Grade 12 Prototype Examination

Pre-calculus 30

Course Code 8426

November 2016
 Pre-calculus 30

TIME: Two and One-Half Hours

Calculating devices MUST meet the requirements of the Calculator Use Policy. Before an examination begins,
devices must be removed from their cases and placed on the students’ desks for inspection by a mathematics or
science teacher. Cases must be placed on the floor and left there for the duration of the examination. Students
using a standard scientific or graphing calculator must clear all information stored in its memory before the
examination begins.

Devices such as cell phones, tablets, and iPods may be used as a calculating device if they meet the
requirements of the Calculator Use Policy. The school or writing center must be able to lock and control the
device using a feature such as Guided Access, or a management software that limits its functionality to
permissible graphing and financial applications (apps) with similar functionality to an approved graphing
calculator. It is the student’s responsibility to ensure their device complies with the Calculator Use Policy in
advance of the departmental examination session.

Do not spend too much time on any one question. Read each question carefully.

The examination consists of 38 multiple-choice questions followed by 7 numeric response questions of equal
value which will be machine scored. Record your answers on the Student Examination Form which is provided.
Each multiple-choice question has four suggested answers, one of which is better than the others. Select the best
answer and record it on the Student Examination Form as shown in the example below:

Student Examination Form:

Multiple-Choice Questions Numeric Response Questions

This examination is being written in the subject Record your answer in the numeric response section
on the answer sheet.
A. Chemistry.
B. Pre-calculus. What is 10% of $2000? (Round to the
C. Workplace and Apprenticeship Mathematics. nearest dollar.)
D. Foundations of Mathematics.

1. A B C D

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam

November 2016
What is 10% of $248.50? (Round to the nearest What is 10% of 24 125? (Round to the nearest
dollar.) whole number.)

Use an ordinary HB pencil to mark your answers on the Student Examination Form. If you change your mind
about an answer, be sure to erase the first mark completely. There should be only one answer marked for each
question. Be sure there are no stray pencil marks on your answer sheet. If you need space for rough work, use
the space in the examination booklet beside each question.

Do not fold either the Student Examination Form or the examination booklet. Check that your personal
information on the Student Examination Form is correct and complete. Make any necessary changes, and
fill in any missing information. Be sure to complete the Month and Day of Your Birth section.

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam

November 2016
 Pre-calculus 30

Quadratic Formula

b  b 2  4 ac
x
For ax  bx  c  0 ,
2 2a

Arc Length

a r

Trigonometry and Trigonometric Identities

sin  cos θ
tan   cot θ =
cos  sin θ
1 1 1
csc  = secθ= cot  
sin  cos θ tan 
2 2 2 2 2 2
sin θ+ cos θ=1 1+tan θ=sec θ 1+cot θ=csc θ

cos ( A + B ) = cos A cos B  sin A sin B tan A  tan B

tan(A  B ) 
cos ( A  B ) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B 1  tan A tan B
sin ( A + B ) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
tan A  tan B
sin ( A  B ) = sin A cos B  cos A sin B tan(A  B ) 
1  tan A tan B

cos 2   cos 2   sin 2  2 tan 

tan 2 
sin 2   2 sin  cos  cos 2   2 cos 2   1 1  tan 2 
cos 2   1  2 sin 2 

- OVER -
Ministry of
Education 2016-17
Permutations, Combinations, and Binomial Theorem

n! n! n 
Pr  Cr  C   
n
(n  r ) ! n
(n  r ) ! r ! n r
r 

( a  b )n  n C 0 a n b 0  n C1 a n 1b1  n C 2 a n 2b 2  ...  n C n a 0b n

n  n k k
  a b
t k 1 ,  n k n k k
The general term, of the expansion of ( a b ) is:   OR n C k a b

General Form of Transformed Functions

y  k  af (b( x  h ))

y  a sin b( x  c )  d

y  a cos b( x  c )  d

iii
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 Pre-calculus Insert
Ministry of Education

iv
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 Table of Trigonometric Ratios

sin  cos  tan  csc  sec  cot  47 0.7314 0.6820 1.0724 1.3673 1.4663 0.9325
0 0.0000 1.0000 0.0000 1.0000 48 0.7431 0.6691 1.1106 1.3456 1.4945 0.9004
1 0.0175 0.9998 0.0175 57.298 1.0002 57.290 49 0.7547 0.6561 1.1504 1.3250 1.5243 0.8693
2 0.0349 0.9994 0.0349 28.653 1.0006 28.636
3 0.0523 0.9986 0.0524 19.107 1.0014 19.081 50 0.7660 0.6428 1.1918 1.3054 1.5557 0.8391
4 0.0698 0.9976 0.0699 14.335 1.0024 14.300 51 0.7771 0.6293 1.2349 1.2868 1.5890 0.8098
52 0.7880 0.6157 1.2799 1.2690 1.6243 0.7813
5 0.0872 0.9962 0.0875 11.473 1.0038 11.4301 53 0.7986 0.6018 1.3270 1.2521 1.6616 0.7536
6 0.1045 0.9945 0.1051 9.5668 1.0055 9.5144 54 0.8090 0.5878 1.3764 1.2361 1.7013 0.7265
7 0.1219 0.9925 0.1228 8.2055 1.0075 8.1444
8 0.1392 0.9903 0.1405 7.1853 1.0098 7.1154 55 0.8192 0.5736 1.4281 1.2208 1.7434 0.7002
9 0.1564 0.9877 0.1584 6.3925 1.0125 6.3138 56 0.8290 0.5592 1.4826 1.2062 1.7883 0.6745
57 0.8387 0.5446 1.5399 1.1924 1.8361 0.6494
10 0.1736 0.9848 0.1763 5.7588 1.0154 5.6713 58 0.8480 0.5299 1.6003 1.1792 1.8871 0.6249
11 0.1908 0.9816 0.1944 5.2408 1.0187 5.1446 59 0.8572 0.5150 1.6643 1.1666 1.9416 0.6009
12 0.2079 0.9781 0.2126 4.8097 1.0223 4.7046
13 0.2250 0.9744 0.2309 4.4454 1.0263 4.3315 60 0.8660 0.5000 1.7320 1.1547 2.0000 0.5774
14 0.2419 0.9703 0.2493 4.1336 1.0306 4.0108 61 0.8746 0.4848 1.8040 1.1434 2.0627 0.5543
62 0.8829 0.4695 1.8807 1.1326 2.1301 0.5317
15 0.2588 0.9659 0.2679 3.8637 1.0353 3.7321 63 0.8910 0.4540 1.9626 1.1223 2.2027 0.5095
16 0.2756 0.9613 0.2867 3.6280 1.0403 3.4874 64 0.8988 0.4384 2.0503 1.1126 2.2812 0.4877
17 0.2924 0.9563 0.3057 3.4203 1.0457 3.2709
18 0.3090 0.9511 0.3249 3.2361 1.0515 3.0777 65 0.9063 0.4226 2.1445 1.1034 2.3662 0.4663
19 0.3256 0.9455 0.3443 3.0716 1.0576 2.9042 66 0.9135 0.4067 2.2460 1.0946 2.4586 0.4452
67 0.9205 0.3907 2.3558 1.0864 2.5593 0.4245
20 0.3420 0.9397 0.3640 2.9238 1.0642 2.7475 68 0.9272 0.3746 2.4751 1.0785 2.6695 0.4040
21 0.3584 0.9336 0.3839 2.7904 1.0711 2.6051 69 0.9336 0.3584 2.6051 1.0711 2.7904 0.3839
22 0.3746 0.9272 0.4040 2.6695 1.0785 2.4751
23 0.3907 0.9205 0.4245 2.5593 1.0864 2.3559 70 0.9397 0.3420 2.7475 1.0642 2.9238 0.3640
24 0.4067 0.9135 0.4452 2.4586 1.0946 2.2460 71 0.9455 0.3256 2.9042 1.0576 3.0715 0.3443
72 0.9511 0.3090 3.0777 1.0515 3.2361 0.3249
25 0.4226 0.9063 0.4663 2.3662 1.1034 2.1445 73 0.9563 0.2924 3.2708 1.0457 3.4203 0.3057
26 0.4384 0.8988 0.4877 2.2812 1.1126 2.0503 74 0.9613 0.2756 3.4874 1.0403 3.6279 0.2867
27 0.4540 0.8910 0.5095 2.2027 1.1223 1.9626
28 0.4695 0.8829 0.5317 2.1301 1.1326 1.8807 75 0.9659 0.2588 3.7320 1.0353 3.8637 0.2680
29 0.4848 0.8746 0.5543 2.0627 1.1434 1.8040 76 0.9703 0.2419 4.0108 1.0306 4.1335 0.2493
77 0.9744 0.2250 4.3315 1.0263 4.4454 0.2309
30 0.5000 0.8660 0.5773 2.0000 1.1547 1.7321 78 0.9781 0.2079 4.7046 1.0223 4.8097 0.2126
31 0.5150 0.8572 0.6009 1.9416 1.1666 1.6643 79 0.9816 0.1908 5.1445 1.0187 5.2408 0.1944
32 0.5299 0.8480 0.6249 1.8871 1.1792 1.6003
33 0.5446 0.8387 0.6494 1.8361 1.1924 1.5399 80 0.9848 0.1736 5.6712 1.0154 5.7587 0.1763
34 0.5592 0.8290 0.6745 1.7883 1.2062 1.4826 81 0.9877 0.1564 6.3137 1.0125 6.3924 0.1584
82 0.9903 0.1392 7.1153 1.0098 7.1852 0.1405
35 0.5736 0.8192 0.7002 1.7434 1.2208 1.4281 83 0.9925 0.1219 8.1443 1.0075 8.2054 0.1228
36 0.5878 0.8090 0.7265 1.7013 1.2361 1.3764 84 0.9945 0.1045 9.5143 1.0055 9.5667 0.1051
37 0.6018 0.7986 0.7536 1.6616 1.2521 1.3270
38 0.6157 0.7880 0.7813 1.6243 1.2690 1.2799 85 0.9962 0.0872 11.429 1.0038 11.473 0.0875
39 0.6293 0.7771 0.8098 1.5890 1.2868 1.2349 86 0.9976 0.0698 14.300 1.0024 14.335 0.0699
87 0.9986 0.0523 19.080 1.0014 19.106 0.0524
40 0.6428 0.7660 0.8391 1.5557 1.3054 1.1918 88 0.9994 0.0349 28.635 1.0006 28.652 0.0349
41 0.6561 0.7547 0.8693 1.5243 1.3250 1.1504 89 0.9998 0.0175 57.285 1.0002 57.294 0.0175
42 0.6691 0.7431 0.9004 1.4945 1.3456 1.1106 90 1.0000 0.0000 1.0000 0.0000
43 0.6820 0.7314 0.9325 1.4663 1.3673 1.0724
44 0.6947 0.7193 0.9657 1.4396 1.3902 1.0355

sin  cos  tan  csc  sec  cot 

45 0.7071 0.7071 1.0000 1.4142 1.4142 1.0000
46 0.7193 0.6947 1.0355 1.3902 1.4396 0.9657
v
 GRADE 12 DEPARTMENTAL EXAMINATION

PRE-CALCULUS 30 PROTOTYPE
NOVEMBER 2016

VALUE Answer the following 45 questions on the computer sheet entitled “Student
(45  2) Examination Form.”

MULTIPLE - CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Which of the following would be impacted by a change to the parameter “ h ” when

graphing y  a  f (b( x  h ))  k ?

A. vertical stretch
B. horizontal stretch
C. vertical translation
D. horizontal translation

x 2
2. Which logarithmic expression is equivalent to y  5 ?

A.
( x  2) log 5  y

B. log 5 ( x  2)  y
log 5 y  x  2
C.
log y ( x  2)  5
D.

-1-
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
3. The graph of y  f ( x ) is transformed to produce the graph of y  g ( x ) as shown
below:

Which of the following equations best describes y  g ( x )?

A. g ( x )  f ( x  1)  2
B. g ( x )  f ( x  1)  2
C. g ( x )  f ( x  2)  1
D. g ( x )  f ( x  2)  1

Functions f ( x ) and g ( x ) are defined by f ( x )   2 x  3 x  2 and

2
4.
g ( x )  4 x 2  3. What is the equation of function h ( x ) if h ( x )  ( g  f )x ?

A. h (x )   6 x 2  3x  5

B. h (x )   6 x 2  3x  1

C. h (x )  6 x 2  3x  5

D. h (x )  6 x 2  3x  1

-2-
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
5. The point ( x , y ) lies on the graph of y  f ( x ). Which of the following statements
about this point is TRUE?

A. It will map to the point ( x ,  y ) on the graph of y   f ( x ).

B. It will map to the point ( x ,  y ) on the graph of y  f (  x ).
C. It will map to the point (  x ,  y ) on the graph of y   f ( x ).
D. It will map to the point (  x ,  y ) on the graph of y  f (  x ).

1
y 5  ( x  16)2 ?
6. What is the equation of the inverse relation of 2

y   16  2 ( x  5)
A.
y   16  2( x  5)
B.
y  4 2 ( x  5)
C.
y 4  2( x  5)
D.

-3-
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
7. Which of the following fully represents the graph of the rational function
5 x  13
f (x )  ,
x  3 including all asymptotes?

A.

B.

C.

D.

-4-
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 log 2 x 6 y 4  log 2 xy 3  4 log 2 x 2 y ,
8. What is the single logarithm of written in
simplest form?

A. log 2 4 x 4

B. log 2 x 10 y 3

C. log 2 x 8 y 4

D. log 2 ( x 3 y 2  xy 3  x 8 y 4 )

9. A polynomial function is graphed below:

What are the factors of this polynomial function?

 1
x ( x  2)( x  1)  x  
 2
A.
 1
x ( x  2)( x  1)  x  
 2
B.
 1
x ( x  2)( x  2)( x  1)  x  
 2
C.
 1
x ( x  2)( x  2)( x  1)  x  
 2
D.

-5-
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
10. Four relations are graphed below. Which relation and its inverse are both
functions?

A.

B.

C.

D.

-6-
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
11. Functions y  f ( x ) and y  g ( x ) are defined by
f ( x )  2 x and g ( x )  x  1.

Which of the following best represents the graph of y  f ( g ( x )) ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

-7-
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
12. Which of the following statements is always TRUE about an exponential function
in the form y  a , where a  0 ?
x

A. The function has an x-intercept of 1.

B. The range of the function is

 y y  0, y    .
C. The function has a vertical asymptote of x  0.
D. The function increases in value as x increases.

log 6 ( x  5)  log 6 ( x )  2 ?
13. What is the solution set of

A.
 9
B.
  4
C.
  4, 9 
D. no solution

-8-
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 Which of the following represents the graph of f ( x )  x  3 x  2 ?
3
14.

A.

B.

C.

D.

-9-
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 How will the graph of y  2 x  3 x be transformed if it has been modified to be
2
15.
y  2( x  3)2  3( x  3)  4 ?

A. The new graph will shift 4 units to the right and 3 units up.
B. The new graph will shift 3 units to the right and 4 units up.
C. The new graph will shift 4 units to the left and 3 units down.
D. The new graph will shift 3 units to the left and 4 units down.

What is the result when you divide 4 x  9 x  58 x  15 by x  3 ?

3 2
16.

A. 4 x 2  3 x  49

B. 4 x 2  21 x  5

C. 4 x 3  21 x 2  5 x

D. 4 x 3  3 x 2  49 x  132

(  8)
f (x )  x  4 ?
17. What are the x-intercepts of x 3

A. (3, 0) and (4, 0)

B. (  5, 0) and (4, 0)
C. (5, 0) and (  4, 0)
D. (  4, 0) and (  3, 0)

18. What is the solution set of

x  13  x  1 ?

A.
 3
B.
 4
C.
  4, 3 
D.
  3, 4 
- 10 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 2 x 2  10 x
f (x )  .
19. A function is defined by x 2  3 x  10 On the graph of f ( x ), where are the
vertical asymptote(s) and the point of discontinuity (hole) located?

A. vertical asymptote at x  5; no point of discontinuity

 10 
 5, 
x  2;  7 
B. vertical asymptote at point of discontinuity at
 10 
 5, 
  7 
C. vertical asymptote at x 2; point of discontinuity at 

D. vertical asymptotes at x   2 and x  5; no point of discontinuity

20. A square piece of cardboard measures 24 inches per side. Julie cuts
4 smaller squares from each corner of the cardboard as shown by the shading in the
diagram below. She then bends up the sides of the remaining cardboard to form an
open box with no top.

If the squares she cut out had sides of x inches, what is the polynomial expression,
V(x), that represents the volume of the box?

A. V ( x )  x 3  144 x

B. V ( x )  4 x 3  576 x

C. V ( x )  x 3  48 x 2  576 x

D. V ( x )  4 x 3  96 x 2  576 x

- 11 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
21. Which of the following sketches shows an angle of 100° in standard position?

A.

B.

C.

D.

- 12 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 5
cos    ,
22. The terminal arm of angle  is located in quadrant III. If 13 what is
the exact value of t a n  ?

12

A. 5
12

B. 13
12
C. 13
12
D. 5

23. What is the exact value of cos 15  

6 2
A. 4

6 2
B. 4

6 2
C. 2

6 2
D. 2

24. What are all of the non-permissible values for  in t a n  csc   sec  ?

A.   0, n

 3
  0, ,
B. 2 2

C.    n, n  I

- 13 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 
 n, n  I
D. 2

- 14 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 2 3
csc    ,
25. What are the possible values of  if 3 where 0   < 2  ?

 11 
,
A. 6 6
 2
,
B. 3 3
5 7
,
C. 6 6
4 5
,
D. 3 3

26. Which of the following statements is TRUE for all permissible values of  ?

A. t a n 2 sec   sin 2 

B. (1  t a n 2  ) cos   1

C. (1  cos 2  ) csc 2   1

D. cos  t a n  csc   sin 2 

  
y  2 cos 3      2
 6 
27. What is the phase shift (horizontal translation) of with
respect to y  cos  ?

A. 2 units to the left


B. 6 units to the left

C. 2 units to the right


D. 6 units to the right

- 15 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 
, 
28. Which of the following shows all of the angles that are coterminal with  6
where  4    < 4  ?

11 
A. 6
13  11 
 ,
B. 6 6
13  11  23 
 , ,
C. 6 6 6
25  13  11  23 
 , , ,
D. 6 6 6 6

29. The graph of y  cos  has been transformed so that the resultant graph has the
following characteristics:

 amplitude is 4

 phase shift (horizontal translation) is 2 to the left
 vertical displacement is 2 units down

Which of the following equations would produce a graph that has all of the above
characteristics?

  
y   2 cos 3      4
 2
A.
  
y   2 cos 3      4
 2
B.
  
y  4 cos 3      2
 2 
C.
  
y  4 cos 3      2
 2
D.

- 16 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
30. To the nearest degree, what is the general solution for 5 cot   6  0 ?

A.   130   180 n , n  I

B.   130   360 n , n  I

C.   140   180 n , n  I
D.   140   360 n , n  I

31. What is 1  (cos x )(cot x )(csc x ) simplified?

A. csc 2 x

B. cos 2 x

C. sec 2 x

D. sin 2 x

What is the solution set of 2 sin   sin   0, where 0    2  ?

2
32.

  5  
 0, , ,
A.  6 6 

  11  
 0, ,  , 
B.  6 6 

  4  
 0, , ,
C.  3 3 

  5 
 0, ,  , 
D.  3 3 

- 17 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
33. Mr. Wallace challenged his math club to derive the unit circle equation using a
method of their choice. Submissions from 4 of the club members are shown below:

a 2  b 2  c2
(  x )2  y 2  r 2
Andrew x 2  y 2  12
x 2  y2  1

d ( x 2  x 1 )2  ( y2  y1 )2

1 ( x  0)2  (0  (  y ))2

Becky 1 ( x )2  (0  y )2

1 x 2  y2
12  x 2  y 2
1  x 2  y2

a 2  b 2  c2
(  x )2  y 2  r 2
Colin x 2  y 2  12
x 2  y2  1

d ( x 2  x 1 )2  ( y2  y1 )2

1 ( x  0)2  ( y  0)2
Darla 1 ( x )2  y 2
12  x 2  y 2
1  x 2  y2

- 18 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 Which students submitted a fully correct derivation of the unit circle equation?

A. Andrew and Darla

B. Andrew and Becky
C. Colin and Becky
D. Colin and Darla

34. The point (6, b ) is on the terminal arm of an angle,  , in standard position. If
4
tan  
3 and  is a first-quadrant angle, what is the exact value of b ?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8

35. You can purchase a Roughrider license plate made up of 1 letter, either R or S, and
4 digits. The letter can go in any of the 5 spots and repetition of digits is allowed.
How many different Roughrider license plates of this form can be made?

A. 20 000
B. 65 610
C. 100 000
D. 248 832

- 19 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
36. Which of the following represents the 2nd term in the expansion
of (3 x  4) ?
7

   4 
6 1
7 C1 3 x
A.
 3x   4
5 2
7 C2
B.
 3x   4
2 5
7 C2
C.
 3x   4
1 6
7 C1
D.

37. Which of the following shows one way to calculate for the number of different
arrangements that can be made using all of the letters of the word
TRAMPOLINE?

A. 10 C10

B. 10 P10

C. 10 C1

D. 10 P1

38. What is the solution set for r given 9 C r  84 ?

A.
 3
B.
 4
C.
 3, 6 
D.
 4, 5 

- 20 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
NUMERIC RESPONSE QUESTIONS

Record your answer in the Numeric Response section of the “Student

Examination Form.”

39. Function f(x) and g(x) are graphed below. What is the value of g ( f (  3)) ?
 g
yy = g((xx))

y  ff ((xx)

40. The graphs of 10 different polynomial functions are sketched below:

How many of these polynomials have a negative leading coefficient and an odd
degree?

- 21 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
41. Kim drew a sketch of the shot put field she was setting up. What is the measure of
the central angle, x, in her sketch of her field? (Round to the nearest degree.)

42. Heidi marks 2 points on an inner tube, one on the inside and the other on the
outside, as shown in the left diagram below. When the tire is rolled along the floor,
Heidi measures and records the heights of the 2 points. Her graph of the data is the
sinusoidal curves shown below:

What is the difference in the radii of the 2 circles formed by the inner tube? (Round
to the nearest inch.)

- 22 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
43. Scott bought a new car for $35 000. Each month the car depreciates by 1.2%. Scott
plans to sell the car once it reaches a value of $20 000. The equation to determine
the time it takes for the car to depreciate to this amount is
 
t
20 000  35 000 0.988 , t
where t represents the number of months.

How many months will it take for Scott’s car to depreciate to $20 000? (Round to
the nearest month.)

44. What is the approximate solution to 4 cos   1   3 cos   4, where

270    < 360  ? (Round to the nearest degree.)

45. A test has 2 parts. Students must answer 18 out of 20 multiple-choice questions in
Part A and 2 out of 4 long-answer questions in Part B. How many different
combinations of questions are there for this test?

- 23 -
Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam
November 2016
 GRADE 12 DEPARTMENTAL EXAMINATION
Pre-calculus 30
PROTOTYPE EXAM − Answer Key

(See Explanation of Answers)

1. D 11. C 21. C 31. A 41. 38 − 39

2. C 12. B 22. D 32. A 42. 15
3. A 13. A 23. B 33. A 43. 46 – 47
4. D 14. D 24. D 34. D 44. 295 − 296
5. A 15. D 25. D 35. C 45. 1140
6. B 16. B 26. C 36. A
7. A 17. B 27. B 37. B
8. B 18. A 28. C 38. C
9. C 19. C 29. D 39. 8
10. B 20. D 30. C 40. 1

Explanation of Answers

1. D.

The parameters a , b, h , a n d k in the function y  a  f (b( x  h ))  k correspond to the

following transformations:

 a corresponds to a vertical stretch about the x-axis.

 b corresponds to a horizontal stretch about the y-axis.
 h corresponds to a horizontal translation.
 k corresponds to a vertical translation.

Thus, when parameter h is changed, the graph translates to the left or right, thus
undergoing a horizontal translation.

2. C.

In general:
log b x  y  b y  x

Therefore,
y  5 x 2
log 5 y  ( x  2)
3. A.
-i-

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
 To translate a function 1 unit to the right, each individual x must have
a value of 1 subtracted from it. This means that y  f ( x ) will become y  f ( x  1).

To translate a function 2 units down, the entire equation must have a

value of 2 subtracted from it. This means that y  f ( x  1) will become y  f ( x  1)  2
or g ( x )  f ( x  1)  2

4. D.

h ( x )  ( g  f )x
 g (x )  f (x )
 (4 x 2  3)  ( 2 x 2  3 x  2)
 4 x 2  3  2x 2  3x  2
 6x 2  3x  1

5. A.

Given the function y  f ( x ) :

 y   f ( x ) is a reflection in the x-axis and each point ( x , y ) will map to a point

( x ,  y ) ; and,
 y  f (  x ) is a reflection in the y-axis and each point ( x , y ) will map to the
point (  x , y ).

The only correct statement is A.

- ii -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
6. B.

1
y 5 
( x  16)2 ,
To find the inverse equation of 2 exchange x and y. The equation of
the inverse relation can then be found by solving for y.

1
x 5  ( y  16)2
2
2( x  5)  ( y  16)2
 2( x  5)  y  16
16  2( x  5)  y
y  16  2( x  5)

7. A.

5 x  13
f (x ) 
The graph of x  3 crosses the x-axis at the point when y  0 :
 13 
5 x  13 13  , 0 .
0 ; 5 x  13  0; x  .
x 3 5 The x-intercept is at  5 
The function crosses the y-axis at the point when x  0 :

y
 
5 0  13

13 13
 .
 13 
 0, .
 0  3 3 3
The y-intercept is at 
3 

The function has a vertical asymptote at the point where the denominator is equal to 0,
which occurs at x  3.

Since the degree of the polynomials in the numerator and the denominator are equal, the

horizontal asymptote can be found from the ratio of the leading coefficients
 y 5 .
The graph that has all of these characteristics is A.

- iii -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
8. B.

log 2 x 6 y 4  log 2 xy 3  4 log 2 x 2 y

1
 log 2 ( x 6 y 4 ) 2  log 2 xy 3  log 2 ( x 2 y )4
 log 2 x 3 y 2  log 2 xy 3  log 2 x 8 y 4
( x 3 y 2 )( x 8 y 4 )
 log 2
xy 3
x 11 y 6
 log 2
xy3
 log 2 x 10 y 3

9. C.

The given polynomial function has:

1
x , 0, a nd  1
 3 zeros with a multiplicity of 1 (at 2 )
because the graph crosses the x-axis.

 1 zero with a multiplicity of 2 (at x  2 ) because the

graph is tangent to the x-axis.

The factors that give zeroes with a multiplicity of 1, and will appear once in the factored
 1
 x   , x , a n d ( x  1);
2
form of the polynomial function, are  the factor ( x  2) will
appear twice since the zero at 2 has a multiplicity of 2. Therefore the factored form of
 1
x ( x  2)( x  2)( x  1)  x   .
 2
this polynomial function is

- iv -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
10. B.

A relation is a function only if there is only one value of y in the range for each value of x
in the domain. A graph of a relation will be a function if it passes the vertical line test.
Options A and B both pass the vertical line test and these relations are, therefore,
functions.

A relation will have an inverse that is a function if there is only one value of x xin the
domain for each value of yy in the range. The graph of the original function will pass the
horizontal line test if the inverse is also a function. Options B and D both pass the
horizontal line test and the inverses of these relations are, therefore, functions.

The only option that passes both the vertical and the horizontal line tests is B.

11. C.

To find f ( g ( x )) substitute x  1 for x in

f ( x ), f ( g ( x ))  2  x 1  .

The domain of this function is

 x| x  1, x  R  and the range of the function is
y| y  0, y  R .

The graph is a translation of the basic function

y  x with a vertical stretch of 2 and a
horizontal shift of 1 to the left. This corresponds to option C.

-v-

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
12. A.

The graph of the exponential function y  a passes from quadrant II into quadrant I and
x

is:

 decreasing for 0  a  1  increasing for a  1

y  ax , 0  x 1 y  ax , a 1

Each graph has a y-intercept of 1, a horizontal asymptote of y  0, and depending on the

value of a , the function may be increasing, decreasing, or constant (if a  1). Thus the
only statement that is always true is B.

- vi -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
13. A.

 
log 6 x  5  log 6 x  2  
log 6  x  5   x   log 6 36

  x  5   x   36
x 2  5 x  36
x 2  5 x  36  0
 x 9   x 4   0
x  9  a n d  x  4

Check for extraneous roots by substituting each value into the original equation:

ch eck: x  9
log 6 (9  5)  log 6 (9)  2
log 6 (4 )  log 6 (9)  2
log 6 (4  9)  2
log 6 (36)  2
22

 x  9 is a solution to this logarithmic equation.

Check: x  4
log 6 ( 4  5)  log 6 ( 4)  2
log 6 ( 9)  log 6 ( 4)  2

 x  4 is extraneous because you cannot take the logarithm of a negative number.

- vii -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
14. D.

The function f ( x )  x  3 x  2 is a cubic function (an odd degree) with a positive

3

leading coefficient, and therefore will extend down into quadrant III and up into quadrant
I.

Factoring the function completely results in f ( x )  ( x  1) ( x  2). The roots of this

2

equation are x  1, which has a multiplicity of2 2, and x  2, which has a multiplicity
of 1. Therefore, the graph will touch, but not cross, the x-axis at x  1, x=−1 and will
cross the x-axis at x  2. x=2

15. D.

There is a value (3) being added to each individual x so the graph will shift3 3 units to the
left. The entire equation has 4 being subtracted from it, so y the graph will shift4 4 units
down.

16. B.

Using synthetic division, we have:

4x 3 9x 2 58x 15
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
3 4 9 −58 −15
12 63 15
4 21 5 0

 The quotient is: 4 x  21 x  5.

2

- viii -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
17. B.

Method One – With Technology

( 8)
yx 4
Graphing x 3 gives the graph shown below. The graph crosses the x-
axis twice (once at 5 and once at 4). Therefore, the
x-intercepts are ( 5, 0) and ( 4, 0).

Method Two – Algebraic Manipulation

Finding the x-intercepts can be done by setting the equation equal to zero and solving
for x.

( 8)
x 4 0
x 3
( 8)
x ( x  3)  ( x  3)  4( x  3)  0( x  3)
( x  3)
x 2  3 x  ( 8)  4 x  12  0
x 2  x  20  0
( x  5)( x  4)  0
x  5 a n d x  4

Checking for extraneous roots by substituting each value into the original equation shows
that both x  5 and x  4 are permissible. Therefore, the
x-intercepts are ( 5, 0) and (4, 0).

- ix -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
18. A.

x  13  x  1 Verification:
x  13  ( x  1)2
? ?
x  13  x 2  2 x  1 4  13  4  1 3  13  3  1

x 2  x  12  0 ?
9  3
?
16  4
( x  4)( x  3)  0 3  3 4 4
x 4 x 3

Therefore, x   4 is extraneous and the solution set is  

3 .

-x-

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
19. C.

Method One – With Technology

2 x 2  10 x
f (x ) 
Graphing x 2  3 x  10 gives the graph shown below.

The graph has a vertical asymptote at x  2. Checking the table of values associated
with this graph shows an error when x  5. Since this does not appear as an
asymptote, it must be a point of discontinuity (hole).

2 x ( x  5) 2x
f (x )  f (x )  .
Simplifying the equation gives ( x  2)( x  5) or x  2 By
substituting x  5 into this reduced equation, the coordinates of the point of
 10 
 5, .
 7 
discontinuity (hole) can be found to be

Method Two – Algebraic Manipulation

2 x 2  10 x 2 x ( x  5)
f (x )  f (x ) 
The equation x 2  3 x  10 can be rewritten as ( x  2)( x  5) or
2x
f (x )  .
x 2

Functions will have vertical asymptotes along lines where they are undefined, which
happens when there is a non-zero value being divided by zero. For this equation, this
occurs at x  2 because ( x  2) is a factor of the denominator but not the numerator.

- xi -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
 Holes or points of discontinuity occur when a point is indeterminate, which occurs
2 x 2  10 x
f (x )  2
when there is a value of zero being divided by zero. For x  3 x  10 there
will be a hole when x  5 because the numerator and denominator have a common
factor of ( x  5). By substituting x  5 into the reduced equation, the coordinates of
 10 
 5, .
7
the point of discontinuity (hole) can be found to be  

20. D.

The volume of a box can be found by multiplying its length, width, and height. The
dimensions of the open box made by Julie are shown in the diagram below:

V ( x )  len gt h  widt h  h eigh t

V ( x )  (24  2 x )  (24  2 x )  x
V ( x )  (576  96 x  4 x 2 )  x
V ( x )  576 x  96 x 2  4 x 3
V ( x )  4 x 3  96 x 2  576 x

- xii -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
21. C.

An angle in standard position has its centre at the origin and its initial arm along the
positive x-axis. The terminal arm for a 100 angle is located in Quadrant II.

22. D.

5
cos    ,
For 1 3 x   5, r  13, then:
x 2  y2  r 2
( 5)2  y 2  13 2
y   169  25
y   12

For any angle in quadrant III, both the x- and y-coordinates will be negative. Therefore,
y  12 12
tan     .
y   12 and x 5 5

- xiii -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
23. B.

cos( A  B )  cos A cos B  sin A sin B

 cos(15 )  cos(45   30 )
 cos 45 cos 30  sin 45 sin 30
 2  3   2  1 
    
 2  2   2  2 
    
 6   2 
  
 4   4 
   
6 2

4

24. D.

sin 
tan  
cos 
cos   0
 3
Th is occu rs a t , , ...
2 2

1
csc  
sin 
sin   0
Th is occu rs a t 0, 2 , ...

1
sec  
cos 
cos   0
 3
Th is occu rs a t , , ...
2 2


 n, n  I
Therefore the non-permissible values are 2

- xiv -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
25. D.

The cosecant function is the reciprocal of sine. Thus:

2 3 3 3 3 3
csc     sin     
3 2 3 2(3) 2

The sine function is negative in quadrants III and IV. The reference angle for
3 
sin   .
2 is 3 Therefore, the angles within the given domain that are solutions to
2 3
csc   
the equation 3 are:
 
   and   2 
3 3
4 5
 and 
3 3

26. C.

Using verification, students can choose an angle to substitute into each possible identity
to determine which ones actually are identities. The table below shows each option being
verified using 15 .

? ?
(1  cos 2  ) csc 2   1 cos  t a n  csc   sin 2 
? ?
(1  cos 2 15 ) csc 2 1 5   1 cos 15  t a n 15  csc 15   sin 2 15 
? ?
(0.066987298)(14.9 28203)  1 (0.9659258)(0.2679491)(3.863703)  (0.0669872)
1 1 1  0.0669872

? ?
t a n 2  sec   sin 2  (1  t a n 2  ) cos   1
? ?
t a n 2 15  sec 15   sin 2 15  (1  t a n 2 15 ) cos 15   1
? ?
(0.0717968)(1.0352762)  (0.066987298) (1.07179667)(0.9659258263)1
0.07432949  0.066987298 1.03527618  1

Verifying this numerically using   15  , the correct response is (1  cos  ) csc   1 .

2 2

- xv -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
27. B.

The phase shift (horizontal translation) is represented by the value of c in

y  a cos b( x  c )  d .

 If c  0, the phase shift will be to the right.

 If c  0, the phase shift will be to the left.

  
y  2 cos 3      2, 
6  .
For   the value of c is 6 Therefore, the phase shift

(horizontal translation) is 6 to the left.

28. C.

 
   2 n , n  N .
The angles that are coterminal with 6 can be represented by 6
Substitute values for n to determine the angles in the given domain.

n 1 2 3
 13  25  37 
  2 n   
6 6 6 6
 11  23  35 
  2 n
6 6 6 6

 13 
  ,
The angles in the domain  4    < 4  that are coterminal with 6 are 6
11  23 
, .
6 and 6

- xvi -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
29. D.

The equation in question must have the following characteristics:

 An amplitude of 4 means the possible values of a in y  a cos b( x  c )  d are

4 a n d  4. Options C and D meet this criteria.

 A phase shift (horizontal translation) that moves the graph of y  cos  to the left
 
.  .
by 2 This means that the value of c in y  a cos b(  c )  d is 2 B and
D meet this criteria.
 A vertical displacement of 2 units down. This means that the value of d in
y  a cos b(  c )  d is 2. Options C and D meet this criteria.

The only equation that meets all the criteria is D.

30. C.

5 cot   6  0
6
cot   
5
5
tan   
6
  39.8 

5
tan   
Since the period for the tangent function is 180 , 6 will also be true for
140.2 ( 39.8   180 ). Therefore, the general solution to this equation is
  140   180 n , n  I .

- xvii -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
31. A.

 cos x   1 
1  (cos x )(cot x )(csc x )  1  (cos x )   
 sin x   sin x 
 cos 2 x 
1   
 sin 2 x 
 
 1  cot x
2

 csc 2 x

32. A.

2 sin 2   sin   0
sin  (2 sin   1)  0
sin   0 and 2 sin   1  0
1
  0,  and sin  
2
 5
 ,
6 6

  5  
 0, , ,
6 6
Therefore, the solution set is:   .

- xviii -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
33. A.

 Andrew has a correct derivation using the Pythagorean Theorem.

 Becky’s derivation is not correct as she attempted to use the distance formula but
made incorrect substitutions for the second point. To be fully correct, the
derivation is:

d ( x 2  x1 )2  ( y2  y1 )2

1 ( x  0)2  (  y  0)2

1 ( x )2  (  y )2

1 x 2  y2
12  x 2  y 2
1  x 2  y2

 Colin’s derivation is not fully correct as his circle has a radius of 2 and is not a
unit circle. Thus, his substitution for r is incorrect.

 Darla has a correct derivation using the distance formula.

Andrew and Darla are the 2 students with the correct derivations.

- xix -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
34. D.

4
tan  
For a first-quadrant angle where 3 , y  4 a n d x  3.

For the point (6, b ), the x-value has been doubled. Since the ratio between x and y must
be constant, the y-value will also be doubled.

 y  2(4)  8.

35. C.

Decisions must be made about which of the 2 letters (R or S) to include, which of the 5
possible spots to place the letter, and which digits ( 0  9 ) should fill the other four spots.

Since repetition is allowed, the number of different Roughrider license plates is:

 (2  10  10  10  10)  (10  2  10  10  10)  (10  10  2  10  10)  (10  10  10  2  10) 

(10  10  10  10  2)
 20 000  20 000  20 000  20 000  20 000
 100 000
OR

 (2  5  10  10  10  10)
 100 000

- xx -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
36. A.

 n  n ( r 1 ) r 1
 a b
th ( a  b ) n
 r  1 
The r term of the expansion of is:

For the binomial (3 x  4) , a  3 x , b  4, a n d n  7. The 2nd term is thus:

7

 7  7 (2 1 )
 ( 4)2 1
 2  1 
3x
 
7 
   3 x 7 (1) ( 4)1
1 
 
 7C1 (3 x )6 (  4)1

37. B

All 10 letters are being used taken 10 at a time, and there are no repetitions.

n Pn  10 P10  3 628 800

38. C.

9 C0  1 9 C1  9 9 C 2  36 9 C3  84 9 C 4  126
9 C 5  126 9 C 6  84 9 C 7  36 9 C8  9 9 C9  1

Therefore, r  3 and r  6 are both solutions to this equation.

- xxi -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
39. Numeric Response: 8

Using the graphs for f ( x ) and g ( x ) as shown:

f ( 3)  2 and then g (2)  8.

 g ( f ( 3))  8.
 gg((xx))
y =

y  ff ((x)
x)

40. Numeric Response: 1

Polynomial functions with an odd degree will extend up into quadrant II and down into
quadrant IV when the leading coefficient is negative, such as:

There is only 1 graph that meets this criteria.

- xxii -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
41. Numeric Response: 38 – 39

a  r
a

r
0.75 m

 2.25 m 
 
 2 
  0.6 ra dia n s

180 
  0.6 ra dia n s 
 r a dia n s
  38.197 

42. Numeric Response: 15

The radius of each inner tube will be equal to the amplitude of each curve.
 m a xim u m va lu e  m in im u m va lu e 
 a m plit u de  .
 2 
(50  0 )
 25,
The path of the point on the large inner tube has an amplitude of 2 which
means the radius of the large inner tube is 25 inches.

(35  15)
 10,
The path of the point on the small inner tube has an amplitude of 2 which
means the radius of the small inner tube is 10 inches.

Therefore, the difference between the two radii is: 25 in  10 in  15 in.

- xxiii -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
43. Numeric Response: 46 – 47

20 000  35 000 (0.988)t

20 0 00
 (0.988)t
35 0 00
4
 (0.988)t
7
4
log  log(0.988)t
7
4
log  (t ) log(0.988)
7
4
log
t 7
log(0.988)
t  46.3542781 m on t h s

Therefore, it will take between 46 and 47 months for a $35 000 car to depreciate to $20
000.

44. Numeric Response: 295 – 296

4 cos   1   3 cos   4
7 cos θ  3
3
cos    
7
  64.6 

This is the reference angle in quadrant I. We need to find the corresponding angle in
quadrant IV to meet the restrictions given in domain 270     360  :

360   64.6   295.4 

45. Numeric Response: 1140

 20C18  4 C 2
 (190)(6)
 1140

- xxiv -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016
Question by Outcome

Question Outcome Question Outcome Question Outcome

1. PC30.7 16. PC30.10 31. PC30.5
2. PC30.9 17. PC30.11 32. PC30.4
3. PC30.7 18. PC30.11 33. PC30.2
4. PC30.6 19. PC30.11 34. PC30.2
5. PC30.8 20. PC30.10 35. PC30.12
6. PC30.8 21. PC30.1 36. PC30.13
7. PC30.11 22. PC30.2 37. PC30.12
8. PC30.9 23. PC30.5 38. PC30.13
9. PC30.10 24. PC30.5 39. PC30.6
10. PC30.8 25. PC30.2 40. PC30.10
11. PC30.6 26. PC30.5 41. PC30.1
12. PC30.9 27. PC30.3 42. PC30.3
13. PC30.9 28. PC30.1 43. PC30.9
14. PC30.10 29. PC30.3 44. PC30.4
15. PC30.7 30. PC30.4 45. PC30.13

Numeric
Multiple-choice
Content Area Outcomes Response
Questions
Questions
Algebra 6 − 11 1 – 20 39 −40, 43

Trigonometry 1−5 21 – 34 41 − 42, 44

Permutations, Combinations, and
12 − 13 35 − 38 45
the Binomial Theorem

- xxv -

Pre-calculus 30, Prototype Exam Answer Key

November 2016