12/05/2020

Dr. KY Sambath Tel: 011 220 676 1

Strength of Materials: Transverse Shear

Dr. KY Sambath

Lecturer and researcher, Institute of Technology of Cambodia

Ph.D of Civil Engineering, Master CE (INSA Rennes, France)
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sambathky168@gmail.com

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1. Average Shear Stress

 The average shear stress is the stress that produce by shear force (V)  The shear stress is however dV divided by
divided by the total area: the area dA:

𝑑𝑉
𝜏
𝑑𝐴

𝑉
𝜏
𝐴

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2. Transverse vs Longitudinal shear stress

 The internal transvers shear stress (τ) along a simple support beam generated the same magnitude of longitudinal shear
stresses along the length of the beam.

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3. Shear Stress formula:

 Consider the shaded top portion of the beam element, use the equilibrium equation the
shear stress can be solved:

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3. Shear Stress formula:

𝑑𝑀
𝑉 𝑄 𝑦𝑑𝐴′ 𝑦′𝐴′
𝑑𝑥

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4. Calculating Q

𝑄 𝑦𝑑𝐴′ 𝑦′𝐴′

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5. Shear Formula Limitations:

 The shear formula is developed from the assumptions that the shear stress is
uniformly distributed over the width t. However,

 The exact solution which is based on the theory of elasticity is not uniform.

 For rectangle section (left figure top) where b = 0.5 h => give

𝜏 3% ∗ 𝜏

 For rectangle section (left figure bottom) where b = 2h => give

4
𝜏 40% ∗ 𝜏

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Example shear formula 1:

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Example shear formula 2:

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Example 7.3:

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Problems I:

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Problems I:

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6. Shear Flow:

 In the application, to achieve a greater resistance to loads, a composite member have to be glue, nails, bolts or weld along
the connection.

 In order to design the spacing of the fasteners material a new term known as shear flow, q is introduce. it is the shear force
per unit length of beam.

𝑑𝐹 𝑉𝑄
𝑞
𝑑𝑥 𝐼

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6. Shear Flow:

 To holds the composite member of a beam, the developed shear force must be holed by the nails. The resistance of the nails
must be larger or equal to the developed shear flow.

𝐹 𝑞 𝑠

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Example of Shear Flow 1:

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Example of Shear Flow 2:

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Problems II:

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Problems II:

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7. Shear Flow in Thin-walled member:

10

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7. Shear Flow in Thin-walled member:

 Shear Flow in Flanges:

𝑑 𝑏
𝑉𝑄 𝑉 𝑥 𝑡 𝑉𝑡𝑑 𝑏
2 2
𝑞 𝑥
𝐼 𝐼 2𝐼 2

𝐹 𝑞 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

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7. Shear Flow in Thin-walled member:

 Shear Flow in Web:

𝑉𝑄 𝑉𝑡 𝑑𝑏 1 𝑑
𝑞 𝑦
𝐼 𝐼 2 2 4

𝑉𝑡 𝑑𝑏 1 𝑑
𝐹 𝑞 𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝐼 2 2 4

𝑉𝑡𝑑 1 11
𝐹 2𝑏 𝑑 𝑉
4𝐼 3

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Example of Shear Flow 3:

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8. Shear Center for Open Thin-walled Members:

 If we applied the shear along a principal

centroidal axis to an unsymmetrical beam,

 The beam will not only bend downward,

but also twist clockwise. This is because of
the shear force Ff along the open thin-
walled members.

 To balance this moment, an eccentricity e

is introduced, where: 𝑒𝑃 𝐹𝑑
12
𝐹𝑑
𝑒
𝑃
 The location of e is called the shear center or
flexural center.
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Example of Shear Flow 4:

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Problems III:

13

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Problems III:

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Reference

1. R. C. Hibbeler, Mechanics of Materials, Pearson, 8th Ed, 2011.

2. R. C. Hibbeler, Mechanics of Materials, Pearson, 10th Ed SI, 2018

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