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History:
The first artificial satellite was Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet Union on October 4,
1957, and initiating the Soviet Sputnik program, with Sergei Korolev as chief
designer. This in turn triggered the Space Race between the Soviet Union and the
United States. Sputnik 1 helped to identify the density of high atmospheric layers
through measurement of its orbital change and provided data on radio-signal
distribution in the ionosphere. The unanticipated announcement of Sputnik 1's
success precipitated the Sputnik crisis in the United States and ignited the so-called
Space Race within the Cold War. Sputnik 2 was launched on November 3, 1957 and
carried the first living passenger into orbit, a dog named Laika. On May, 1946,
Project RAND had released the Preliminary Design of a Experimental World-Circling
Spaceship, which stated, "A satellite vehicle with appropriate instrumentation can be
expected to be one of the most potent scientific tools of the Twentieth Century. In
June 1961, three-and-a-half years after the launch of Sputnik 1, the Air Force used
resources of the United States Space Surveillance Network to catalog 115 Earth-
orbiting satellites. The largest artificial satellite currently orbiting the Earth is the
International Space Station.
Inee ng Fac:
Thee ae ve 2500 aell e n b aund he Eah . Thee ae al ve 10 000
man made bjec b ng aund he Eah. Thee nclude a va e f p ece f
aell e deb ang ng fm panel d ued equ men. The f aell e named
Spun k 1 wa launched b he Sv e Un n n 4h Ocbe 1957. I wa a fball
zed glbe ha anm ed a "beep beep" und a b ed he Eah. The wd
Spun k mean aell e. I cn nued anm ng f abu 21 da. I wa fllwed
fu mnh lae b he US aell e Exple 1 wh ch wa launched n 31 Janua
1958. P bl ne f he be knwn aell e wa Tela 1. Bu l b AT&T wa
launched n Jul 10, 1962, and n he ame da l ve elev n p cue g na ng n
he Un ed Sae wee ece ved n Fance. M cmmun ca n aell e ue wha
emed a gea na b . Thee ae a an al ude f, aund 22,000 m le and
a a eul f he peed and he c cumfeence f he b he avel und he
Eah abve he equa n 24 hu. A he avel a he ame ae ha he Eah
ae, he a abve he ame p n n he Eah' uface all he me. In
cna, Lw Eah Ob ae ju abve he Eah' amphee and ae p call
beween 100 and 800 m le n al ude. Ob ng a h al ude, an bjec ma nl
ake abu 90 m nue cmpleel c cle he Eah, avell ng a aund 17,000
m le pe hu. Lw Eah Ob ued b manned veh cle uch a he pace
hule and he Inena nal Space Sa n. I al ued f weahe and eme
en ng aell e. On a clea n gh uuall p ble ee w h he naked ee
eveal aell e n lw eah b pa ng vehea.
Ph c Cncep:
Bu be ng aced n b gav , ndeed, de a fall ng. I ha h
h znal velc and becaue f gav develp me ve cal velc -
pah bend. Remembe, he h znal velc qu e lage and he Eah a
ball. S b he me he aell e' pah ha ben awa fm he a gh l ne I alked
abu abve, he Eah' uface ha cuved awa n he ame d ec n a he bend
n he aell e' pah. The pah f he aell e bend ng fuhe fm ha a gh
l ne and he Eah' uface cuv ng awa . A he pah bend, he gav
alwa ac ng n a d ec n pepend cula he cuve f he b . If he g nal
h znal velc he gh magn ude, he bend ng f he aell e' pah and he
cuve f he Eah' uface w ll be f paallel. I m gh eem wng cn nue
call ha g nal velc h znal bu ha' wha lk l ke fm dwn hee. If u
dew a p cue f wha lk l ke fm he mn, afe g ng halfwa aund he
wld lk l ke ' g ng n he pp e d ec n bu ' ll fllw he cuve f
he Eah. The Eah cle a pefec phee and fen he aell e' pah me
f an val (ell pe acuall a bee name f ), bu ll, he Eah uface
manage cuve u f he wa a he aell e cn nue cmb ne ' g nal
h znal velc and fall ng due gav . Cmb n ng he h znal velc and
he ac n f gav den' nceae deceae he h znal velc becaue he
gav alwa pepend cula. (Th n' pefecl ue when he b an ell pe,
bu aveage u eem ha wa.)
Refeence
Saell e Fac and Infma n :: Rad -Elecn c.Cm. (n.d.). Rad -
Elecn c.cm: euce and anal f elecn c eng nee. Re eved
Ocbe 14, 2010, fm hp://www.ad -
elecn c.cm/ nf/aell e/aell e_fac/aell e_fac.php
The Impac f Saell e n Mden Sc e - a knl b Seg R Angele. (n.d.). Knl
- a un f knwledge: hae wha u knw, publ h u expe e..
Re eved Ocbe 14, 2010, fm hp://knl.ggle.cm/k/eg --
angele/he- mpac-f-aell e-n-mden/hqz 9h33vh/7#
mulaneu, a. f. (n.d.). The H f Saell e - Spun k I. Inven. Re eved
Ocbe 14, 2010, fm
hp:// nven.abu.cm/l ba/ nven/blaell e.hm