Introduction to pre-clinical

complete denture

Dr. IBRAHIM RAMADAN ELTORKY

Professor of Prosthodontics
Faculty of Dentistry, Al Manara for medical sciences
 overview

1. History
2. Terminology
3. Difference between natural and artificial teeth.
4. Complete denture prosthesis:
• Objectives of complete denture.
• Denture Surfaces.
• Steps of complete denture construction.
1. History

The oldest existing denture being one at

the lower anterior teeth bound together
with gold wire and attached by the same
means to the adjacent natural teeth.

Posterior teeth and base from

ivory, anterior teeth are
natural.
 Terminology

Prosthesis:
An artificial replacement of an absent part of the human body.
Prosthetics:
The art and science of supplying artificial replacement for
missing parts of the human body.
 Terminology

Prosthodontics: (Prosthetic dentistry):

The branch of dentistry that deals with the replacement of
missing dental and oral structures.
 Terminology

Maxillofacial prosthodontics:
The branch of prosthodontics concerned with the restoration and
replacement of the stomatognathic and craniofacial structures
with prostheses that may or may not be removed on a regular or
elective bases.
 Terminology

Prosthodontist:
A specialist in prosthodontics.

Dentulous (adj.): A condition in which

complete set of natural teeth are present in the
mouth.

Edentulous (adj.):A condition in which the

mouth is without teeth.
 Terminology

Partially edentulous:

A condition in which some

of natural teeth are lost.
 Denture & denture types

Denture: An artificial substitute for missing natural teeth and adjacent

tissues which may be complete or partial denture.

Complete denture: A removable dental prosthesis that replaces the entire

dentition and associated structures of the maxilla or mandible.
Partial denture:
A dental prosthesis that restore one or more but not all of the
natural teeth and/or associated parts.

It is supported in part by natural teeth, dental implant or/

and the mucosa.

It may be fixed or removable.

Partial denture:

Removable partial denture:

A partial denture that can be removed and replaced from the mouth.

Fixed partial
denture:
A partial denture
that to cemented to
natural teeth or
tooth roots and/or
dental implants.
Immediate denture:
A complete denture or removable partial denture
fabricated for replacement immediately
following the removal of natural teeth.

Single denture:
It is a complete denture that occludes against
some or all of the natural teeth, a fixed
restoration , a previously constructed removable
partial denture or complete denture.
Over Denture:
A removable partial or complete denture that covers and rests on one or
more remaining natural teeth roots, and or dental implants.
Implant prosthesis
Any prosthesis (fixed or removable) that utilizes dental implants in part or
whole for retention, support, and stability.
Dental implant

A prosthetic device of alloplastic material implanted into the

oral tissues beneath the mucosal and periosteal layer within
the bone to provide retention and support for a fixed or
removable prosthesis.
Obturator:
A prosthesis used to close a congenital or acquired tissue
opening, primarily of the hard palate and/or contiguous alveolar
structures.
Retention:
That quality inherent in the prosthesis
acting to resist the forces of
dislodgment Along the path of
placement.

Stability:
The quality of a prosthesis to be firm.
steady, or constant, to resist
displacement by functional horizontal
or rotational stresses.

Support:
The foundation area on which a dental
prosthesis rests.
Differences between natural and artificial teeth:

1. Natural teeth are firmly rooted in the bone of the jaws and so they can
incise, tear, and finally grind food of any character.
2. Artificial teeth rest on the gums (mucosa) and hence they are subjected
to powerful displacing forces and the efficiency of masticating
apparatus is limited.
 Complete Denture Prosthetics

Objectives of Complete Denture

1. Restoration of masticatory efficiency.
2. Restoration of facial contour and appearance.
3. Correction of speech defects.
4. Preservation of the remaining tissues.
5. Patient satisfaction and comfort.
 Denture surfaces

1. The fitting surface.

2. The occlusal surface.
3. The polished surface.
 Denture surfaces
1. Fitting surface or denture impression surface:
It is that portion of the denture surface which has its contour
determined by the impression.
It includes the borders of the denture.
2. Denture occlusal surface
The portion of the denture surface that makes contact with its
anatagonist (opposing occlusion).
3. Denture polished surface
That portion of the denture surface which extends in an occlusal
direction from the border of the denture and includes the
facial ( labial and buccal), lingual and palatal surface.
It is part of the denture base which is usually polished and
includes the buccal and lingual surfaces of the teeth.
 “Denture flanges & borders”

• Denture flange is the vertical extension of denture base that extend from the
cervix of the teeth to the borders of the denture flanges.
• They are named according to location: labial, buccal and lingual flanges.
• Denture borders is the margins of the denture base at the junction of the
polished and impression surface
 Labial flange
Buccal flange

Lingual flange

Denture border
 “Clinical and laboratory steps of complete denture construction“
Clinical laboratory
1. Examination of the patient.

2. Preliminary (primary) impression making. • Pouring of impression.

• Construction of special (custom) trays
• Pouring of the master cast (from stone)
3. Final impression (custom tray). • Construction of recording bases

• Mounting of the casts with occlusal

4. Recording jaw relationships and rims on articulator.
selection of artificial teeth. • setting-up of teeth.
• waxing-up.

Processing of the dentures:

5. Try-in of the waxed-up denture. Flasking.
• Wax elimination.
• Packing of acrylic resin.
• curing, deflasking & polishing
6. Insertion of the finished denture,
instructions to the pt. and clinical remount.
7. Post-insertion care.
Steps of Complete Denture
Construction
 Clinical step

1. Examination of the patient

 Clinical step
2. Preliminary (primary) impression
making
Laboratory step

Pour Diagnostic Casts

 Laboratory step

Construction of special (custom) trays

 Clinical step
3. Final impression (custom tray)

Final Impression
 •
Laboratory step
Boxing for pouring of
the master cast (from stone)
 Laboratory step
Pour Master Casts

Stronger cast with peripheries for Processing

 Laboratory step

Record Bases and Occlusion Rims

 Clinical step
4. Recording jaw relationships
 Clinical step
4. Selection of artificial teeth
 Laboratory step
Mounting of the Master Casts with the
Recording Blocks on the Articulator
 Laboratory step
setting-up of teeth
 Clinical step
5. Try-in of the waxed-up denture
in the patient’s mouth.
 Clinical step

Try-in of the waxed-up denture

in the patient’s mouth.
 Clinical step

Try-in of the waxed-up denture

in the patient’s mouth.
 Clinical step

Try-in of the waxed-up denture

in the patient’s mouth.
 Clinical step

Try-in of the waxed-up denture

in the patient’s mouth.
Laboratory step

Remove Denture from Articulator

Flask for Processing
Laboratory step
 Laboratory step

Boil Out Wax and Remove Record Bases

 Laboratory step

Packing of acrylic resin

 Laboratory step
Curing of acrylic resin
 Laboratory step

Deflasking & finishing

and polishing
 Clinical step
6. Insertion of the finished denture clinical
remount.
 Clinical step
6. clinical remount.
 Clinical step
6. Post-insertion care
References:

• The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms. Journal of Prosthetic

Dentistry 2005, (94:1) ,10-92.
• Zarb GA, Carlsson GE, Bolender CL. Boucher's
Prosthodontic Treatment for Edentulous Patients, (11th Ed).
• Hayakawa I. principles and practice of complete denture
(creating the mental image of a denture), (1st Ed).
Best wishes