4th 9wks Review

Chapter 5
 Comparisons of equality
o Use tan + adjective + como to compare people and things
 Example: Esta estatua es tan bonita como la otra
 Passive voice with se
o Used to state that something is done or has been done without mentioning
the agent
 Example: Se vendieron muchos boletos.
 Past Perfect
o Used to narrate a sequence of events in the past
o Formed by combining the imperfect of haber with past participle of the
main verb
 había habíamos
habías + Past Participle
había habían
Chapter 6
 Uses of haber
o The impersonal form of haber is always used in the 3rd person singular
 Present tense form: hay (there is, there are)
 Preterite tense: hubo
 Imperfect tense: había
 Present Subjunctive tense: haya
 Future tense: habrá
o Indefinite expressions
 Pg. 250
o Gender of nouns
 Nouns ending in: -dad, -ión,-z,-is,-ie and –umbre are feminine
 Nouns ending in: -aje,-al,-és,-ín and –ma are masculine
o Pg. 267 vocab

Chapter 7
 Preterite and imperfect of stative verbs
o Stative verbs express situations or states of being rather than actions
o Imperfect describes past situations or states
 Grammatical reflexives
o When a verb is used reflexively, the action is directed back on the subject
and a reflexive pronoun
 Me Nos
Te
Se Se
o Example: Yo me peiné
 Lo and lo que
o The expression lo + adjective is used to express an abstract idea
 Example: Lo bueno es que tuvimos éxito
(The good thing is that we were successful.)
o The expression lo que + verb is also used to express an idea (the thing that,
what)
 Ahora, lo que necesitamos hacer es entrenar.
(Now what we need to do is train)
 Subjunctive after adverbial conjunctions
o Subjunctive is always used following these expressions called adverbial
conjunctions: a menos (de) que, con tal (de) que, para que, antes de que,
en caso de que, sin que
 No iré al cine a menos de que Juan me llame.
(I won’t go to the movies unless Juan calls me.)
 Subjunctive with future actions
o Adverbial conjunctions that express time: cuando, después de que, en
cuanto, hasta que, tan pronto como
 Voy a comprar un carro en cuanto tenga el dinero.
(I’m going to buy a car as soon as I have the money.)
 Indicative with habitual or past actions
o Use the indicative with: en cuanto, cuando, después de que, hasta que and
tan pronto como when the verb refers to habitual past action.
o Indicative is used also when describing completed actions in the past
o Vocab Pg. 315

Chapter 8
 Verbs with indirect object pronouns
o An I.O.P is used with some verbs to indicate to whom or for whom an
action occurs.
o The verb must agree with the subject
 Me cuesta trabajo entender este cuento.
 Verbs that express “to become”
o Use the verbs: hacerse, volverse, ponerse, convertirse en, quedarse and
llegar a ser to convey a change in state.
 Hacerse + adj. noun describes change where a personal effort is
involved
 Ponerse + adj. describes a sudden physical or mental change
 Volverse + adj. can describe a more gradual change.
 Convertirse en + noun expresses to change into or to turn into.
 Quedarse + adj. used in idiomatic expressions and with certain adj.
 Adjectives used with: ciego, sordo, and calvo
 Llegar a ser + adj. or noun to express become or to get to be after a
series of events
 Conditional
o Used to tell what would happen
o ía íamos
ías
ía ían
 Example: dirgiría
 Past subjunctive with hypothetical statements
o Formed by removing the –on from the 3rd person plural form of the present
and adding the following endings
o Pedir → pidieron → pidier-
 a amos
as
a an
 Vocab Pg. 357