COR JESU COLLEGE, INC.

Sacred Heart Avenue, Digos City

Province of Davao del Sur, Philippines

BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

Senior High School

MODULE FOR
CONTEMPORARY
PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM
THE REGIONS
(CPAR)

Submitted by

JUSTINE DAPHNIE SALVACION

VINCENT JUBAN
DARYL JAKOSALEM
PETER CABASE
PAULO PEREZ
SHERYL SURTIDA
Week 1: PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

Objectives:
1. Identify the different traditions and forms of Philippine Literature
2. Write a poem about the given topic

Lesson Content:

LITERATURE
● is considered to be a whole bulk of written works
● “the best that has been thought and said”
● works that signify the highest achievements of a particular culture
● can be divided into two: PROSE and POETRY

POETRY
refers to expressing a feeling or idea using figurative or symbolic language in verse

ELEMENTS OF POETRY

1. MEANING
A writer can use this in order to express his or her feelings or ideas: technical terms,
idiom, dialect, new words, allusion, and connotation.

2. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
This mainly consists of simile, metaphor, and other figures of speech that can be used in
order to express something in a different way aside from its literal meaning.

3. IMAGERY
This consists of descriptions and details that can trigger the readers senses (sight, hearing,
smell, etc.)

4. SOUND AND RHYTHM

This can refer to the emphasis on certain words or rhymes and the other is just the
position of beats or the sound pattern of the work.

PROSE
Refers to literature that is not poetry

ELEMENTS OF PROSE (ESSAY)

1. THEME and CONTENT

This pertains to the general thought or idea of the whole composition. In addition, the
motive and goal of the writer is reflected on this.

2. STYLE
This refers to the choices of words and sentence structures used to convey the message
and hold the attention of the reader.

3. FORM and STRUCTURE

The sequence of topic and transitions that make up the whole essay.

ELEMENTS OF PROSE (FICTION)

 1. PLOT or STORY LINE
This is a sequence of events that build up the whole story. This gives the flow of the
narrative.

2. CHARACTERS
This can be a person, an animal, or even thing who takes part in the narrative of the story.

3. SETTING
This is the time and place in which the story happened.

4. THEME
This is the central thought or idea of the whole story.

5. LANGUAGE AND STYLE

This pertains to the choices of words the writer uses. This includes the sentence structure
and figurative language that affect the mood or tone of the story

6. POINT OF VIEW
This may be presented using the third person, which means the narrator may represent
the author himself/herself.

7. FORM and STRUCTURE

The sequence of topic and transitions that make up the whole essay.

TRADITIONS AND FORMS OF PHILIPPINE POETRY

ETHNIC TRADITION

1. EPICS

The epic narrative relates adventures of a hero with supernatural powers. This is
usually chanted or sung before an audience during social gatherings. This also serves
as a code of values of a particular ethnic group.
Examples:
✔ Biag ni Lam-ang
✔ Ibalon
✔ Sarimanok

2. FOLK SONG
This refers to a song that is transmitted orally from one generation to another. It usually
has a melody and it expresses ideas, emotions, and thoughts of the community. It
is known as awiting bayan in Tagalog, ambahan/awit/biyaon in Cebuano, badio
in Ibaloy, susunan in Manobo and also in Bukidnon, leleng in Samal, and
balikata in Tiruray.
Examples:
✔ Leron-Leron Sinta
✔ Bahay-Kubo
✔ Paruparong Bukid

3. PROVERBS
These are concise statements that teach ideas on morality and tradition. It is usually
expressed as a rhyming pair of lines that depict two different elements. The
meaning of each element is not readily understood; the whole point of the proverb
can be easily understood if these two elements are joined together.
Examples:
✔ Mahirap gisingin ang nagtutulog-tulugan.
 ✔ Pag may tiyaga, may nilaga.
✔ Kung may tinanim, may aanihin.

4. RIDDLES
This describes an object in an entirely different manner or in a way that is not
easily understood. It may also be a question intended for someone to discover its
meaning or to answer it.
Examples:
✔ May isang prinsesa nakaupo sa tasa.
✔ Hayan na si kaka, bubuka bukaka.
✔ Nagtago si Pedro, nakalabas ang ulo.
✔ Hindi pari, hindi hari, nagdadamit ng sari-sari.
✔ Buto’t balat lumilipad.
✔ Maliit na bahay, puno ng mga patay.
✔ Baboy ko sa pulo, ang balahibo’y pako.
✔ Ito na ang magkakapatid, nag-uunahang pumanhik.
✔ Nakayuko ang reyna, di nalaglag ang korona.
✔ Isda ko sa maribeles, nasa loob ang kaliskis.
✔ Maliit pa si kumpare, nakakakyat na sa tore.
✔ Ako ay may kaibigan, kasama ko kahit saan.
✔ Nakakaluto’y walang init, umuusok kahit na malamig.
✔ Bumili ako ng alipin, mataas pa sa akin.
✔ Ang anak ay nakaupo na, ang ina’y gumagapang pa.
✔ Kung kailan mo pinatay, saka pa humaba ang buhay.

5. SHORT POEM
They usually have 4 lines, with 5-12 syllables per line. Examples of short poetry
are children’s rhymes; the Tagalog tanaga and the dalit; Mangyan ambahan;
Ivatan laji, the Bukidnon idangdang and extended basahanan; the Palawan
karang; and the Tausug pintasan. The bulong of the Tagalogs, the tara in Panay
and the harito in Cebu are prayers invoking animals with supernatural powers or
environmental spirits.
Example:
Bote ng Alitaptap
ang gabay ko sa daan
Ngayo’y nag-aapuhap
sa dilim ng tahanan.

6.POETIC JOUSTS
✔ Balitao in Cebu and Aklan (teasing impromptu debate)
✔ pamalaye in Cebuano (marriage negotiations)
✔ arikenken (formerly dallot) in Ilocano (a chanting joust between a man and a
woman)
✔ tigsik in Bicol (a toast competition during a
drinking session)

SPANISH COLONIAL TRADITION

1. METRICAL ROMANCE
The term generally applied to works of romantic poetry created using a certain set
of meters
Examples:

✔ Ibong Adarna (korido-written in verses with 8 syllables in each line)

✔ Florante at Laura (awit- written with 12 syllables in each line)
- biag or panagbiag in Ilocano
 - impanbilay in Pangasinan
- kuriro in Pampango
- corrido in Cebuano, Ilonggo and Bicol
- awit at korido in Tagalog
- focuses on chivalric, folkloric, legendary, and religious themes

2. PASYON
This recounts the life of Jesus Christ.
This is written in a stanza with 5 lines and 8 syllables per line.

AMERICAN COLONIAL TRADITION and the CONTEMPORARY TRADITION

1. FOLK NARRATIVE
Any story based on real or fictional events in the past told among the people in a
cultural group or community.

2. MYTH
This refers to a story that explains the origin of the world and its first inhabitants.
Typically associated with theology and ritual, this features supernatural beings,
spirits, and human beings as characters.

3. LEGEND
A traditional story or group of stories told about a particular person or place.
Formerly, the term meant “a tale about a saint”
Legend (subject matter):
✔ Heroic and Historical – tackles episodes in the lives of great men and women
✔ Religious – which narrates display of miracles of God and of the saints
✔ Supernatural – which focuses on the existence of
beings from the underworld
✔ Toponymic – which explains why a certain place has
this name

4. FOLKTALES
These are classified into animal tales or fables, magic tales, humorous tales,
religious and didactic tales.

5. ESSAY
This explains insights and/or information using description, narration, and humor.

6. NOVEL
This may be defined as a lengthy and complex narrative of events based on the
author’s imagination.

FOUR TRADITIONS OF THE PHILIPPINE NOVEL:

● DIDACTIC TRADITION
Novels in this tradition were written to guide the people in the Roman Catholic
faith. A typical plot in this tradition includes acts of God such as accidents,
calamities, and coincidences to imply that the good will have their reward and the
evil will be punished.

● ROMANTIC TRADITION
Novels in this tradition pattern their stories from metrical romances.
Love, magic, and religious didacticism are evident among novels in this tradition.
● REALIST TRADITION
 The focus of novels in this tradition is describing experiences of a person/people
as social structures and forces affecting them.The plot does not usually point the
reader to the root cause of the social issue. The plot usually ends when the
individual gets overwhelmed with the effect of social forces on him/her.

● RADICAL TRADITION
A novel in this tradition promotes change in the social and political system.
Unlike the novel in the realist tradition, this novel points the reader to the root
cause of injustice. In addition, it also specifies how to change the society. The
plot usually ends with the oppressed characters being victorious.

7. SHORT STORY
It is defined as concise secular narrative. A brief work of fiction, running 1,600 to
20,000 words in length. It is shorter in length than a novel.

8. KOMIKS
It is a special form of contemporary literature.This involves drawing frames
showing a set of characters with their actions read from left to right. It also
contains balloons which enclose words or dialogues of the characters.

Activity/Assessment:

I. Read the following statements carefully. Identify what is being described in

the statement. (You don’t have to send your answers to me. This is just to test
how much you’ve learned from the content.)

______________________1. This refers to a narrative explaining insights and/or

information using description, narration, and humor.
______________________2. This may be any story based on real or fictional events
in the past told among the people in a cultural group or
community.
______________________3. This type of legend explains the origin of the names of
places.
______________________4. This refers to Tagalog metrical romance written in
verses with 8 syllables each line.
______________________5. This literary form is written in a stanza with 5 lines
with 8 syllables per line and tells the life of Jesus
Christ.
______________________6. These are concise statements that teach ideas on
morality and tradition.
______________________7. This poetic tradition comprises religious and secular
lyric poems, and narrative poems.
______________________8. A typical plot in this tradition includes acts of God such

as accidents, calamities, and coincidences to imply that

the good will have their reward and the evil will be
punished.
______________________9. Prose narratives in this tradition promote change in the
social and political system.
______________________10. This form of contemporary literature involves drawing

frames showing a set of characters with their actions

read from left to right.

II.
 ● Create a poem written in Bisaya with a theme about SUDDEN GOODBYE IN
THIS SCHOOL YEAR.
● The poem must have atleast 4-8 stanzas with 4 lines in each stanza
● The poem may be free verse

Criteria:

Content - 10
Structure - 5
Creativity - 5
D2& - 5
25 points

ON THE FB GROUP, I WILL CREATE A POST BY CLASS WHERE YOU ARE GOING
TO SUBMIT YOUR POEMS ON THE COMMENT BOX.

DEADLINE: MARCH 23, 2020