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Case 2:20-cv-00250-RAJ-DEM Document 1 Filed 05/18/20 Page 2 of 19 PageID# 2

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF VIRGINIA
ROANOKE DIVISION

SIDNEY PATRICK MARTIN, Civil Action No.7:19CV002I8

Plaintiff,

V. ORDER

RANDALL MATHENA,ET AL, By: Robert S. Ballon

Defendant(s) United States Magistrate Judge

It appears to the court that plaintiff has complied with the requirements of28 U.S.C.

§ 1915(a)for filing a prisoner civil rights action. Accordingly, it is now

ORDERED

as follows:

(1) The action is conditionally filed as a prisoner civil rights action, pending satisfaction of

the requirement set forth herein. Plaintiff is advised that the court will not adjudicate

legal and factual matters discussed in either a pleading or motion in this conditionally

filed action until plaintiff cures the deficiencies noted in this Order. Accordingly,

plaintiff is encouraged to first resolve the noted deficiencies before filing motions or

pleadings.

(2) Plaintiff has been assessed fees of$400.00 in this case, which includes a $50.00

administrative fee. The $400.00 must be paid before a civil action can proceed unless

plaintiff is granted leave to proceed in forma pauperis.

(3) Plaintiff is hereby directed to execute the enclosed consent to withholding offees form in

order to complete an application to proceed in forma pauperis pursuant to 28 U.S.C.

§ 1915(b), which allows plaintiffto pay the $350.00 filing fee in installments. If plaintiff

is granted leave to proceed in forma pauperis. plaintiff will not be required to pay the

$50.00 administrative fee. FAILURE TO RETURN THE SIGNED CONSENT FORM

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TO THE COURT WITHIN TWENTY (20)DAYS SHALL RESULT IN DISMISSAL

OF THIS ACTION WITHOUT PREJUDICE.

(4) Plaintiff shall notify the court in writing immediately upon plaintiffs transfer or release

and shall provide a new address. FAILURE TO NOTIFY THE COURT OF SUCH A

CHANGE OF ADDRESS WILL RESULT IN DISMISSAL OF THIS CASE.

(5) Plaintiffis advised that a prisoner may not bring a civil action without complete

prepayment ofthe appropriate filing fee and, as of May 1,2013, a $50.00 administrative

fee ifthe prisoner has brought on three or more occasions, an action or appeal in a federal

court that was dismissed as fnvolous, as malicious, or for failure to state a claim upon

which relief may be granted, unless the prisoner is in imminent danger ofserious physical

injury. S^ 28 U.S.C. § 1915(g). Plaintiff is advised that if plaintiff has had prior cases

dismissed for any ofthe above-stated reasons, these prior dismissals may limit plaintiffs

ability to file new cases without prepaying the full $400.00 in filing costs. If plaintiff

believes that this case, or any other pending case, may be dismissed as fnvolous, as

malicious, or for failure to state a claim upon which relief may be granted, plaintiff may

file a motion for voluntary dismissal ofsuch case(s) pursuant to Rule 41(a)of the Federal

Rules of Civil Procedure.

(6) Pursuant to a Standing Order of Court, all non-dispositive matters in this case will be

referred to a United States Magistrate Judge.

(7) Plaintiff must include the above referenced case number in any document plaintiff

submits to the court related to this action. Plaintiffs submissions should be legible,

written on one side of the paper only, with at least one-inch ofclear space on all sides of

the page. In any document plaintiff submits to the court, pursuant to General Rule 8 of

the Local Rules ofthe United States District Court for the Westem District of Virginia,
 Case 2:20-cv-00250-RAJ-DEM Document 1 Filed 05/18/20 Page 13 of 19 PageID# 13

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MIME-Version:1.0 From:ecfnoticing@vawd.uscourts.gov To:vawd_ecf_nef@vawd.uscourts.gov Bee:

Message-Id:<3254541@vawd.uscourts.gov>Subject:Activity in Case 7:19-cv-00218-EKD-RSB
Martin v. Mathena et al Order Prisoner Condfil Content-Type: text/html

This is an automatic e-mail message generated by the CM/ECF system.Please DO NOT

RESPOND to this e-mail because the mail box is unattended.
***notE to public access users*** Judicial Conference of the United States poUcy
permits attorneys of record and parties in a case(including pro se litigants) to receive one free
electronic copy of all documents filed electronically, if receipt is required by law or directed by
the filer. PACER access fees apply to all other users. To avoid later charges, download a copy of
each document during this first viewing. However,if the referenced document is a transcript, the
free copy and 30 page limit do not apply.

U.S. District Court

Western District of Virginia

Notice of Electronic Filing

The following transaction was entered on 3/15/2019 at 12:20 PM EOT and filed on 3/15/2019

Case Name: Martin v. Mathena et al

Case Number: 7:19-cv-00218-EKD-RSB

Filer:

Document Number: 9

Docket Text:
Order entered Conditionally Filing this action pursuant to 42 USC Section 1983; Deferring all
action in this case; Advising inmate to comply within the allotted time and to notify of changes in
address or risk dismissal Responses due by 4/8/2019. Signed by Magistrate Judge Robert S.
Ballou on 3/15/2019.(sit)

7:19-cv-00218-EKD-RSB Notice has been electronically mailed to:

7:19-cv-00218-EKD-RSB Notice has been delivered by other means to:
Sidney Patrick Martin
1416216
Red Onion State Prison
P.O. Box 970
Pound, VA 24279

The following document(s) are associated with this transaction:

Document description:Main Document

Original filename:n/a
Electronic document Stamp:
[STAMP dcecfStamp_ID=1052918722[Date=3/15/2019][FileNumber=3254539-0
][75aflab2clb5d5f308b726a790d8c080cdc5efel0173b3d808cl6e908d9fe327244
d3d245065806874878b33a8c2767956f43f304efb5efal54776fafe269a31]]
 Case 2:20-cv-00250-RAJ-DEM Document 1 Filed 05/18/20 Page 15 of 19 PageID# 15

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Page 86 of17133

Helling. 113 S. Ct. at 2481. Such inmates are not required to endure the horrific suffering of a serious mental
illness or major exacerbation of an existing mental illness before [*1266] obtaining relief. Id. at 2480-81.
I211&I

r**4071 We are acutely aware that defendants are entitled to substantial deference with respect to their
management of the SHU. However, subjecting individuals to conditions that are "very likely" to render them
psychotic or otherwise inflict a serious mental illness or seriously exacerbate an existing mental illness can not
be squared with evolving standards of humanity or decency, especially when certain aspects of those
conditions appear to bear little relation to security concerns. A risk this grave -- this shocking and indecent --
simply has no place in civilized society. It is surely not one "today's society [would] choose[] to tolerate." Id.
at 2482. Indeed, it is inconceivable that any representative portion of our society would put its imprimatur on
a plan to subject the mentally ill and other inmates described above to the SHU, knowing that severe
psychological consequences will most probably befall those inmates. Thus, with respect to this limited
population of the inmate class, plaintiffs have established that continued confinement in the SHU, as it is
currently constituted, deprives inmates of a minimal civilized level of one of life's necessities.

2. Defendants' [**4081 State of Mind

The above conclusions do not end our inquiry. In addition to demonstrating an injury that is "sufficiently
serious" to violate objective Eiohth Amendment standards, plaintiffs must also satisfy the subjective
component of the Eighth Amendment. Specifically, they must show that the alleged injury is attributable to
defendants' "wanton" state of mind, and can therefore be fairly characterized as a form of cruel and unusual
punishment. Wilson. 501 U.S. at 299. 1.1.1 S. Ct at 2324.

HN29'^ Where, as here, the plaintiff contends that inhumane conditions are depriving inmates of their mentai
health, wantonness is established by proving that defendants have been deliberately indifferent to the risk of
harm. Farmer. 114 S. Ct. at 1977 ("In prison-conditions cases [the relevant] state of mind is one of
'deliberate indifference' to inmate health or safety ... ."); Hellina. 113 5. Ct. at 2480 ("Whether one
characterizes the treatment received by [the prisoner] as inhuman conditions of confinement, failure to attend
to his medical needs, or a combination of both, it is aoDrooriate [*"4091 to apply the deliberate indifference
standard articulated in Estelle")(internal quotations omitted).}212 Ai
[**4101 Based on the Court's findings of fact, and the evidence presented, we conclude that defendants had
actual subjective knowledge that the conditions in the SHU presented [*1267] a substantiai or excessive
risk of harm with respect to inmates who were mentally ill or otherwise particularly vulnerable to conditions of
extreme isolation and reduced environmental stimulation.(213^1 Yet defendants, in continued disregard for
this risk, took no action to either exciude such inmates from the SHU, ameliorate the offending conditions with
respect to these inmates, or otherwise seriously address the issue. This constitutes deliberate indifference.
Farmer. 114 S. Ct. at 1979. As found above, defendants have also been deliberately indifferent to the jack of
adequate mental health care provided to inmates at Pelican Bay, particularly in the SHU. See section II(A)(C)
(3), supra. This merely underscores defendants' callous lack of concern for the mental health of those inmates
that are particularly at risk in the SHU.

-J**4111 3. Conclusion

In sum, while the conditions in the SHU may press the outer bounds of what most humans can psychologically
tolerate, the record does not satisfactorily demonstrate that there is a sufficiently high risk to all inmates of
incurring a serious mental illness from exposure to conditions in the SHU to find that the conditions constitute
a perse deprivation of a basic necessity of life. We emphasize, of course, that this determination is based on
the current record and data before us. We can not begin to speculate on the impact that Pelican Bay SHU
conditions may have on inmates confined in the SHU for periods of 10 or 20 years or more; the inmates
studied in connection with this action had generaily been confined to the SHU for three years or iess. We do,
however, find, for the reasons stated above, that continued confinement in the SHU, under present conditions,
constitutes cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment for two categories of inmates:
those who are already mentally ill and those who, as identified above, are at an unreasonably high risk of
suffering serious mental illness as a result of present conditions in the SHU. Defendants, [**4121 of course,
are not precluded from segregating either category of inmates from the remainder of the prison population
where such segregation is otherwise justified; they simply can not segregate them under conditions as they
currently exist in the Pelican Bay SHU.

https://doc-advance.lexis.com/document/documentslider/?pdmfid=1512960&crid=2a36b91,.. 3/4/2019
Case 2:20-cv-00250-RAJ-DEM Document 1 Filed 05/18/20 Page 18 of 19 PageID# 18

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HISTORICAL NOTE XIII

Issue, Ex. Comm. 7579; H. Doc. 113-163), and became effective De

cember 1, 2014. The amendment affected Rule 77.
Additional amendments were adopted by the Court by order
dated April 29, 2015, transmitted to Congress by the Chief Justice
on the same day (575 U.S. ; Cong. Rec., vol. 161, p. H2790, Daily
Issue, Ex. Comm. 1373; H. Doc. 114-33), and became effective De
cember 1, 2015. The amendments affected Rules 1, 4, 16, 26, 30, 31,
33, 34, 37, and 55, abrogated Rule 84, and abrogated the Appendix
of Forms(Forms 1 through 82).
Additional amendments were adopted by the Court by order
dated April 28, 2016, transmitted to Congress by the Chief Justice
on the same day (578 U.S. ; Cong. Rec., vol. 162, p. H2147, Daily
Issue, Ex. Comm. 5233; H. Doc. 114-128), and became effective De
cember 1, 2016. The amendments affected Rules 4, 6, and 82.
An additional amendment was adopted by the Court by order
dated April 27, 2017, transmitted to Congress by the Chief Justice
on the same day (581 U.S. ; Cong. Rec., vol. 163, p. H4175, Daily
Issue, Ex. Comm. 1255; H. Doc. 115-33), and became effective De
cember 1, 2017. The amendment affected Rule 4.
Additional amendments were adopted by the Court by order
dated April 26, 2018, transmitted to Congress by the Chief Justice
on the same day (584 U.S. ; Cong. Rec., vol. 164, p. H3927, Daily
Issue, Ex. Comm. 4789; H. Doc. 115-119), and became effective De
cember 1, 2018. The amendments affected Rules 5, 23, 62, and 65.1.
Committee Notes

Committee Notes prepared by the Committee on Rules of Prac

tice and Procedure and the Advisory Committee on the Federal
Rules of Civil Procedure, Judicial Conference of the United
States, explaining the purpose and intent of the amendments are
set out in the Appendix to Title 28, United States Code, following
the particular rule to which they relate. In addition, the rules and
amendments, together with Committee Notes, are set out in the
House documents listed above.
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