Disease Condition

MASTECTOMY

Introduction

Definition :

Causes :

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Personal history of colon cancer, colorectal
polyps Absent

Family history Absent

Large intake of red meat Present

Cigarette smoking Present

Sedentary life style Present

Obesity Present

Pathophysiology:
Clinical Manifestation :

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Hematochezia Present

Melena Absent

Abdominal Pain Present

Constipation Present

Weakness Present

Sensation of incomplete evacuation Absent

Diagnostic Evaluation

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Testing for stool for occult blood Present

Barium Enema Absent

Sigmoidoscopy Absent

Colonoscopy Present
 CT scan Present

MRI Absent

Ultrasound Present

Management :

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Chemotherapy .. Leucovorin IV Present

Oxaliplatin Present

5-Fluorouracil Present

Darbepoetin Absent

Radiation therapy Absent

Surgical Management :

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Right Hemicolectomy Absent

Left Hemicolectomy
Absent
Abdominal-Perineal resection
Absent
Laproscopic colectomy Present
Classification of Colorectal Cancer

T Primary Tumor
Tx Primary tumor cannot be assessed because of incomplete information.

Tis Carcinoma in situ. Cancer is in earlies stage and has not grown beyond

mucosa layer.

T1 Tumor has grown beyond mucosa into the submucosa

T2 Tumor has grown through submucosa into muscularis propria

T3 Tumor has grown through the muscularis propria into the subserosa but not to

Neighboring organs or tissues

T4 Tumor has spread completely through the colon or rectal wall and into the nearby

Tissues or organs.

N Lymph Node Involvement

Nx Lymph node cannot be assessed

NO No regional lymph node involvement is found

N1 Cancer is found in one to three nearby lymph nodes

N2 Cancer is found in four or more nearby lymph nodes

M Metastasis
Mx Presence of distant metastasis cannot be assessed

Mo No distant metastasis is seen

M1 Distant metastasis is present