A Systematic Literature Review on Analysing and Visualization on Social Networking

Objective:
My main goal in this paper is to present a systematic literature review on Analysing
and Visualization on Social Networking. I discuss the role of Visualization and Analysis
techniques used in various research papers which was established during the past era. I was
able to identify and compare them systematically to establish their usage and how they have
contributed to Social Networking.

Methodology:
The methodology that I am adopting here is to search for the papers which are related
to the terms Analysing, Visualizing, Social, Data and classify them based on the year of
establishment, field of usage and many other parameters making it easier for us to understand
its usage and scope in various fields.

Results:
By implementing various techniques and deep analysis of the data I categorized those
papers which are related to Analysis and Visualization of Social Data. I collected 22 papers
which are at most in relation to my Systematic Literature Review. All the Analysis tools and
Visualization techniques were explicitly used to describe the significance of Data in Social
Media and insights on how they could be used for Marketing. I identified these papers by
electronic search of legit scholarly databases. I have provided the list in the table given
below:

Table 1

Database Link

Google Scholar https://scholar.google.com/

Springer https://www.springer.com/in
Elsevier https://www.elsevier.com/en-in
IEEE Explore https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jsp
Semantics Scholar https://www.semanticscholar.org/
GitHub https://github.com/
Google Books https://books.google.co.in/
Wiley Online Library https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/

In addition to these databases, I had reviewed many research papers, journals and
articles for exhibiting clear and concise understanding of the search terms.

Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria:

I filtered the articles by two stages.

In the first stage, I collected all the articles

 Which had Analysis and Visualization tools and techniques present in them.
 Which were in the English language.
  Which were published in the databases in Table 1.

In the second stage, I filtered them based on the following points:

 The research paper must be in English language.
 It must be a peer reviewed journal.
 The research paper must be authentic and factual.
 The research paper must have their core based on the Social Data Analysis and
Visualization.

The articles were included based on the above conditions. They were not excluded based on
the year of publication. In fact, the year of publication was helpful in reviewing the articles
on how the time period had influence in the change of tools and techniques for analysing and
visualizing social data.

Abstract:
A number of research papers, journals and articles have been published on how the
analysis and visualization of Social Data is done using various Algorithms and Integrated
Development Environments. The role of these Visualization techniques is inexplicable when
it comes to Analysis of Data. In this article, I am going to do a Systematic Literature Review
of various Articles related to Visualization techniques and provide a summary of those
papers. Despite the fact that Analysis and Visualization go hand in hand in a significant
number of articles, I am going to include or exclude certain papers based on the requirements.
I systematically compared them based on certain attributes and I drew a conclusion on their
development in various fields, scope and limitations. After careful review of articles, I have
selected 22 articles to statistically determine the significance of those Tools and Techniques.

Keywords: Analysing, Visualization, Social, Data, Systematic Literature Review, tools,

techniques.

Introduction:
The purpose of this research paper is to establish the development of tools and
techniques for Analysing and Visualizing Social Data. The upcoming fields such as Big Data
and Data Analytics depends solely on this development. Data is raw information which needs
to be processed with certain tools to become consistent. Here the tools which I am talking
about are analysis and visualization. Almost all the companies now depend on Data Analytics
and Visualization since it helps them satisfy the needs of their customers. Data analytics is an
upcoming booming field where we process and categorise information. Most of the data
analysed here are socially related to one another. For example, a person searches for a
product in an ecommerce website, then he visits a social media platform where surprisingly
he encounters an advertisement of the same product that he looked for in the ecommerce site.
Here the social data of the person is collected and analysed to gauge him with the visual
elements of the product. This example portrays how the field of analytics is indispensable in
the near future.

Strategic Objectives:
A Systematic Literature Review examines all the available research related to the
particular topic or area of interest. The first step towards that is to evaluate our objectives and
speculate the relationship between them. I formulated the objectives in the form of research
questions(RQ’s) which might be easier to interpret.
 I. What is meant by analysis and visualization of data?
II. Give a brief summary of all research techniques used in all the papers.
III. Deduce the tools and techniques used in the list of collected articles.
IV. Do they have any limitations, if so specify them?
V. What is the overall scope of this research?

To help us better understand the relationship between the research questions (RQ’s), I
had given a visual representation with a flowchart.

Diagram 1

RQ1
What is meant by analysis and visualization of data?

Main objectives of the research

RQ2 RQ3 RQ4

Give a brief summary of Deduce the tools and Do they have any
all research techniques techniques used in the limitations, if so
used in all the papers list of collected articles. specify them?

Outcome of the research

RQ5
What is the overall scope of this research?

Analysis and Visualization of Social Data:

In order to understand the meaning of Analysis and Visualization of Social Data, I
should first be able to understand the individual meaning of each of these words.
  Analysis:
To inspect or examine something in a logical order, typically to interpret them
in an enhanced manner.

 Visualizing:
To represent something in the form of an image or with visual elements,
making it easier to interpret them.

 Social:
It simply means a group or a community, where everything is organised to
meet their own needs.

 Data:
It means unprocessed or raw information which is collected for statistical
analysis.

Now if I combine the meaning of all the terms mentioned above, I was able to
interpret on what my research is all about. To elaborate it, my research is all about using
social data to visualize the future prospects by deeply analysing them. For example, there is a
smartphone company and they had recently launched other products related to the
smartphone. A person buys a cell phone of a new version from that company. So now the
company has the social data of the person. The company will now try to analyse the person’s
requirement, that is, they will try to sell more products related to the version of the
smartphone such as headphones through visualization i.e. advertisements.

Systematic Literature Review of the research papers:

I am going to give a short summary on each of the research paper which I chose by
doing a Systematic Literature review. I hereby analyse the main aspects of each of the papers
trying to deduce a conclusion about the tools and technologies used for analysis and
visualization of the social data.

Table 2

Sl. Paper/Journal Author name Year Article Data Short Summary

no name of type source
public
ation
1 Analyzing Borgatti, S. P., 2018 Book Google This research analyses the
social networks Everett, M. G., Books various methods,
& Johnson, J. resources, data designs,
C algorithms and data
collection involved in the
analysis and visualization
of social networks.
2 Analyzing Castellanos, 2013 Journal Google This paper is about
Social Media M. G., Dayal, Scholar analysing social media
U., Ghosh, R., through visualization
& Hsu, M tools which are automated
 by analytical algorithms
and also provides a
dashboard of results.
3 MatLink: Henry, N., & 2007 Journal Springer This paper analyses and
Enhanced Fekete, J. D visualizes social media
Matrix networks through an
Visualization enhanced matrix
for Analyzing representation called as
Social Mat Link, with the help of
Networks node links, graphs and
adjacency matrix.
4 Visualizing big Lieberman, M 2014 Journal Google This paper uses a great
data: Social Scholar analytical tool big data to
network analyse and visualize
analysis social media data using
clustering algorithms and
other tools.
5 Systems and Imran Noor 2013 Journal Google This paper implements
Methods for Chaudhri, Scholar systems and methods to
Analysing and Potomac, MD analyse and visualize
Visualizing (US); Musa social events both past
Social Events Ghani, Vienna, and present events to
VA (US) predict the future events
on social
communications..
6 Visualizing the Ciuccarelli, P., 2014 Book Springer This research implements
data city: social Lupi, G., & various new methods and
media as a Simeone, L technologies to explore
source of designing, planning and
knowledge for managing huge data sets
urban planning by analysing and
and visualizing social media.
management
7 Analyzing and Saheb, T., & 2019 Journal Google This article conducts a
visualizing Saheb, M Scholar quantitative review
knowledge analysis to provide a
structures of logical and theoretical
health clarification on health
informatics informatics. It reviews
from 1974 to about 30,115 articles from
2018: a 1974 to 2018 and
bibliometric produces a bibliometric
and social social analysis of the
network health care systems by
analysis using deep learning
algorithms and other
tools.
8 Analyzing the Golbeck, J 2013 Book Google Internet has become an
social web Books indispensable source in
our daily life and people
 are connected to each
other through this internet
both directly and through
the content that they
created. This research
provides us with
techniques to analyse and
visualize these
connections.
9 Visual analytics Leung, C. K. 2011 Journal Springer This paper deals with the
of social S., analysis and visualization
networks: Carmichael, C. of social data using a
mining and L., & Teh, E. visual analytic tool
visualizing co- W SocialVis which mines
authorship social information to help
networks the users in understanding
about networks.
10 Analyzing Hansen, D., 2010 Book Elsevier This research helps us in
social media Shneiderman, analysing and visualizing
networks with B., & Smith, the social media networks
NodeXL: M. A. with the help of Microsoft
Insights from a Excel extension NodeXL
connected and also analyses various
world case studies.
11 Big data Zadrozny, P., 2013 Book Springer This research uses Big
analytics using & Kodali, R Data Analytics which
Splunk: involves using an analysis
Deriving tool splunk, which mines
operational your social data using
intelligence operational intelligence. It
from social helps in deriving business
media, machine values using Big Data
data, existing from social media,
data existing data warehouses,
warehouses, machine data and other
and other real- online community
time streaming platforms.
sources
12 Visualizing Ogawa, M., 2007 Journal Google The research goal was to
Social Ma, K. L., Scholar apply advanced
Interaction in Bird, C., Visualization techniques
Open Source Devanbu, P., to help scientists, software
Software & Gourley, A developers and IT
Projects specialists with the
Analysis of Data.
13 Giving meaning Onorati, T., & 2016 Journal Springer In times of emergency
to tweets in Díaz, P situations, people tweet or
emergency use social media to
situations: a express their views. This
semantic paper tries to understand
 approach for the situation of the people
filtering and in emergency situation by
visualizing filtering the data using
social data visualization and
analytical tools.
14 Analyzing and Hauthal, E., 2019 Journal Google Social media such as
visualizing Burghardt, D., Scholar twitter and Facebook uses
emotional & Dunkel, A emoji’s to express the
reactions thoughts and actions of
expressed by the people. This paper
emojis in analyses and visualizes
location-based those emotions by using
social media various tools.
15 Analyzing Wetzker, R., 2008 Journal Google In this paper, they are
social Zimmermann, Scholar analysing and visualizing
bookmarking C., & millions of bookmarks
systems: A del. Bauckhage, C found at del.icio.us to
icio.us interpret social
cookbook bookmarking and to avoid
spams.
16 Analyzing Hogan, B 2008 Book Google This research involves
social networks Books analysing the social
networks and explains
how they are different
from other online
networks by using various
attributes related to data
analytics.
17 Analyzing and García, F. F 2015 Journal Google The main aspect of this
visualizing Scholar research is to get an
news spread insight on how the news
based on in social media is
images in social spreading and whether it
media has a pattern, and if so
networks. will it help in the future
prediction of news spread,
by analysing and
visualizing social data.
18 Esteem: A Arendt, D., & 2017 Journal Google This paper presents a tool
novel Volkova, S Scholar for analysing and
framework for visualizing social media
qualitatively data such as text messages
evaluating and and conversations to
visualizing evaluate the
spatiotemporal spatiotemporal
embeddings in embedding’s in social
social media media.
19 Visualizing Meirelles, I 2011 Journal Google The main goal of this
data: new Scholar paper is to interpret the
pedagogical visual, theoretical and
 challenges logical aspects of
significant amounts of
data to design
undergraduate education.
20 FBWatch: Brückner, L., 2015 Journal Google The main goal of this
Extracting, Caton, S., & Scholar research is to use a tool
analyzing and Hall, M. A. FBWatch which is a web
visualizing application that enables
public researchers and analysts
Facebook to extract, visualize and
profiles analyse the relationship
between Facebook
profiles.
21 Analyzing and Yang, C. C., & 2011 Journal Google This paper analyses and
visualizing web Ng, T. D Scholar visualizes web opinions
opinion and social interactions
development using various algorithms
and social such as density based
interactions clustering thereby
with density- proposing the distance
based clustering based clustering
technique.
22 Do You Know Hansen, D. L., 2012 Journal Google The journal evaluates the
the Way to Rotman, D., Scholar study of 15 graduate
SNA?: A Bonsignore, students who were
process model E., Milic- learning to apply Social
for analyzing Frayling, N., Network Analysis (SNA)
and visualizing Rodrigues, E. to the social data obtained
social media M., Smith, M., from the online social
network data & media communities. It
Shneiderman, was done using various
B surveys, interviews,
questionnaires,
interactions and
observations.

Based on Table 2, I am able to interpret the systematic analysis and visualization of various
kinds of data, especially social data.

Evaluation Framework:
As you can see from the Systematic Literature Review, Social Data has been analysed
and visualized to predict the future aspects of living. In one of the papers in Table 2, they
have used 30,115 articles from 1974 to 2018 from the database to analyse and visualize the
needs in health informatics. I can relate this so much to our current situation because our
world is hit by a huge pandemic COVID-19. We have not found the medicine for cure but
through the data obtained from various time periods, countries and diseases we were able to
control the death rates. This is possible only because of analytical tools such as Splunk.
Medicine is a fast growing field and to make it reach automation, analytics and visualization
of data is indispensable. Big Data, Data Analytics and other tools are essential for this
formidable upgradation.
Limitations:
While this research has so much significance, they also come with certain limitations
such as,

 Without proper data you cannot analyse and visualize proper outputs.
 Since a lot of data is used you should keep it secure from cybercrime and other such
vulnerabilities.
 The social data should be handled carefully due to privacy concerns.
 Proper tools should be used for analysis and visualization.

These are certain limitations regarding the analysis and visualization of Social data but
they can be avoided if you do your research with precaution.

Conclusion:
The Systematic Literature Review on Analysing and Visualization on Social
Networking is data oriented and can vary based on the genre in which the data has been taken
from. The Review helped us to clearly understand the significance of Analysis and
Visualization of Social Data and how it is used in the field of Research and Development. I
conclude my Review by analysing various journals, articles, books and by providing a brief
summary on how the analysis and visualization of social data has a huge scope in many
fields.

References:

Borgatti, S. P., Everett, M. G., & Johnson, J. C. (2018). Analyzing social networks. Sage.

Castellanos, M. G., Dayal, U., Ghosh, R., & Hsu, M. (2013). U.S. Patent Application No.
13/436,541.

Henry, N., & Fekete, J. D. (2007, September). Matlink: Enhanced matrix visualization for
analyzing social networks. In IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (pp. 288-
302). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Lieberman, M. (2014, March). Visualizing big data: Social network analysis. In Digital
research conference (pp. 1-23).

Chaudhri, I. N., & Ghani, M. (2013). U.S. Patent Application No. 13/858,810.

Ciuccarelli, P., Lupi, G., & Simeone, L. (2014). Visualizing the data city: social media as a
source of knowledge for urban planning and management. Springer Science & Business
Media.

Saheb, T., & Saheb, M. (2019). Analyzing and visualizing knowledge structures of health
informatics from 1974 to 2018: a bibliometric and social network analysis. Healthcare
informatics research, 25(2), 61-72.

Golbeck, J. (2013). Analyzing the social web. Newnes.

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Foundations of Augmented Cognition (pp. 335-345). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Hansen, D., Shneiderman, B., & Smith, M. A. (2010). Analyzing social media networks with
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Zadrozny, P., & Kodali, R. (2013). Big data analytics using Splunk: Deriving operational
intelligence from social media, machine data, existing data warehouses, and other real-time
streaming sources. Apress.

Onorati, T., & Díaz, P. (2016). Giving meaning to tweets in emergency situations: a semantic
approach for filtering and visualizing social data. SpringerPlus, 5(1), 1782.

Hauthal, E., Burghardt, D., & Dunkel, A. (2019). Analyzing and visualizing emotional
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Wetzker, R., Zimmermann, C., & Bauckhage, C. (2008, July). Analyzing social bookmarking
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