61.09
GH MID 0.00 30.00 -30.00 0.00 35.00 -35.00 26.70 20.81
RIGHT 0.00 30.00 -30.00 55.89 78.56 -5.42 11.03 61.09
LEFT 0.00 75.00 -75.00 73.81 85.89 9.52 19.24 57.97
DE MID 0.00 75.00 -75.00 0.00 29.17 -29.17 25.60 20.00
RIGHT 0.00 75.00 -75.00 85.51 96.99 16.63 38.50 74.05
LEFT 0.00 55.00 -55.00 68.49 117.72 -27.84 40.07 127.87
EF MID 0.00 55.00 -55.00 0.00 64.17 -64.17 14.66 11.27
RIGHT 0.00 55.00 -55.00 48.14 99.26 -39.82 7.97 101.50
M (moment) P (axial) V (shear)
Column Tag LOCATION
EQ TDL LL_R EQ TDL LL_R
52.50 TOP 24.98 16.20 35.00
0.00 GD MID 28.91 16.20 35.00
52.50 BOTTOM 32.85 16.20 35.00
43.75 TOP 16.20 16.20 35.00
0.00 HE MID 20.14 16.20 35.00
43.75 BOTTOM 24.08 16.20 35.00
96.25
0.00
96.25

M (moment) P (axial)
Column Tag LOCATION
U3 U1 U2 U3
-46.66 TOP 55.89 78.56 -5.42
14.13 GD MID 60.62 84.16 -2.04
-46.66 BOTTOM 65.34 89.75 1.35
-33.93 TOP 45.36 66.10 -12.97
13.57 HE MID 50.09 71.70 -9.58
-23.24 BOTTOM 54.81 77.29 -6.20
-74.86 SUM of Pu 120.15 167.03 -4.84
7.68
-92.48
V (shear) M (moment)
EQ TDL LL_R EQ
4.93 3.20 52.50
0.00 0.00 0.00
4.93 3.20 52.50
4.93 3.20 52.50
0.00 0.00 0.00
4.93 3.20 52.50

M (moment)
U1 U2 U3
11.03 61.09 -46.66
0.00 0.00 0.00
11.03 61.09 -46.66
11.03 61.09 -46.66
0.00 0.00 0.00
11.03 61.09 -46.66
Strength Parameters
Concrete Rebar
f'c= 32 Mpa fy= 420 Mpa
Ec= 26587.21 MPa fyh= 275 MPa
ɣc= 25 kN/m3 Es= 200000 MPa
λ= 1 normal weight concrete db= 12 mm flexural bar diameter assumption only, change for the diameter of your assumption
ꞵ= 0.8 - ds= 10 mm shear bar diameter assumption only, change for the diameter of your assumption
ns= 2 legs assumed number of stirrups leg
Girder Geometry Фf= 0.9 reduction factor for ductile behavior of beam
b= 250 mm Фs= 0.75 reduction factor for shear reinforcement design
h= 400 mm
cc= 40 mm concrete cover
d= 344 mm effective depth

1. Flexural reinforcement of Girder GH at midpsan

Mu= 26.70 kN-m
Rn= 1.00 kPa
ρ= 0.0024 =
ρ(min)= 0.0034 ρ(min) is the greater value between 1.4/fy or sqrt(f'c)/(4fy)
ρ(used)= 0.0034 ρ(used) is the greater value between ρ and ρ(min)
As= 289.58 mm^2
Ab= 113.10 mm^2
n= 2.56 -
n(used)= 3 pcs

Investigation Check for ductility

As= 339.29
a= 20.96 OK since it is greater than ρ(min)
c= 26.20
εt= 0.0364
Ф= 0.9 Since εt is greater than 0.005, assumption using 0.9 is correct

2. Shear reinforcement of Girder DE

Assumption: 1. Use Vu at face of support with the greater value
2. Since load is uniform, concservatively assume that shear diagram is triangular. Any value within the beam can be solved by ratio and proportion

Vu= 96.99 kN at face of support 1.006

Vu at critical location (d-distance from face of support)
Vu1= 72.28 kN 96.99
Vc= 82.70 kN
ФVc= 62.03 kN
(1/2)ФVc= 31.01 Vu1
Since Vu1 is greater than ФVc, this under Zone 3 region (refer to module)
Vs= 13.67 kN 2.7
ФVc 0.5ФVc
Av= 157.08 mm^2 96.99
s= 1087.14 mm
2Vc= 165.41 kN
x1 x2
Since Vs<2Vc, following are max spacing limits Zone 3 Zone 2 Zone 1
s1= 492.65839031998 mm
s(max)= 172 mm min(s1, d/2, 600mm)
s= 172 mm since s is greater than s(max) limit, use s(max)
s= 170 mm always round down spacing, either every 10mm or 25mm for easy construction
Next, find where this spacing will terminate by finding the location of ФVc since it under zone 3. Use ratio and proportion
x1= 0.486683334880283 or 0.5 m
Therefore, s=170 will be from face of support to 0.5m

Next, determine the spacing of of stirrups in zone 2

s1= 492.66 mm
s(max)= 172 mm
As you notice, spacing limit happened to be similar. This is notalways the case. Refer to the lecture for zone 2 spacing limit
s= 170 mm
Next, find where this spacing will terminate by finding the location of (1/2)ФVc since it under zone 2. Use ratio and proportion
x2= 0.92 or 1m
Therefore, s=170 will be from x1=0.5m to x2=1.0m

In zone 3, no stirrups are needed. In practice, provide 300mm spacing within this region

3. Main bars of column EH distributed equally on each side (neglect displaced concrete). The structure is consist of sway frame. You can use any design method you prefer.
Examples 11.4 (page 346) and 11.5 (page 349) in Reference book shows how to compute Pu and Mu of column in sway frame
3.1 Determine the effective length factor for sway frame
Icolumn= 472500000
Igirder= 466666666.666667
On top: Ψa= 0.86785714
Ψb= 1.73571429
k= 1.79 (approximate from alignment chart)
Sum Pc
3.2 Is column slender?
lu= 3.1 m
Max k*lu/r to be a short column = 22 for sway frame
K*Lu/r= 61.66 (r=0.3h)
since it is greater than max k*Lu/r, the column is slender

3.3 Consider the loading case U=1.2DL+1.6LL

(a) are column moments > ACI Minimum?
e(min)= 15+0.3h 105
M2(min)= Pu*e(min) 5.75505 kN-m ACI Minimum
Mu @ HE= 11.03 kN-m Column moment
Since Mu > M2(min), it is OK

(b) Compute Magnification Factor δ

Ec= 26587.21 MPa
ꞵdns= 0.527093596059113 < 1 (OK)
(EI)eff= 4700791137577.37
Assuming conservatively that k=1.0 for computing Pc
Pc= 4827.77824141888 kN
Cm= 0.2
δns= 0.20307401211557 < 1.0
Use δns= 1.00 Magnification should not be less than 1.0

© Compute for Magnification Factor δs

Because there are no lateral loads in U1, this load case has no sidesway

(d) Compute for Magnified Moment

Mc= 11.0264232277364 kN-m

Follow book reference for U2 and U3 computation.Summary of result is presented in below table

Case Combination Pu Mu M2ns M2s Sum Pu Sum Pc δs M2=M2ns+δsM2s

U1 1.2DL+1.6LL 54.81 11.03 11.03 120.15 9655.556 1 11.02642
U2 1.42DL+0.5LL+1.0EQ 77.29 61.09 8.594751 52.50 167.03 9655.556 1.02361 62.33429
U3 0.86DL+0.5LL-1.0EQ -6.20 -46.66 5.835481 -52.50 -4.84 9655.556 0.999331 -46.62942

Summary of Forces Pu Mu
U1 54.81 11.02642
U2 77.29 62.33429 Governing Load Combination
U3 -6.20 -46.62942

Design Procedure:
1. Assume value of rebars
2. Graph the capacity curve and individually plot Load Combinations.If plotted coordinates are inside the curve, assumption is correct
- to follow for column design solution. This solution is the same as presented in final exam.