VECTORS

MATHEMATICS
1. The vector equation of two lines 𝐿 and 𝐿 are
L : 𝐫 = 𝐢 + 2𝐣 + λ(2𝐢 + 𝐣 + 3𝐤) 𝐿 : 𝐫 = −𝐣 − 4𝐤 + μ(3𝐢 + 2𝐣 + 5𝐤)
Find
a) The point of intersection of 𝐿 and 𝐿 .
b) The vector parametric equation of the plane containing 𝐿 and 𝐿
2. The vector equations of two lines 𝐿 and 𝐿 are given by
𝐿 : 𝐫 = 𝐢 − 𝐣 + 3𝐤 + 𝜆(𝐢 − 𝐣 + 𝐤)
𝐿 : 𝐫 = 2𝐢 + 𝑎𝐣 + 6𝐤 + μ(2𝐢 + 𝐣 + 3𝐤),

Where 𝑎, 𝜆 and μ are real constant. Given that 𝐿 and 𝐿 intersect,

Find
a) The value of the constant a,
b) The position vector of the point of intersection of 𝐿 and 𝐿
c) The cosine of the acute angle between 𝐿 and 𝐿 .
3. (i) The vector equation of two lines 𝐿 and 𝐿 are given by

L ; 𝐫 = 2𝐢 + 𝐣 + λ(𝐢 + 𝐣 + 𝐤),
L : 𝐫 = 2𝐢 + 2𝐣 + a𝐤 + μ(𝐢 + 2𝐣 + 𝐤), where a is a constant
Find the value of a if 𝐿 and 𝐿 intersect and the position vector of the point of intersection.

4. A plane 𝜋 passes through the points 𝐴(1, 2, 6), 𝐵(−2, 3, 2) and 𝐶(0, 1, 4). Find
a) The Cartesian equation of the plane 𝜋.
b) The distance of the plane 𝜋 from the origin.
c) The vector equation of a line 𝑙 which passes through the point 𝐷(0, 2, 1) and is perpendicular to
the plane 𝜋
d) The coordinates of the R where the line intersects with the plane 𝜋.
5. Show that the lines 𝑟 = (1 − 𝜆)𝑖 + 3𝜆j + (2𝜆 + 5)𝑘 and 𝑟 = 2𝑢𝑖 + (𝑢 − 4) + 3𝑘 where 𝜆
and µ are scalars intersect and give the point of intersection. Write down the vector parametric
equation of the plane which contains these lines.
6. The vector equation of two lines L1 and L2 are given by
L : 𝐫 = 13𝐢 + 4𝐣 + 11𝐤 + λ(3𝐢 − 8𝐣 − 6𝐤).
L : 𝐫 = 5𝐢 + 22𝐣 + 9𝐤 + μ(7𝐢 − 17𝐣 − 5𝐤)

Find
The position vector of the point of intersection of L1 and L2.
 7. The position vectors of the points A, B and C are a, b and c respectively, where
𝐚 = 3𝐢 + 6𝐤, 𝐛 = 5𝐣 + 3𝐤 and 𝐜 = 𝐢 + 𝐤.

Find

(i) The vector product 𝐴𝐶⃗ × 𝐴𝐵⃗,

(ii) The vector equation of the plane ABC.
8. The coordinates of the points A, B and C, are (0, 1, 3), (−1, 0, 1) and (1, −1, 2)
respectively.
Find
a) 𝐴𝐵⃗ × 𝐵𝐶⃗ ,
b) The sine of the angle between 𝐴𝐵⃗ and 𝐵𝐶⃗ ,
c) The value of the constant 𝜇 for which the line 𝐫 = 𝐢 + 2𝐣 − 𝐤 + λ(3μ𝐢 − 𝐣 + 5𝐤) is
parallel to the plane containing A, B and C.
9. (i) Given the vector a = 𝐢 + 4𝐣 + 2𝐤, b = −2𝐢 + 2𝐣 + 6𝐤 and c = 3𝐢 − 3𝐣 −
2𝐤
Find
(a) The vector v, where v = a + b + c,
(b) The unit vector 𝐯 ,
(c) The angle, to the nearest degree, which v makes with the y-axis

(ii) Find
(d) A vector equation of the line passing through the point (4, -5, 1) and is parallel to
the straight line with Cartesian equation = = ,
(e) A vector parametric equation of the plane containing the point (5, 4, 3) and the
vectors −3𝐢 + 3𝐤 and 4𝐢 − 4𝐣 − 6𝐤
10. Given that A is the point (5, -1, 2), Π is the plane with vector equation 𝑟 ∙ (2𝑖 + 6𝑗 + 9𝑘) =
33 and O is the origin, find
a) The perpendicular distance of Π from O,
b) A vector equation of the line l which passes through A and is perpendicular to Π,

The coordinates of the point B where l meets Π.

 FURTHER MATHEMATICS
1. The position vectors of four non-coplanar points A, B, C and D relative to the origin, O are a,
b, c and d respectively, where
𝑎⃗ = 2𝐢 − 3𝐣 + 5𝐤 𝑏⃗ = 𝐢 + 6𝐣 − 𝐤 𝑐⃗ = 𝐢 + 𝐤 𝑑⃗ = 3𝐣 − 2𝐤
Find
(i) The vector equation of the plane containing A, B and C.
(ii) The volume of the parallepiped with vertices A, B, C and D
2. Given two planes
𝜋 : 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 + 1 = 0
𝜋 ∶ 3𝑥 − 𝑦 − 𝑧 = 6
Find
(i) A vector equation of the line of intersection of 𝜋 and 𝜋
(ii) In scalar product form, a vector equation of the plane containing the point
𝐴(1,3,0) and perpendicular to both 𝜋 and 𝜋 .

3. (a) Given that the points A, B, C and D have Cartesian coordinates (2, −1, 1), (3, 2, −1),
(−1, 3, 2) and (0, 2, 5), respectively, relative to an origin 0, find
(i) 𝐴𝐵⃗ × 𝐴𝐶⃗
(ii) The distance of the plane ABC from the origin
(iii) The volume of the tetrahedron ABCD
4. The position vector of the points A, B and C are (−2i + j + 2k). (i + 2j + 3k)and (2i − j −
k) respectively, relative to the origin O.
Find
i. The Cartesian equation of the plane ABC.
ii. The volume of the tetrahedron OABC. Leaving your answer in surd form.
5. Given that the points A, B, C and D have Cartesian coordinates
(2, −1, 1), (3,2, −1), (−1, 3, 2) and (0, 2, 5), are respectively, relative to an origin 0, find:
i) 𝐴𝐵⃗ × 𝐴𝐶⃗
ii) The distance of the plane ABC from the origin
iii) The volume of the tetrahedron ABCD
6. The points A, B, C and D have Cartesian coordinates (1, 4, 3), (5, 3, 1), (-4, -2, 3) and
(-1, -3, -5) respectively relative to the origin O.
Find
i. The area of triangle ABC
ii. The length of the perpendicular line from the point A to the line BC
iii. The Cartesian equation of the plane ABC
 iv. The Cartesian equation of the plane which contains the point D and is perpendicular
to both the planes ABC and 𝐫(4i + j − 3k) = 7
7. The position vector of the points A, B and C are (– 𝒊 + 𝒋 + 2𝒌),
(2𝒊 + 3𝒋 + 𝒌) and (−𝐢 − 3𝐣) respectively, relative to the origin.
Find:
(i) The Cartesian equation of the plane ABC.
ii) The distance of the D (−2, −2.5)from ABC.

8. (a) Two planes Π and Π with equations 𝑝𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 2𝑧 = 10 and 5𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑝𝑧 = 13

respectively are perpendicular, find the value of p.
(b) Two lines L1 and L2 are such that 𝐿 : 𝐫 = 2𝐢 + 𝐣 − 𝐤 + λ (𝐢 + 𝐣 + 𝐤) and L2 passes
through the point (3, 1, -1) and is parallel to the line 𝐫 = 𝐣 + 𝑡(2𝐢 + 𝐣 + 𝐤).
Find:
i. The position vector of the point of intersection, 𝒓 of L1 and L2.
ii. The Cartesian equation of the plane containing L1 and L2.

The area of the triangle with vertices at the point with position vector 𝐫 and the points when
𝜆 = 2 on L1 and 𝑡 = 1 on L2.