Department of Mathematics University of Moratuwa

Faculty of Engineering Semester 2- 2010

MA 1022- MATHEMATICAL METHODS

_________________________________________________________________________________
ASSIGNMENT 5
Distributed during the week starting on 31/05/2010.Assignment 5 will be discussed in class

1. The 𝑛 th root of the number 𝑁 can be found by solving the equation 𝑥 𝑛 − 𝑁 = 0. For this equation,
show that Newton’s method gives
1 𝑁
𝑥𝑖+1 = 𝑛 − 1 𝑥𝑖 + 𝑛−1 .
𝑛 𝑥𝑖
Use the above result to solve the following expressions:
1 1 1
161 3 , 21.75 4 , 238.56 5

2.
a. Find the real root of the equation 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 − 5 = 0 using secant method.
b. Find the real root of the equation 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 1 = 0 on the interval 0,1 with an accuracy of 10−4 .

3. Bernoulli’s equation for fluid flow in an open channel with a small bump (Figure 5.1) is given by

𝑄2 𝑄2
2 + 𝑕0 = 2𝑔𝑏 2 𝑕2
+𝑕+𝐻
2𝑔𝑏 2 𝑕0

where Figure 5.1

3 2
𝑄 = 1.2𝑚 𝑠 (volume rate of flow) , 𝑔 = 9.81𝑚 𝑠 (gravitational acceleration), 𝑏= 1.8𝑚 (width of
channel), 𝑕0 = 0.6 𝑚 (upstream water level), 𝐻 = 0.075m (height of bump), 𝑕 = water level above the
bump. Determine 𝑕 using an appropriate numerical technique.

4. A random sample of 64 observations from a population produced the following summary statistics:
2
𝑥𝑖 = 700, 𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥 = 4238
𝑖 𝑖
Find a 95% confidence interval for the population mean 𝜇 and interpret this interval.

5. A random sample 𝑋1 , 𝑋2 , 𝑋3 , 𝑋4 , 𝑋5 of size 5 is drawn from a normal population with unkown mean 𝜇.
Consider the following estimators to estimate 𝜇:

𝑋1 + 𝑋2 + 𝑋3 + 𝑋4 + 𝑋5 𝑋1 + 𝑋2 2𝑋1 + 𝑋2 + 𝜆𝑋3
𝒂. 𝑡1 = , 𝒃. 𝑡2 = + 𝑋3 , 𝒄. 𝑡3 =
5 2 3
Where 𝜆 is such that 𝑡3 is an unbiased estimator of 𝜇.
a. Find 𝜆.
b. Are 𝑡1 and 𝑡2 unbiased?
c. State giving reasons the estimator which is best among the three estimators.

6. 11 students and 14 professors took part in a study to find the mean commuting distances. The mean
number of miles travelled by students was 5.6 and the standard deviation was 2.8. The mean number
of miles travelled by professors was 14.3 and the standard deviation was 9.1. Construct a 95%
confidence interval for the difference between the means. State all the assumptions you have made.

Department of Mathematics, 31/05/2010

Website:http://www.math.mrt.ac.lk/content/kevin_notes/ma1022_tutorial_2010
Department of Mathematics University of Moratuwa
Faculty of Engineering Semester 2- 2010

MA 1022- MATHEMATICAL METHODS

_________________________________________________________________________________
ASSIGNMENT 6
Write answers to all questions and submit during the week starting on 21/05/2010

1. The function 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 2 𝑥 − 4 = 0 has the two roots 𝑥 = −2 and 𝑥 = 4. Rearrange 𝑓 𝑥 into the
form 𝑥 = 𝑔 𝑥 to obtain the root 𝑥 = −2 and 𝑥 = 4, starting with 𝑥0 = −1 and 3 respectively. The
function 𝑓 𝑥 can be rearranged in several ways, for example,
8 1 𝑥2 − 8
𝑥= , 𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 8 2 , 𝑥 =
𝑥−2 2
One form always converges to 𝑥 = −2 one form always converges to 𝑥 = 4., and one form always
diverges. Determine the behavior of the three forms.

2. A function is defined for 𝑥 ≥ 0 and a constant parameter 𝑡 > 0 by:

1
−
𝑓 𝑥 = 1 − 1 + 𝑡𝑥 𝑡
𝑑𝑓 𝑑 2𝑓
a. Find and
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2
b. Show that for the fixed 𝑡 > 0, the taylor series of 𝑓 as a function of 𝑥 about 𝑥 = 0 takes the form
𝑎1 𝑥 − 𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 𝑎3 𝑥 3 − ⋯, Where for 𝑛 = 0,1,2 … where the coefficient 𝑎𝑛+1 depends on 𝑡 and is
given by
1 + 𝑡 1 + 2𝑡 … (1 + 𝑛𝑡)
𝑎𝑛+1 = .
𝑛+1 !

3. Consider a function 𝑓(𝑥) whose third derivative is continuous on the real line and which satisfies
𝑓 0 = 0, 𝑓 ′ 0 = 1, 𝑓 ′′ 0 = −2 , 𝑓 ′′′ 𝑥 ≤ 6 ∀𝑥 ∈ 0,1 .
Use Taylor theorem to show that
1 3
≤ 𝑓(1 2) ≤ .
8 8

4. The following random sample was selected from a normal distribution:

7.53, 4.35, 7.66, 7.54, 5.83, 1.92, 3.14, 4.41
a. Construct a 90% confidence interval for the population mean.
b. Construct a 99% confidence interval for the population mean.

5.
a. Let 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 . . 𝑥𝑛 denote. a random sample of size 𝑛 taken from the population with (unknown) mean
𝜇 and variance 𝜎2 . Show that
2
𝑖 𝑥𝑖 − 𝑥
is an unbiased estimator for the population variance 𝜎2 , where 𝑥 is the sample mean.
𝑛−1
(Make assumptions if necessary and state them)
2
𝑖 𝑥𝑖
b. 𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 . . 𝑥𝑛 is a random sample from a normal population 𝑁 𝜇, 1 . show that 𝑡= is an unbiased
𝑛
estimator of 𝜇 2 + 1

6. In an investigation to estimate the mean weight in kg of 15-year-old children in a particular geographical

region, a random sample of 100 children is selected. Previous studies indicate that the variance of the
weight of such children is 30 kg and the sample mean weight is 𝑥 = 38.4 kg. Find the 95% confidence
interval for the population mean 𝜇.

Department of Mathematics, 31/05/2010

Website:http://www.math.mrt.ac.lk/content/kevin_notes/ma1022_tutorial_2010