Name __________________________________________ Block ________

Algebra II and Trigonometry

Chapter 9 Review Problems
1. Subtract: (5 x 3 ! 2 x 2 ! 3 x + 7) ! (9 x 3 + 5 x 2 ! 4 x + 2)

2. Multiply the following. Put your answers in standard form.

(a) (5m ! 6)(2m + 7) (b) (m ! 3)(5m 2 ! 4m + 2)

Review the following information about basic factoring.

The first step in any factoring problem is to factor out the GCF of the terms.

ex To factor 2 x 4 ! 6 x 3 ! 8 x 2 , the first step is to factor out 2x 2 and write...

2 x 4 ! 6 x 3 ! 8 x 2 = 2 x 2 " ( x 2 ! 3 x ! 4)

GCF "what's left"

The next step is to factor "what's left". For the final, the only types of factoring
you will need to do (after factoring out the GCF) are the following:

• Factorable Trinomials This is "normal factoring", like...

ex x 2 ! 3 x ! 4 = ( x ! 4)( x + 1)

• Difference of Squares This always looks like a 2 ! b 2 = (a ! b)(a + b)

ex 4 x 2 ! 9 = (2 x ! 3)(2 x + 3)

• Factoring by Grouping This is when you factor a cubic by pairing terms,

f factor out the GCF of each pair, and then use the distributive law.

ex To factor x 3 + 2 x 2 ! 9 x ! 18 :

x 3 + 2 x 2 ! 9 x ! 18 = ( x 3 + 2 x 2 ) + (!9 x ! 18) (Pair terms)

= x ( x + 2) + !9( x + 2)
2
= ( x 2 ! 9)( x + 2)
= ( x ! 3)( x + 3)( x + 2)
(Factor out GCF)
(Use the distributive law)
(Complete Factoring)
 3. Factor the following completely

(a) 3 x 4 ! 12 x 3 + 12 x 2 (b) 3 x 3 + 6 x 2 ! 27 x ! 54 (c) 32 x 2 ! 50

Review the following information about polynomial division.

We studing Long Division and Synthetic Division. Long Division is not on the
final exam..Synthetic Division is. Synthetic Division only works if dividing a
polynomial by a divisor that looks like x ! k or x + k .

ex. Divide 3 x 3 ! 4 x 2 + x ! 5 by x ! 2

Put your coefficients on the top row. Be

2 3 -4 1 -5 sure to include 1's and 0's if necessary.
6 4 10 First drop the 3 that is at the top left.
Multiply by 2 to get 6. Then add down to
3 2 5 5 get 2. Then Multiply by 2 to get 4, add
down to get 5, multiply by 2 to get 10 ...

The last number on the right is the remainder (5).

The rest of the numbers on the bottom row are the coefficients of the quotient.
So, for this division, we get...

R = 5 and Q = 3 x 2 + 2 x + 5

4. Divide the following using synthetic division. Identify the quotient and remainder.

(a) x 3 ! 7 x 2 ! 5 x + 75 by x + 3 (b) 3 x 3 ! 12 x + 1 by x ! 2

Synthetic division is often the first step in a factoring problem.

The typical chapter 9 question was:

ex Given that x + 3 is a factor of x 3 ! 7 x 2 ! 5 x + 75 (or given that –3 is a root)

factor x 3 ! 7 x 2 ! 5 x + 75 completely.

Step1 Divide x 3 ! 7 x 2 ! 5 x + 75 by x + 3 .

You did this 4(a). You should have gotten: R=0 and Q = x2 – 10x + 25.

So x 3 ! 7 x 2 ! 5 x + 75 = ( x + 3)( x 2 ! 10 x + 25)

Step2 Factor the quadratic in the second parenthesis.

 x 3 ! 7 x 2 ! 5 x + 75 = ( x + 3)( x ! 5)( x ! 5)

5. Factor each of the following polynomials completely.

(a) x 3 ! 5 x 2 ! 18 x + 72 given that x ! 3 is one factor.

(b) x 4 ! 5 x 2 + 4 given that 1 a root.

We also use synthetic division to find the zeros of a polynomial.

The typical question is...

ex Given that x + 3 is a factor of x 3 ! 7 x 2 ! 5 x + 75 (or given that –3 is a root)

find all solutions to x 3 ! 7 x 2 ! 5 x + 75 = 0

Step1 This step is the same as above. Use synthetic division to write:

x 3 ! 7 x 2 ! 5 x + 75 = ( x + 3)( x 2 ! 10 x + 25)

Step2 Either

• Factor the polynomial parenthesis to find its zeros.

x 3 ! 7 x 2 ! 5 x + 75 = ( x + 3)( x ! 5)( x ! 5)

( x + 3)( x ! 5)( x ! 5) = 0 gives x = !3 or 5

• Or…use the quadratic formula to find the zeros of the polynomial in parenthesis

6. Find all zeros (real and complex) of each polynomial below.

(a) x 3 ! 9 x 2 + 26 x ! 24 given that 2 is a zero.

(b) x 3 ! 2 x 2 + 4 x ! 8 given that 2 is a zero

7. Sketch a graph of each equation below.

(a) y = ( x ! 2) 4 + 5

(b) y = ( x ! 2)( x ! 4)( x ! 6)

(b) y = ( x ! 2) 2 ( x ! 4) 3 ( x ! 6)