Handbook Chapter11 Controls

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Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.1 Overview of VAV Controllers
Terminal Unit
Supply Air Damper
Electric
Actuator
Line Voltage
Room Direct Digital Transformer
Sensor Controller
Terminal Unit
Supply Air Damper
Electric
Actuator
Line Voltage
Sensor Controller
CH11-2 © Copyright Price Industries Limited 2011. Errata reprint 2016. © Copyright Price Industries Limited 2011. Errata reprint 2016.
CH11-3
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.1 Overview of VAV Controllers
CH11-5
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.2 Thermostat Types
Figure 11.6: DDC controller
CH11-7
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.2 Thermostat Types
Ideal Mounting Boardroom Table

of Motion STAT
Corridor Door
CH11-9
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.3 Control Options
Pneumatic Terminal Unit
M = 15-25 psi
compressed air
Supply Air Damper
Velocity
Sensor M Pneumatic M
Actuator
Pneumatic Thermostat
Controller
Electronic Terminal Unit
Supply Air Damper
Velocity
Sensor Electric
Actuator
Line Voltage
Room Electronic Transformer
Sensor Controller
Direct Digital Terminal Unit
Supply Air Damper
Velocity
Sensor Electric
Actuator
Line Voltage
Sensor Controller
CH11-11
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.4 Control Terminology
Normaly Open Damper Variable Volume Normaly Closed Damper Variable Volume
Terminal Unit Terminal Unit
Supply Air Damper Supply Air Damper
Dead Band
ase
cre
na l In
Sig
Control Signal
Normaly Open Damper Variable Volume Normaly Closed Damper Variable Volume
Terminal Unit Terminal Unit
Tset-point
Controlled Variable
Cool Room Condition Warm
Supply Air Damper Supply Air Damper
Sig
nal
Dec
rea
se
Range of control / Actuator Generation
nd
l Ba
rtiona
Tset-point Propo
Minimum Control Signal Maximum Control Signal
CH11-13
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.5 Reheat Types
Error
Signal
Tset-point Control Point

Dead Band
Tset-point
CH11-15
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.5 Reheat Types
1.5
V
B
1.0
-1.5
B (T), V (V)
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
0 5 10 15 (ms) 20
CH11-17
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.6 Control Transformers
Primary Secondary
Winding Winding
Np turns Ns turns
Primary
Current (IP) Secondary
11.6 Control Transformers current (Is)
Primary
voltage (Vp ) Secondary
voltage (Vs)
Power (W) = Volts (V) x Amperage (I) x Power Factor 11.1
Volt Amps (VA) = Volts (V) x Amperage (I) 11.2
Volts (V) = Amperage (I) x Resistance (R) 11.3
CH11-19
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.6 Control Transformers
IP
IP
V = IR or I = V or R = V 11.4
R I
I I
V
_
+
CH11-21
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.8 Design and Layout Considerations
Maxi Fuse Scale 1:2
40
ATO Fuse
Mini Fuse
15 Low Profile
3
Mini Fuse
4
IEC IEEE/ANSI IEEE/ANSI
CH11-23
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.9 Building Automation System Network
BACnet DHCP
Network
Router Server
Controller
Controller
Rooftop
Rooftop
Field Controller Field Controller
Section View
Plan View - One Floor
Workstation
Single Front-End
Thermostat
Single Front-End
Workstation
CH11-25
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.10 Controls - System Examples
Control wires to RTU

T-stat Wiring
Static Pressure Tubing
P Static Pressure Sensor
***Location is critical for optimal operation
Pressure
Control I/O Module
Valve
VAV
ZONE Diffuser
1
T-stat
Standalone
Rooftop Controller***
ZONE ZONE
3 2
CH11-27
CH11-29

T-stat Wiring
BACnet MS/TP Network
Control wires to RTU Outside Air Temperature Sensor Wiring
T-stat Wiring T Temperature P Static Pressure Sensor
Static Pressure Tubing Sensor
T Air Temperature Sensor
Outside Air Temperature Sensor Wiring
T Temperature P Static Pressure Sensor Pressure I/O Module
Sensor
T Air Temperature Sensor Control
Valve Discharge Air Temperature Sensor
Pressure T
I/O Module
Control
Valve
Discharge Air Temperature Sensor VAV
ZONE
T Diffuser
1
2 VOTE* T-stat
ZONE VAV Networked

Diffuser
1 Rooftop Controller
1 VOTE
T-stat
Networked
Rooftop Controller
ZONE ZONE
P
3 2
1 VOTE 1 VOTE
ZONE ZONE
3 2
1 VOTE 1 VOTE
*Large Training Room gets 2x voting power
CH11-31
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.11 BACnet - Building Automation and Control Network

T-stat Wiring
Outside Air Temperature Sensor Wiring
T Temperature P Static Pressure Sensor
Sensor
T Air Temperature Sensor
Pressure
Control
Valve
Discharge Air Temperature Sensor
T
ZONE VAV
Diffuser
1
1 VOTE
T-stat
Networked
Rooftop Controller**
ZONE ZONE
3 2
1 VOTE 1 VOTE
**Strategy favors cooling (i.e., 20% cooling load RTU goes into cooling)
CH11-33
Operator
Workstation
(B-OWS) Figure 11.38: BACnet BTL tested mark
R Building Building Building

Controller Controller Controller
(B-BC) (B-BC) (B-BC)
ASC ASC
ASC ASC
ASC ASC
Application
Smart
Specific Controller Actuator
Sensor
(B-AAC or B-ASC)
Figure 11.37: BACnet device tree
CH11-35
CH11-37
The Seven Layers of OSI
Application Layer
Presentation Layer
Session Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Data Link Layer
Physical Layer
CH11-39
Space
Mark
Space
Mark Space Mark
Mark Mark
U+
U-
Idle Idle
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
Start
Stop
BACnet ms/tp network
BACnet
Router
CH11-41
Ms/tp network run in daisy chain format
MAC address 1 MAC address 1 MAC address 1
CH11-43
40200
Floor 4
40100
30200
128
64 Floor 3
32 30100
16
8
4
2
1
20200
Floor 2
20100
10100
Floor 1 10200
BACnet Router - MC/TP to Ethernet
BACnet
Router
Hardware address 1 Hardware address 2 Hardware address 3
Hardware address 4 Hardware address 5 Hardware address 6
CH11-45
Workstation with
Ethernet
BACnet front-end
Switch
software
Hardware address 1
BACnet
Router Price Intelligent
Controller - PIC
MC/TP to Ethernet BACnet MS/TP device
CH11-47
Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls References
References
Internet
Firewall
BACnet
Controller 1
Ethernet
Switch
BACnet
Controller 2
Wireless
Router
BACnet
Controller 3
BACnet PIC
Router
CH11-49
END OF CHAPTER 11
INTRODUCTION TO
CONTROLS
Take the chapter quiz to earn

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Handbook Chapter11 Controls

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Handbook Chapter11 Controls

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Chapter 11 Introduction to Controls 11.1 Overview of VAV Controllers

Supply Air Damper

Supply Air Damper

Figure 11.6: DDC controller

Ideal Mounting Boardroom Table

Pneumatic Terminal Unit

Electronic Terminal Unit

Supply Air Damper

Direct Digital Terminal Unit

Supply Air Damper

Supply Air Damper Supply Air Damper

Range of control / Actuator Generation

Cool Room Condition Warm

Minimum Control Signal Maximum Control Signal

Tset-point Control Point

Power (W) = Volts (V) x Amperage (I) x Power Factor 11.1

Volt Amps (VA) = Volts (V) x Amperage (I) 11.2

Volts (V) = Amperage (I) x Resistance (R) 11.3

Maxi Fuse Scale 1:2

IEC IEEE/ANSI IEEE/ANSI

Plan View - One Floor

Control wires to RTU

***Location is critical for optimal operation

Control wires to RTU

ZONE VAV Networked

*Large Training Room gets 2x voting power

Control wires to RTU

R Building Building Building

Figure 11.37: BACnet device tree

The Seven Layers of OSI

BACnet ms/tp network

Ms/tp network run in daisy chain format

Controller Controller Controller

MAC address 1 MAC address 1 MAC address 1

BACnet Router - MC/TP to Ethernet

Hardware address 1 Hardware address 2 Hardware address 3

Controller Controller Controller

Hardware address 4 Hardware address 5 Hardware address 6

MC/TP to Ethernet BACnet MS/TP device

Take the chapter quiz to earn

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