2x

 1 
1. Solve the equation 9x–1 =  3 .

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 4 marks)

 2p 3
 
  4 p p  and det A = 14, find the possible values of p.
2. If A =

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 4 marks)

a 2 
 
 2  1  , where a 
3. Let M = .

(a) Find M2 in terms of a.

(4)

1
  5  4
 
2   4 5  , find the value of a.
(b) If M is equal to
(2)

Using this value of a, find M–l and hence solve the system of equations:

–x + 2y = –3
2x – y = 3
(6)
(Total 12 marks)

5 2 11 2
  44 8 
4. A and B are 2 × 2 matrices, where A = 2 0 and BA =   . Find B.

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 4 marks)

2
  3 2
 
  1 0  find the values of the real number k for which
5. Given the matrix A =
det(A – kI) = 0
 1 0
 
where I =  0 1  .

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 4 marks)

 a  4  6
 
 8 5 7
 5 3 4 
6. (a) Find the values of a and b given that the matrix A =  is the
 1 2 2
 
 3 b 1 .
 1 1  3 
inverse of the matrix B =

3
 (b) For the values of a and b found in part (a), solve the system of linear
equations

x + 2y – 2z = 5
3x + by + z = 0
–x + y – 3z = a – 1.

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..
(b) ...............................................
...................

(Total 4 marks)

7. Find the values of the real number k for which the determinant of the matrix
k  4 3 
 
 2 k  1 is equal to zero.

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 3 marks)

4
8. (a) Given matrices A, B, C for which AB = C and det A  0, express B in terms
of A and C.
(2)

5
 1 2 3   4 13  7  5
     
2 1 2  2 7  4  7
3 3 2   3 9 5  10 
(b) Let A =  ,D=  and C =   .

(i) Find the matrix DA;

(ii) Find B if AB = C.
(3)

(c) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the planes

x + 2y + 3z = 5, 2x – y + 2z = 7 and 3x – 3j + 2z = 10.
(2)
(Total 7 marks)

x 4 2 y
   
2  and B = 4  , find 2 values of x and y, given that AB = BA.
9. If A =  4 8

Working:

Answers:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 3 marks)

6
  1 –2 –3
 
 1 –k –13
– 3 5 k 
10. The matrix  is singular. Find the values of k.

Working:

Answers:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 3 marks)

11. The matrix A is given by

2 1 k 
 
 1 k – 1
3 4 2 
A=  

Find the values of k for which A is singular.

Working:

Answers:

……………………………………
…………..
(Total 6 marks)

12. (a) Find the determinant of the matrix

7
 1 1 2
 
1 2 1
 2 1 5
 
(1)

8
 (b) Find the value of λ for which the following system of equations can be
solved.

 1 1 2  x   3
    
 1 2 1   y    4
 2 1 5  z   λ
    
(3)

(c) For this value of λ, find the general solution to the system of equations.
(3)
(Total 7 marks)

13. The matrices A, B, X are given by

 3 1 4 8  a b
 ,  ,  ,
A =  – 5 6 B =  0 – 3 X =  c d  where a, b, c, d 
.

Given that AX + X = Β, find the exact values of a, b, c and d.

(Total 8 marks)

 3 – 2  1 0
   
14. Given that A =  – 3 4  and I =  0 1  , find the values of λ for which (A – λI) is
a singular matrix.

Working:

Answers:

…....
…………………………………
………..
……..............................................
....................

(Total 6 marks)

9
  5 – 2
 
15. Consider the matrix A =  7 1  .

(a) Write down the inverse, A–l.

(2)

10
 (b) B, C and X are also 2 × 2 matrices.

(i) Given that XA + B = C, express X in terms of A–1, B and C.

6 7   – 5 0
   ,
 5 – 2  , and  – 8 7  find X.
(ii) Given that B = C=
(4)
(Total 6 marks)

16. The matrices A, B, C and X are all non-singular 3 × 3 matrices.

Given that A–lXB = C, express X in terms of the other matrices.

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

 1  1 2
 
 2 p 3
 1  2 5
17. Given that the matrix A =   is singular, find the value of p.

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……........
(Total 6 marks)

11
12
  a b  1 0
   
 c 0  and B =  d e  . Giving your answers in terms of a, b, c, d and e,
18. Let A =

(a) write down A + B;

(b) find AB.

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............
(Total 6 marks)

13
 1  3 1 
 
 2 2  1
1  5 3 
19. (a) Write down the inverse of the matrix A =  

(b) Hence solve the simultaneous equations

x – 3y + z = 1

2x + 2y – z = 2

x – 5y + 3z = 3

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............

.......................................................................................................................
..............
(Total 6 marks)

14
20. The square matrix X is such that X3 = 0. Show that the inverse of the matrix (I –
X) is
I + X + X2 .

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............

................................................................................................................................
...............
(Total 6 marks)

  2 4  5 2
   
21. Let C =  1 7  and D = 1 a .

The 2 × 2 matrix Q is such that 3Q = 2C – D

(a) Find Q.
(3)

(b) Find CD.

(4)

15
(c) Find D–1.
(2)
(Total 9 marks)

16
 2 3 2 0
   
 1  2  and B = 0  3  find X if BX = A – AB.
22. Given that A =

Working:

Answer:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 6 marks)

23. A population of bacteria is growing at the rate of 2.3 % per minute. How long will
it take for the size of the population to double? Give your answer to the nearest
minute.

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 4 marks)

17
24. Find the coefficient of x5 in the expansion of (3x – 2)8

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 4 marks)

25. Given that

(1 + x)5 (1 + ax)6  1 + bx + 10x2 + ............... + a6 x11,

find the values of a, b  *.

Working:

Answers:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 4 marks)

18
26. Find the coefficient of a3b4 in the expansion of (5a + b)7.

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 4 marks)

5 7 12
27. Find the coefficient of a b in the expansion of (a + b) .

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 4 marks)

19
 7 10
28. Find the coefficient of x in the expansion of (2 + 3x) , giving your answer as a whole number.

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 3 marks)

7
 1 
x  2  7
29. The coefficient of x in the expansion of  ax  is 3 . Find the possible values
of a.

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 3 marks)

20
 9
 2 
x– 2  .
30. Determine the constant term in the expansion of  x 

Working:

Answers:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 4 marks)

31. Use the binomial theorem to complete this expansion.

4 4 3
(3x +2y) = 81x + 216x y +...

Working:

Answers:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 4 marks)

 4  4  4
(1  x) 4 1   x    x 2   x 3  x 4 .
32. Consider the binomial expansion  1   2  3

 4  4  4
        .
(a) By substituting x = 1 into both sides, or otherwise, evaluate 1   2   3 

21
  9  9   9  9   9  9  9   9
                      
(b) Evaluate 1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8  .

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..
(b) ...............................................
...................

(Total 4 marks)

9
 2 1
 3x –  .
33. Consider the expansion of  x

(a) How many terms are there in this expansion?

(b) Find the constant term in this expansion.

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..
(b) ...............................................
...................

22
(Total 6 marks)

23
34. Find the coefficient of x3 in the expansion of (2 – x)5.

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

8
 1 
1 – x 
35. Find the coefficient of x in the binomial expansion of  2  .
3

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

24
36. Find the term containing x10 in the expansion of (5 + 2x2)7.

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

37. (a) Prove, using mathematical induction, that for a positive integer n,

(cos + i sin)n = cosn + i sinn where i2 = –1.

(5)

(b) The complex number z is defined by z = cos + i sin.

1
(i) Show that z = cos(–) + i sin(–).

(ii) Deduce that zn + z–n = 2cos nθ.

(5)

(c) (i) Find the binomial expansion of (z + z–l)5.

1
5
(ii) Hence show that cos  = 16 (a cos5 + b cos3 + c cos),
where a, b, c are positive integers to be found.
(5)
(Total 15 marks)

25
38. Complete the following expansion.

(2 + ax)4 = 16 + 32ax + …

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

39. The diagram below shows two circles which have the same centre O and radii
16 cm and 10 cm respectively. The two arcs AB and CD have the same sector
angle  = 1.5 radians.

A B

C D

Find the area of the shaded region.

Working:

Answer:

26
 ……………………………………
……..
(Total 6 marks)

40. Find the term containing x3 in the expansion of (2 – 3x)8.

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……........
(Total 6 marks)

41. (a) Find the expansion of (2 + x)5, giving your answer in ascending powers of
x.

(b) By letting x = 0.01 or otherwise, find the exact value of 2.015.

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..
(b)

…………………………………
………..
(Total 6 marks)

42. Consider the complex number z = cos + i sin.

27
 (a) Using De Moivre’s theorem show that

1
n n
z + z = 2cosn.
(2)

4
 1
z  
(b) By expanding  z  show that

1
4
cos  = 8 (cos4 + 4cos2 + 3).
(4)
a

(c) Let g(a) =

 0
cos4 d
.

(i) Find g(a).

(ii) Solve g(a) = 1

(5)
(Total 11 marks)

43. Consider the expansion of (x2 – 2)5.

(a) Write down the number of terms in this expansion.

(b) The first four terms of the expansion in descending powers of x are
10 8 6 4
x – 10x + 40x + Ax + ...

Find the value of A.

Working:

Answers:
(a) ...............................................
...................
(b) ...............................................
...................
(Total 6 marks)

44. The diagram shows three graphs.

28
 B
y
A

29
 A is part of the graph of y = x.

x
B is part of the graph of y = 2 .

C is the reflection of graph B in line A.

Write down

(a) the equation of C in the form y =f(x);

(b) the coordinates of the point where C cuts the x-axis.

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..

(b) ...............................................
...................

(Total 4 marks)

45. Initially a tank contains 10 000 litres of liquid. At the time t = 0 minutes a tap is
opened, and liquid then flows out of the tank. The volume of liquid, V litres,
which remains in the tank after t minutes is given by

V = 10 000 (0.933t).

(a) Find the value of V after 5 minutes.

(1)

(b) Find how long, to the nearest second, it takes for half of the initial amount
of liquid to flow out of the tank.
(3)

(c) The tank is regarded as effectively empty when 95% of the liquid has
flowed out.
Show that it takes almost three-quarters of an hour for this to happen.
(3)

(d) (i) Find the value of 10 000 – V when t = 0.001 minutes.

30
 (ii) Hence or otherwise, estimate the initial flow rate of the liquid.
Give your answer in litres per minute, correct to two significant
figures.
(3)
(Total 10 marks)

46. A group of ten leopards is introduced into a game park. After t years the number
of leopards, N, is modelled by N = 10 e0.4t.

(a) How many leopards are there after 2 years?

(b) How long will it take for the number of leopards to reach 100? Give your
answers to an appropriate degree of accuracy.

Give your answers to an appropriate degree of accuracy.

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..
(b) ...............................................
...................

(Total 4 marks)

2
47. Solve, for x, the equation log2 (5x – x – 2) = 2 + 2 log2 x.

Working:

Answers:

31
……………………………………
……..

(Total 3 marks)

32
48. Each year for the past five years the population of a certain country has
increased at a steady rate of 2.7% per annum. The present population is 15.2
million.

(a) What was the population one year ago?

(b) What was the population five years ago?

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..
(b) ...............................................
...................

(Total 4 marks)

49. Michele invested 1500 francs at an annual rate of interest of 5.25 percent,
compounded annually.

(a) Find the value of Michele’s investment after 3 years. Give your answer to
the nearest franc.
(3)

(b) How many complete years will it take for Michele’s initial investment to
double in value?
(3)

(c) What should the interest rate be if Michele’s initial investment were to
double in value in 10 years?
(4)
(Total 10 marks)

50. Consider functions of the form y = e–kx

1 1
(a) Show that 
0
e – kx dx
= k (1 – e–k).
(3)

33
34
 (b) Let k = 0.5

(i) Sketch the graph of y = e–0.5x, for –1  x  3, indicating the

coordinates of the
y-intercept.

(ii) Shade the region enclosed by this graph, the x-axis, y-axis and the
line x = 1.

(iii) Find the area of this region.

(5)

dy
(c) (i) Find dx in terms of k, where y = e–kx.

The point P(1, 0.8) lies on the graph of the function y = e–kx.

(ii) Find the value of k in this case.

(iii) Find the gradient of the tangent to the curve at P.

(5)
(Total 13 marks)

51. $1000 is invested at 15% per annum interest, compounded monthly. Calculate
the minimum number of months required for the value of the investment to
exceed $3000.

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

35
52. The mass m kg of a radio-active substance at time t hours is given by

m = 4e–0.2t.

(a) Write down the initial mass.

(b) The mass is reduced to 1.5 kg. How long does this take?

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

53. There were 1420 doctors working in a city on 1 January 1994. After n years the
number of doctors, D, working in the city is given by

D = 1420 + 100n.

(a) (i) How many doctors were there working in the city at the start of 2004?

(ii) In what year were there first more than 2000 doctors working in the
city?
(3)

At the beginning of 1994 the city had a population of 1.2 million. After n years,
the population, P, of the city is given by
n
P = 1 200 000 (1.025) .

(b) (i) Find the population P at the beginning of 2004.

(ii) Calculate the percentage growth in population between 1 January

1994 and 1 January 2004.

(iii) In what year will the population first become greater than 2 million?
(7)

(c) (i) What was the average number of people per doctor at the beginning
of 1994?

(ii) After how many complete years will the number of people per doctor

36
 first fall below 600?
(5)
(Total 15 marks)

54. The population p of bacteria at time t is given by p = 100e0.05t.

Calculate

(a) the value of p when t = 0;

(b) the rate of increase of the population when t = 10.

Working:

Answers:

(a)

……………………………………
……..
(b)

……………………………………
……..
(Total 6 marks)

55. Solve the equation 43x–1 = 1.5625 × 10–2.

Working:

Answers:

....
…………………………………
…..........

37
 (Total 4 marks)

56. If loga 2 = x and loga 5 = y, find in terms of x and y, expressions for

(a) log2 5;

38
 (b) loga 20.

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..

(b) ...............................................
...................

(Total 4 marks)

2
 P 
log10  
 QR 3 
57. Let log10P = x , log10Q = y and log10R = z. Express in terms of x , y
and z.

Working:

Answers:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 4 marks)

58. (a) The function f is defined by

f :x ex –1 – x

39
(i) Find the minimum value of f.
(2)

(ii) Prove that ex  1 + x for all real values of x.

(3)

40
 (b) Use the principle of mathematical induction to prove that

1 1 1
(1  1) ( 1  ) (1  ) ....(1  )  n  1
2 3 n

for all integers n  1.

(6)

(c) Use the results of parts (a) and (b) to prove that
1 1 1
(1    .... )
e 2 3 n
 n.
(4)

(d) Find a value of n for which

1 1 1
1    ..... 
2 3 n  100
(3)
(Total 18 marks)

1
59. Solve the equation log9 81 + log9 9 + log9 3 = log9 x.

Working:

Answers:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 4 marks)

41
60. Solve the equation log27 x = 1 – log27 (x – 0.4).

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

61. Consider the following statements

A: log10 (10x) > 0.

B: –0.5  cos(0.5x)  0.5.

π π
C: – 2  arctan x  2 .

(a) Determine which statements are true for all real numbers x. Write your
answers (yes or no) in the table below.

Stateme (a) Is the statement (b) If not true,

nt true for all example
real numbers x?
(Yes/No)
A
B
C

(b) If a statement is not true for all x, complete the last column by giving an
example of one value of x for which the statement is false.

Working:

42
 (Total 6 marks)

 ln 2 
50
r

62. Find r 1 , giving the answer in the form a ln 2, where a  .

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

43
63. Given that log5 x = y, express each of the following in terms of y.

(a) log5x2

1
 
(b) log5  x 

(c) log25x

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..
(b)

…………………………………
………..
(b) ...............................................
...................

(Total 6 marks)

64. Find the exact value of x satisfying the equation

(3x)(42x+1) = 6x+2.

ln a
Give your answer in the form ln b where a, b  .
Working:

44
 Answer:

…....
…………………………………
………..
(Total 6 marks)

45
 3 1
100 – x 2 
65. Solve log16 2 .

Working:

Answers:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

3
x
66. Solve 2(5x+1) = 1 + 5 , giving the answer in the form a + log5 b, where a, b 

.
Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..

(Total 6 marks)

46
67. The table below shows the marks gained in a test by a group of students.

Mark 1 2 3 4 5
Number of 5 10 p 6 2
student
s

The median is 3 and the mode is 2. Find the two possible values of p.

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……..
(Total 6 marks)

68. Find an expression for the sum of the first 35 terms of the series

x2 x2 x2
 ln 2  ln 3 
ln x + ln y y y
2 

xm
n
giving your answer in the form ln y , where m, n  .
(Total 5 marks)

47
69. Let a = log x, b = log y, and c = log z.

 x2 y 
 
 z3 
Write log   in terms of a, b and c.

Working:

Answer:

……………………………………
……........
(Total 6 marks)

70. Find the exact solution of the equation 92x = 27(1–x).

Working:

Answer:

....
…………………………………
…..........

(Total 6 marks)

48
71. (a) Given that log3x – log3(x – 5) = log3A, express A in terms of x.

(b) Hence or otherwise, solve the equation log 3x – log3(x – 5) = 1.

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..

(b) ...............................................
...................

(Total 6 marks)

72. The function f is defined for x > 2 by f(x) = ln x + ln (x – 2) – ln (x2 – 4).

 x 

(a) Express f(x) in the form ln  x  a  .

(b) Find an expression for f–1(x).

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..

49
(b) ...............................................
...................

(Total 6 marks)

50
73. Let y = log3 z, where z is a function of x. The diagram shows the straight line L,
which represents the graph of y against x.
y
L

–2 –1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 x

(a) Using the graph or otherwise, estimate the value of x when z = 9.

1, log 5 
3
(b) The line L passes through the point  9  . Its gradient is 2. Find an
expression for z in terms of x.

Working:

Answers:

(a)

…………………………………
………..

(b) ...............................................
...................

(Total 6 marks)

51