TOPIC: HOW TO WRITE CHAPTER 3 IN
RESEARCH
NAME: SALVHEY C. PANIT
MAED 301
METHODS OF RESEARCH AND
PROCEDURE
 Method of Research Used
 Method of Collecting Data and
Development of the Research
Instrument
 Sampling Design
 Statistical Treatment
METHODS OF RESEARCH
The method of research used
whether historical, descriptive or
experimental should be explained briefly.
The procedural part of the method; it’s
appropriateness to the study, and some of its
advantages should be given attention and
should be well discussed.
METHOD OF COLLECTING DATA AND
DEVELOPMENT OF THE RESEARCH
INSTRUMENT
The instrument used to collect data was
the questionnaire. This was used because
it gathers data faster than any other
method.
THE SAMPLING DESIGN
Before the collection of data starts in any
research project, the proportion of the of the
population to be used must have been
determined already and the computation of
the sample must be finished.
 The size of the population
 The Study of population
 The margin of error and the
proportion of the study population
used
 The type or technique of sampling
used whether pure random,
sampling, systematic random
sampling, stratified random
sampling, cluster sampling or a
combination of 2 or more techniques
 The actual computation of the
sample
 sample
STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA
• Statistical methods help the
researcher in making his research
design, particularly in experimental
research
The Role of Statistic in Research
 Statistical techniques help the
researcher in determining the validity
and reliability of his research
instrument
 Statistical manipulations organize
raw data systematically to make the
latter appropriate for study.
 Statistic is used to test the
hypotheses
 Statistical treatments give meaning
and interpretation of data
 Statistical procedures are
indispensable in determining the
 levels of significance of vital
statistical measures.

Some guidelines in the selection and

application of statistical procedures

 When typical, normal or average is

desired to be known, the measures of
central tendency such as median,
mean or mode may be computed and
used
 When certain proportions of the
population based on certain variables
such as age, height, income etc. are
desired to be known frequency
counts with their frequency percent
may be used.
 When the variables being studied are
abstract or continues such that they
cannot be counted, the weighted
mean may be computed and used if
the average is desired to be known.
 When the variability of the
population is desired to be known the
measure of variability maybe
computed and used.
 When the relative placements of
scores or positions are desired to be
known, ranking, quartile or
percentile rank may be computed
and used
 To determine how one variable
varies with one another, the
coefficient of correlation is
computed.
 If the significance of the difference
between the perceptions of two
groups about certain situation is to be
studied, the computation of the
difference between means is to be
made.
 To determine the relative
effectiveness of the different ways of
doing things to which different
randomized groups are respectively
exposed to and only a post test is
given to the different groups,
analysis of variance is appropriate to
use.
 To determine the effects of some
variables upon a single variable to
which they are related, partial and
multiple correlations are suggested to
be used.
REFLECTION
The purpose of chapter 3 was to
introduce the strategies and techniques that
we will apply in our research. This is the
critical stage where in we will look for the
appropriate data that we will use to help us
to answer the statement of the problem.
This chapter define the scope and limitation
of our research. It will help us to solve our
problems and come to up with the solutions,
conclusions and recommendation in our
findings.