E2-E3

Consumer Mobility

IT Infrastructure

For BSNL internal circulation only

 WELCOME
• This is a presentation for the E2-E3 CM
Module for the Topic: IT Infrastructure
• Eligibility: Those who have got the
Upgradation from E2 to E3.
• This presentation is last updated on 23-3-
2011.
• You can also visit the Digital library of
BSNL to see this topic.

© For BSNL internal circulation only

 Agenda
Introduction

Primary Components of Network

Server

Services provided by Server

Requirement of Server

Computer Network

Need of Computer Network

For BSNL internal circulation only

 Agenda
Types of Computer Network

Configuration of Computer Network

Internet

Components of Network

Networking Devices

Software

Operating System

For BSNL internal circulation only

 Introduction
In Information Technology and on the Internet,
infrastructure is the physical hardware used to
interconnect computers and users.

IT application implementation in each SSA/circle

need to build up and maintain IT infrastructure.

IT Infrastructure consists of the equipment, systems,

software and services.

It serves Mission/program/project.
5
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Three primary components

Servers
Desktop PCs &
Network Application

Network
RDBMS

Network
Operating
System
Clients/Users
Server
6
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Servers

It provide service to the clients/users through the

network.

It is a powerful computer runs on Network

Operating system.

We get a better performance if we dedicate a

server to a single task.

7
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Services provided by Servers

DNS (Domain Name System) – It is used to resolve

URL to IP Address & Vice Versa.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) – It is
used to allocate IP address & configure other
parameters like Gateway Address, DNS address,
Alternate DNS address on lease basis.
Mail – It sorts dispatches and delivers electronic
mails.
Proxy – It controls & restricts outgoing & incoming
traffic.
Database – It having RDBMS package to manage
data.
8
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Requirement of Servers
Better & faster CPU (Xeon, Dual core, Core 2 Duo).
RAM (> 2 GB)
Higher Bus width & speed (PCI - Peripheral Component
Interconnect)
More cache (>512 MB)
Higher Hard Disk capacity (> 160 GB)
Better hard disk controllers (SCSI)
Backup Devices (CTDs (Cartridge Tape Drive), DATs (Digital
Audio Tape), Optical Storage)
Better Cooling.
9
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Computer Network
Two or more connected computers that can share
resources such as data, Printer, Internet
Connection, applications.

10
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Need of Computer Networking

To share hardware resources

To share Software resources
To share Information or Database.
For communications: e-mail, e-commerce, video
conferencing, chatting etc.

11
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Types of Computer Network

LAN- Local Area Network

MAN – Metropolitan Area Network
WAN – Wide Area Network

12
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Local Area Network
It may be in a single Room, Building and Campus.
Having an Area Less than 100 meter.
Uses Cable.
Wide Area Network
Computer network covering a broad geographical area.
It may be in a City or in a Country.
uses Telephone Line.
Metropolitan Area Network
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a large computer
network that usually spans a city or a large campus.
13
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Configuration

Peer to Peer Client - Server Domain

(workgroup)

14
For BSNL internal circulation only
 URL (Universal resource locator)
http://www.indianrail.gov.in
Protocol Service Name of Site Category Country

WWW (World Wide Web) - Text, Pictures, Sound, Animations, Video

Clips
E-Mail (Electronic mail) – send letters, faxes, documents, files, pictures,
instantly.
User Newsgroups – Public discussion forums
Instant Messaging (Chat) – Real time conversations with Internet
users.
Telnet – Remote Login Service
FTP – File Transfer Protocol
15
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Client/Server
IP Address
0.0.0.0
(Minimum)
|
| 210.168.1.225
|
255.255.255.255
(Maximum)
Download

192.168.1.105
Upload
Client Server
16
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Internet

The Internet is a Computer network made up of

thousands of networks worldwide.

All Computers on the Internet communicate

with one another using the Transmission
Control Protocol/Internet Protocol suite.

Computers on the Internet use a Client/Server

architecture.

17
For BSNL internal circulation only
Different applications/services between computers: e-
mail, File Transfer, Remote Login, Web Surfing,
Network Management, chatting, playing games etc.

Internet is a collection of interconnected computer

networks, linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables,
Telephone line, Satellite, wireless connections, etc

18
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Components of Network
1. Data Terminal Equipment (DTE): PCs, Servers and Printers etc.

2. Data Communication Equipment (DCE): Modems, HUB, Switches,

Router, Gateways etc.

3. Media: Path by which traffic flowing from source to destination.

E.g. CU cable, Ethernet cable, DSL, OFC, wireless etc.

4. NIC (Network Interface Card): It links DTE & DCE

19
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Networking Devices

HUB LAN Switches Router

Physically a star Maximum use Number of LANs connected

topology but of available with the help of some
logically a Bus bandwidth internetworking devices like
topology Routers
20
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Software

System Software: Operating Systems, Device

Drivers, Utilities etc.

Application Software: Word Processor, Spread-

Sheet, database, Presentation, Graphic,
Multimedia etc.

21
For BSNL internal circulation only
 Operating Systems

Desktop Operating System: MS Windows XP,

Vista, Macintosh etc.

Network Operating System: MS Windows

Server, UNIX, Linux, Sun-Solaris etc.

22
For BSNL internal circulation only
For BSNL internal circulation only