LIMBA ENGLEZĂ

ANUL I

- S e m e s t r u l al II-lea -

Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agronomice şi Medicină Veterinară

Facultatea de Management și Dezvoltare Rurală

Bucureşti
2020
 UNIT 2
WHAT DO YOU DO FOR A LIVING?

Exercise 1. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the difference between:
- a job
..................................................................................................................................................
.........
..................................................................................................................................................
.........
- a career
..................................................................................................................................................
.........
..................................................................................................................................................
.........
- a profession
..................................................................................................................................................
.........
..................................................................................................................................................
.........
- an occupation
..................................................................................................................................................
.........
..................................................................................................................................................
.........
2. Is engineering a job, a career or a profession?
……………………………………………………………..….
………………………………………………………………………………………………
……...……………………………………
..................................................................................................................................................
.........
..................................................................................................................................................
.........

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Exercise 2. How many job names can you list below?

Exercise 3. Can you list some of the jobs that have disappeared or are no longer appealing
on the job market? Any jobs that have been created recently?
DISAPPEARING JOBS RECENTLY CREATED JOBS

Exercise 4. Who would you contact in the situations below? Find the appropriate person
for each situation.
1. (dog) breeder 10. (garage) mechanic 19. antique dealer 28. architect
2. barrister 11. bookmaker 20. broker
29.building contractor
3. carpenter 12. chiropodist 21. chiropractor 30.
dentist
4. driving instructor 13. electrician 22. estate agent 31. fire brigade
5. glazier 14. hairdresser (hair stylist) 23. interior decorator 32. optician
6. masseur (masseuse)15. maintenance engineer 24. osteopath 33.
photographer
7. physiotherapist 16. piano tuner 25. plumber 34. psychiatrist

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8. removal firm 17. social worker 26. solicitor 35. vicar
(priest)
9. travel agent 18. undertaker 27. scrap metal dealer (merchant)

............... a filling has come out of one of your back teeth

............... you think your eyes need testing
............... you find you have an in-growing toenail
............... your back hurts and your doctor can’t help (find 4 people)
............... your fringe is getting a bit too long
............... you want a portrait photograph of yourself
............... you have decided to sue somebody (find 2 people)
............... you fancy a holiday in the sun
............... you want advice on investment or insurance
............... your piano does not sound quite right
............... you want to find a 400-year-old grandfather clock
............... you are planning a church wedding
............... your car won’t start
............... you want to place a bet on the 3.45 race at Ascot
............... someone in the family has just died
............... you want to learn to drive
............... you want to buy a pedigree Alsatian
............... you have decided to sell your house
............... you want plans drawn up for a new house
............... you want to have the new house built
............... you are moving house and have a furniture problem
............... you have lots of old iron you want to get rid of
............... you want new windows put into the house (find 2 people)
............... your new fridge is leaking
............... you like the idea of new wallpaper throughout the house
............... water is gushing from your kitchen taps even when turned off
............... all the lights in your house have fused
............... you think your neighbours just might be neglecting their little child
............... your house is on fire
............... you think you are going crazy

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Exercise 5. Which of these people wears a uniform or a special outfit at work? Choose
some of the items below:
apron badge jeans diving suit
earmuffs face shield gas mask goggles
hat high-visibility vest knee-high boots leather jacket
overall over-trousers rubber gloves safety helmet
sneakers sunglasses suit and tie T-shirt

Exercise 6. Listen to somebody talking about his past and present jobs and answer the
following questions:
1. What is the speaker’s current job? How long has he had this job?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
…
2. In your opinion, is it a job, an occupation, a profession or a career?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
…
3. Does he find any advantages in his job?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
…
4. What was his previous job? How long did he do it?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
…
5. How would you explain people’s reaction? Identify the words referring to their reaction.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
…
………………………………………………………………………………………………
…

Exercise 7. a) What sorts of jobs are men doing nowadays that they did not do before?
And women?

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 Men Women

b) What areas of work are likely to remain the sole domain of one or other sex?
Men Women

Exercise 8. Listen to two friends, Bonnie and Mike, talking about their worst jobs and fill
in the chart below:.
Bonnie Mike
Job

Responsibilities

Why it was a bad job

Exercise 9. As an economic engineer or a manager, you will have various duties and
responsibilities. Do you think you:
- will travel a lot?
- use a computer?
- work long hours / night shifts?
- need to wear special clothing?

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 - work outside?
- meet a lot of different people?
- make a lot of money?
- need language skills?

Exercise 10. The graduates of the Faculty of Management and Rural Development will
basically work in one of the following areas of specialism:

1) ECONOMIST
Duties and Tasks
1) Compile, analyze, and report data to explain economic phenomena and forecast market
trends, applying mathematical models and statistical techniques.
2) Develop economic guidelines and standards and prepare points of view used in
forecasting trends and formulating economic policy.
3) Forecast production and consumption of renewable resources and supply, consumption
and depletion of non-renewable resources.
4) Study economic and statistical data in area of specialization, such as finance, labour, or
agriculture.
5) Formulate recommendations, policies, or plans to solve economic problems or to
interpret markets.
6) Provide advice and consultation on economic relationships to businesses, public and
private agencies, and other employers.
7) Supervise research projects and students' study projects.
8) Teach theories, principles, and methods of economics.
Activities
1) Updating and using relevant knowledge - Keeping up-to-date technically and applying
new knowledge to your job.
2) Getting information - Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from
all relevant sources.
3) Processing information - Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating,
auditing, or verifying information or data.
4) Analyzing data or information - Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts
of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.

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5) Identifying objects, actions, and events - Identifying information by categorizing,
estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances
or events.
6) Making decisions and solving problems - Analyzing information and evaluating results
to choose the best solution and solve problems.
7) Communicating with supervisors, peers, or subordinates - Providing information to
supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in
person.
8) Communicating with persons outside organization - Communicating with people outside
the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and
other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by
telephone or e-mail.
9) Training and teaching others - Identifying the educational needs of others, developing
formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
10) Interpreting the meaning of information for others - Translating or explaining what
information means and how it can be used.
11) Provide consultation and advice to others - Providing guidance and expert advice to
management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
12) Organizing, planning, and prioritizing work - Developing specific goals and plans to
prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
13) Documenting/Recording information - Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or
maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
14) Guiding, directing, and motivating subordinates - Providing guidance and direction to
subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
15) Judging the qualities of things, services, or people - Assessing the value, importance,
or quality of things or people.
Skills
1) Writing - Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the
audience.
2) Reading comprehension - Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work
related documents.
3) Monitoring - Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or
organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.

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4) Systems analysis - Determining how a system should work and how changes in
conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
5) Systems evaluation - Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the
actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
6) Active learning - Understanding the implications of new information for both current
and future problem-solving and decision-making.
7) Speaking - Talking to others to convey information effectively.
8) Mathematics - Using mathematics to solve problems.
9) Learning strategies - Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures
appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
10) Judgment and decision making - Considering the relative costs and benefits of
potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
11) Complex problem solving - Identifying complex problems and reviewing related
information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
12) Active listening - Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to
understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at
inappropriate times.
13) Critical thinking - Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses
of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.
14) Instructing - Teaching others how to do something.
15) Coordination - Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
16) Management of personnel resources - Motivating, developing, and directing people as
they work, identifying the best people for the job.
17) Time management - Managing one's own time and the time of others.
18) Persuasion - Persuading others to change their minds or behaviour.
19) Service orientation - Actively looking for ways to help people.
20) Operations analysis - Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
21) Social perceptiveness - Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they
react as they do.
22) Programming - Writing computer programs for various purposes.
23) Science - Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Abilities
1) Written comprehension - The ability to read and understand information and ideas
presented in writing.

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2) Written expression - The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so
others will understand.
3) Mathematical reasoning - The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or
formulas to solve a problem.
4) Number facility - The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
5) Oral expression - The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so
others will understand.
6) Speech clarity - The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
7) Fluency of ideas - The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the
number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
8) Near vision - The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
9) Deductive reasoning - The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce
answers that make sense.
10) Inductive reasoning - The ability to combine pieces of information to form general
rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
11) Oral comprehension - The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas
presented through spoken words and sentences.
Knowledge, Experience, Education
1) Mathematics - Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their
applications.
2) General economics - The systematic study of the production, conservation and
allocation of resources in conditions of scarcity, together with the organizational
frameworks related to these processes. Includes instruction in economic theory, micro- and
macroeconomics, comparative economic systems, money and banking systems,
international economics, quantitative analytical methods, and applications to specific
industries and public policy issues.
3) Applied economics - The application of economic principles and analytical techniques
to the study of particular industries, activities, or the exploitation of particular resources.
Includes instruction in economic theory; microeconomic analysis and modeling of specific
industries, commodities; the economic consequences of resource allocation decisions;
regulatory and consumer factors; and the technical aspects of specific subjects as they
relate to economic analysis.
4) Agricultural economics - The application of economics to the analysis of resource
allocation, productivity, investment, and trends in the agricultural sector, both domestically

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and internationally. Includes instruction in economics and related subfields as well as
applicable agricultural fields.
5) Administration and management - Knowledge of business and management principles
involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership
technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
6) Customer and personal service - Knowledge of principles and processes for providing
customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality
standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
7) Public safety and security - Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and
strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection
of people, data, property, and institutions.
8) Personnel and human resources - Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel
recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labour relations and
negotiation, and personnel information systems.
9) English language - Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language
including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.

2) ENGINEERING MANAGER
Duties and Tasks
1) Confer with management, production, and marketing staff to discuss project
specifications and procedures.
2) Coordinate and direct projects, making detailed plans to accomplish goals and directing
the integration of technical activities.
3) Analyze technology, resource needs, and market demand, to plan and assess the
feasibility of projects.
4) Plan and direct the installation, testing, operation, maintenance, and repair of facilities
and equipment.
5) Direct, review, and approve product design and changes.
6) Recruit employees; assign, direct, and evaluate their work; and oversee the development
and maintenance of staff competence.
7) Prepare budgets, bids, and contracts, and direct the negotiation of research contracts.
8) Develop and implement policies, standards and procedures for the engineering and
technical work performed in the department, service, labouratory or firm.

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9) Perform administrative functions such as reviewing and writing reports, approving
expenditures, enforcing rules, and making decisions about the purchase of materials or
services.
10) Review and recommend or approve contracts and cost estimates.
11) Present and explain proposals, reports, and findings to clients.
12) Consult or negotiate with clients to prepare project specifications.
13) Set scientific and technical goals within broad outlines provided by top management.
14) Administer highway planning, construction, and maintenance.
15) Direct the engineering of water control, treatment, and distribution projects.
16) Plan, direct, and coordinate survey work with other staff activities, certifying survey
work, and writing land legal descriptions.
17) Confer with and report to officials and the public to provide information and solicit
support for projects.
Activities
1) Communicating with supervisors, peers, or subordinates - Providing information to
supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in
person.
2) Making decisions and solving problems - Analyzing information and evaluating results
to choose the best solution and solve problems.
3) Getting information - Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from
all relevant sources.
4) Communicating with persons outside organization - Communicating with people outside
the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and
other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by
telephone or e-mail.
5) Updating and using relevant knowledge - Keeping up-to-date technically and applying
new knowledge to your job.
6) Coordinating the work and activities of others - Getting members of a group to work
together to accomplish tasks.
7) Establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships - Developing constructive and
cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
8) Identifying objects, actions, and events - Identifying information by categorizing,
estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances
or events.

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9) Monitoring and controlling resources - Monitoring and controlling resources and
overseeing the spending of money.
10) Analyzing data or information - Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts
of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
11) Organizing, planning, and prioritizing work - Developing specific goals and plans to
prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
12) Guiding, directing, and motivating subordinates - Providing guidance and direction to
subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
13) Resolving conflicts and negotiating with others - Handling complaints, settling
disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
14) Evaluating information to determine compliance with standards - Using relevant
information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply
with laws, regulations, or standards.
15) Scheduling work and activities - Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as
the work of others.
16) Monitor processes, materials, or surroundings - Monitoring and reviewing information
from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
17) Thinking creatively - Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas,
relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
18) Judging the qualities of things, services, or people - Assessing the value, importance,
or quality of things or people.
19) Developing objectives and strategies - Establishing long-range objectives and
specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
20) Interacting with computers - Using computers and computer systems (including
hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process
information.
21) Estimating the quantifiable characteristics of products, events, or information -
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or
materials needed to perform a work activity.
22) Processing information - Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating,
auditing, or verifying information or data.
23) Provide consultation and advice to others - Providing guidance and expert advice to
management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.

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24) Interpreting the meaning of information for others - Translating or explaining what
information means and how it can be used.
25) Documenting/Recording information - Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or
maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
26) Developing and building teams - Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and
cooperation among team members.
27) Coaching and developing others - Identifying the developmental needs of others and
coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
28) Inspecting equipment, structures, or material - Inspecting equipment, structures, or
materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Skills
1) Reading comprehension - Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work
related documents.
2) Mathematics - Using mathematics to solve problems.
3) Active listening - Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to
understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at
inappropriate times.
4) Critical thinking - Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of
alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems.
5) Complex problem solving - Identifying complex problems and reviewing related
information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
6) Coordination - Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
7) Active learning - Understanding the implications of new information for both current
and future problem-solving and decision-making.
8) Operations analysis - Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
9) Judgment and decision making - Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential
actions to choose the most appropriate one.
10) Time management - Managing one's own time and the time of others.
11) Technology design - Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user
needs.
12) Writing - Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the
audience.
13) Speaking - Talking to others to convey information effectively.
14) Science - Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

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15) Quality control analysis - Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or
processes to evaluate quality or performance.
16) Negotiation - Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
17) Monitoring - Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or
organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
18) Learning strategies - Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures
appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
19) Troubleshooting - Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do
about it.
20) Persuasion - Persuading others to change their minds or behaviour.
21) Installation - Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet
specifications.
22) Service orientation - Actively looking for ways to help people.
23) Instructing - Teaching others how to do something.
Abilities
1) Oral comprehension - The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas
presented through spoken words and sentences.
2) Written comprehension - The ability to read and understand information and ideas
presented in writing.
3) Oral expression - The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so
others will understand.
4) Inductive reasoning - The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules
or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
5) Speech recognition - The ability to identify and understand the speech of another
person.
6) Speech clarity - The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
7) Deductive reasoning - The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce
answers that make sense.
8) Information ordering - The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or
pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words,
pictures, mathematical operations).
9) Written expression - The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so
others will understand.

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10) Problem sensitivity - The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go
wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem.
11) Near vision - The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the
observer).
12) Fluency of ideas - The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the
number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
13) Originality - The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or
situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
14) Category flexibility - The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for
combining or grouping things in different ways.
15) Far vision - The ability to see details at a distance.
16) Visualization - The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved
around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
17) Selective attention - The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without
being distracted.
18) Time sharing - The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or
sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
19) Number facility - The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
20) Speed of closure - The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize
information into meaningful patterns.
21) Flexibility of closure - The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure,
object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
22) Perceptual speed - The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and
differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be
compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also
includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Knowledge, Experience, Education
1) Engineering and technology - Knowledge of the practical application of engineering
science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and
equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
2) Mathematics - Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their
applications.
3) Design - Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production
of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.

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4) Computers and electronics - Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic
equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
5) English language - Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language
including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
6) Physics - Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships,
and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and
mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub- atomic structures and processes.
7) Administration and management - Knowledge of business and management principles
involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership
technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
8) Customer and personal service - Knowledge of principles and processes for providing
customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality
standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
9) Building and construction - Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in
the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and
roads.
10) Public safety and security - Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures,
and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the
protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
11) Personnel and human resources - Knowledge of principles and procedures for
personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labour relations and
negotiation, and personnel information systems.

NOTES

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