1.

0 GROUP BIODATA

NAME: AHMAD MUIS BIN KASIM

IC NO.: 960819-11-5577
MATRIC NUMBER: 2018402246
ADDRESS: LOT 2405, TAMAN SAUJANA, KG. PDG. LUAS, JERTEH,
22000, BESUT, TERENGGANU.
EMAIL: muiskasim19@gmail.com
SPORT: RUGBY
MOTTO: U WILL NEVER GET WHAT U WANT.

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NAME: ZAZWAN BIN ZALANI
IC NO.: 950817105931
MATRIC NUMBER: 2018263966
ADDRESS: NO 70, JALAN 9/9F SEKSYEN 9 BANDAR BARU BANGI
43650, SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN
EMAIL: zazwann@gmail.com
SPORT: BASKETBALL
MOTTO: I AM AMONG THOSE WHO THINK THAT SCIENCE HAS
GREAT BEAUTY

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NAME : NOR FARAHAIN BINTI HASSAN

IC NO : 960315-06-5166

MATRIC NUMBER : 2018264494

ADDRESS : BANDAR TASIK PUTERI, 48020 RAWANG

EMAIL : ffrhainn@gmail.com

SPORT : HANDBALL

MOTTO : TIME IS FREE, BUT IT’S PRICELESS

3
NAME : ARISSA NAJIHAH BT ABD MAJID @ RAZALI

IC NO. : 970322-11-5482

MATRIC NUMBER: : 2018861756

ADRESS: : NO.4, JALAN SEREMBAN TIGA 2, 70300 SEREMBAN

NEGERI SEMBILAN

EMAIL: : arissarazali14@gmail.com

SPORT: : HOCKEY

MOTTO: : NO GUTS NO GLORY

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2.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Most importantly, Alhamdullilah and thank to Allah S.W.T offer this chance to
discover valuable lesson in this SPS554 which is Applied Exercise Rehabilitation. In
performing our assignment, we had to take the help of guideline of some respected persons,
who deserve or greatest attitude. The completion of this assignment gives us much pleasure.
We would like to address a big thank to Sir Muhamad Safiq bin Saiful Annur for giving us
the good guidline for assignment throughout numerous consulations.

Basically, our team concist of four person which are two boys and two girls. Our
group member’s name is Arissa Najihah bt Abd Majid @ Razali, Nor Farahain binti Hassan,
Zazwan bin Zalani and Ahmad Muis bin Kasim. We are stronger believe that we can gain lot
of knowledge from this subject that we can use in the future.
We had given an assessment by our beloved lecturer, Si Muhamad Safiq bin Saiful Annur
which is we need to fulfill the requirement of Subject sps554 Applied Exercise
Rehabilitation.
This assignment or assessment is call Report Visit which is we need to visit any Rehab center
in Malaysia. Besides, the aim of this visit is we need to observe and evaluate the
rehabilitation in the rehab center. We also need to do a report based on SOAP which is
Subjective, Objective, Assessment and Planning.

After we had been searching the Rehab Center, we found that Senawang
Physiotherapy & Rehab Centre is a suitable place for our visit. We got to learn a new
experience and got the chance to see how the physiotherapist do a rehab for the patient. We
also got to know all the equipment used for the patients.

By doing this visit, we believe that we can do a good report by SOAP, and this visit
give us many benefits as we can applied in our daily life.

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3.0 Introduction

Senawang Physiotherapy and Rehabilitations is a company that provides a

rehabilitation service for injured people that has been diagnosed by the professional
healthcare. Senawang Physiotherapy and Rehabilitations was established on 2019. In
2014 they have old branches at Rawang, Selangor t. At Senawang Physiotherapy and
Rehabilitations they have experienced a lot of client also they have collaboration
panel with Tenaga Nasional and Perkeso Mallaca. Senawang Physiotherapy and
Rehabilitations also has an extensive experience staff that can give an extraordinary
heath care service.

3.1 About Company

3.1.1 Company`s Detail

Company Name : Senawang Physiotherapy and Rehabilitations

Address : No 19, Jalan Cempaka 28, Pusat Perniagaan

Cempaka 70450, Senawang.

Telephone Number : 03-60919713 (Office)

012-2110548 (Handphone)

016-6109713 (Whatsapp)

Email : Impianselama@yahoo.com

Website : https://www.rawangphysiotheraphy.com

Facebook : Rawang Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation

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 3.2 Equipment

Tens (transcutaneous electrical Ift + russin current

Wax therapy
nerve stimulation) + Muscle (Pain relieve)
stimulator

Vacuum therapy Finger ladder Shoulder wheel

Parallel Bar Traction Bed & traction

Wall ladder machine

Ultrasound 1mz&3mz Laser therapy

3.3 SUBJECTIVE

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 3.3.1 History

a) Athlete’s impressions
- Gardening in front of her house. While her doing gardening, she wrongly lifting
the flower pots by using her back instead of using legs.
b) Site of injury
- At spinal cord at lumbar (L4 – L5)
c) Mechanism of injury
- Wrong posture of lifting.
d) Previous injury
None, she never got injured in spine area.

3.3.2 Symptoms

a) Provocation
- She feels current shock at his spine area and after that she cannot move because
the pain makes the movement limited.
b) Quality
- Sharpness, dull, stiffness.
c) Region
- She cannot seat for a long period of time.
d) Severity
- Scale 8-10

4.0 OBJECTIVE

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 Regarding to the task we have been received by our lecturer, we have too interview and
observe the patient that physiotherapist have been doing on special test and also strength
test too checks if the patient is positive for having injured on any parts.

4.1 OBSERVATION

From the observation and information that we got from our physiotherapist named
Nur Alifah, one of the patients got injured when she does gardening in front of her
house. While her doing gardening, she wrongly lifting the flower pots by using her
back instead of bending her legs can lead back pain, this cause her lumbar and muscle
has more tension on that part. She said that only feels sore for a while and she doesn’t
think she get lower back pain yet until she always complains feels hurt while seating
normally or do-little activity, after that she goes to hospital for check-up. After MRI,
doctor said that she diagnosed with chronic which is feel more than 12 weeks. Based
on our interview, observation from the physiotherapist said that she cannot seat for
too long and do lift heavy things because it feels hurt on lower back. So, the doctor
said she need to go physiotherapy to reduce her lower back pain and faster her
recovery.

4.2 INSPECTION

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 4.2.1 Special test

 Fulcrum Test

1. Patient sitting on the bench

2. Asked to lean back on their hand
3. Place forearm under the tight
4. Other hand placed dorsum of the tight press gently

Positive: feel pain on the tight.

 Ely’s Test

1. Patient lies prone with the knees extended

2. Examiner passively flexes the patient knee
3. Do both side leg
4. Positive: the hip passively flexes as the examiner flex the knee.

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  Piriformis Tightness Test

1. Patient is side-lying with the test leg being uppermost leg

2. Athlete’s test leg is flexed at the hip to about 60° & the knee flexed
3. Examiner stabilizes the hip with one hand & applies a downward pressure to the knee

Positive: Piriformis muscle pain and buttock pain

4.3 Strength test

- 0/5: No contraction
- 1/5: Muscle flicker, but no movement
- 2/5: Movement possible, but not against gravity
- 3/5: Movement possible against gravity, but no against resistance by the examiner
- 4/5: Movement possible against some resistance by the examiner
- 5/5: Normal strength

5.0 INTRODUCTION OF LOW BACK PAIN

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 Low back pain is the pain in the lower back area that can relate to problems with the
lumbar spine. It is as the lower back which start below the ribcage that called the lumbar
region. Basically, low back classified by duration which is acute (pain lasting less than 6
weeks), sub- chronic (6-12 weeks) and chronic than 12 weeks.

Most people have at least one backache in their life. Although this pain or discomfort can
happen anywhere in our back, the most common area affected is the lower back. This is
because the lower back supports most of the body’s weight. Low back pain is the number two
reason that Americans see their health care provider. It is second only to colds and flu. People
will usually first feel back pain just after they lift a heavy object, move suddenly, sit in one
position for a long time or have an injury or accident. Other than that, it is also because of the
obesity, extreme tallness and also people who smoking. In conjunction, cigarette smoking can
decrease the degeneration intervertebral disc. Acute low back pain is most often caused by
sudden injury to the muscle and ligaments supporting the back. The pain may be caused by
muscle spasm or strain or tear in the muscles and ligaments.

Besides that, people who get the low back pain will feel stinging, burning pain that moves
from the low back pain to the back of the thighs, sometimes into the lower legs or feet that
can include numbness or tingling. The majority of lower back pain occurs within the five
vertebrae (known as LI-L5) in the lumbar region, which supports much of the weight of the
upper body. In between the vertebrae sit circular, spongy pads called intervertebral discs that
absorb the shock and protect the spinal column. Ligaments, which are bands of tissue, hold
the vertebrae in place and tendons connect to the spinal cord, sending signals of
communication from the brain all over our bodies and relaying data about sensation and also
pain back to the brain.

5.1 MEETING SCHEDULE WITH REHABILITATION STAFF

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DATE: 11 JUNE 2019

TIME: 2.00 PM – 6.00 PM

PLACE: SENAWANG PHYSIOTHERAPY & REHAB CENTRE

DESCRIPTION EXPLANATION
- History talking - First thing first, we get the information
how the patient at the rehab center get the
injury and what type of injury mostly
happen to them
- We also get information about their past
medical history such as did they had an
operation or undergo rehabilitation process.

5.2 ASSESSMENT OF LOW BACK PAIN

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 During our meeting at Senawang Physiotherapy and Rehab Centre, we get to know a
lot of equipment that had been used as assessment for patients to treat their injury. The
examples of equipment are parallel bar, traction bed & traction machines, stair up, tense
machines, treadmill, leg press, shoulder wheel and wall ladder. Miss Alifah which is staff at
Senawang Physiotherapy & Rehab Centre had explain to us how use the equipment with the
right technique and show the demonstration to us.

During the visit, Miss Alifah had explained to us about the assessment for the patient.
First thing first, we start to identify the problem of their patients and we also evaluate
whether the patient’s condition is progressing or not by doing that assessment or special test.
The patient at the Senawang Rehab Center had been treat nicely and got a right treatment
based on their injury.

Lastly, after we saw or evaluate all the assessment at the Senawang Rehab Center, we
can conclude that the condition of the patient was improving and had a big progressing from
time to time. We also ask the current condition and the time taken of the patient do the
rehabilitation at the Senawang Rehab Center.

5.3 ASSESSMENT AT THE REHAB CENTER

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 1. PARALLEL BAR

Figure 1

Figure 2

PARALLER BAR

- Rehabilitation therapists use parallel bars for coordination exercises.  These task-oriented
procedures help people with balance and coordination problems, typically resulting from
strokes or brain trauma.  Patients are required to repeat concise movements that work more
than one joint and muscle.

- Parallel bars can be platform-mounted, floor-mounted, or wall-mounted and can be height

adjustable with electrical and battery power, or with manual manipulation. They are often

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used in therapy for individuals recovering from post-surgery, muscle atrophy, illness, disease,
nerve damage, or other disabilities or conditions.

2. TRACTION BED & TRACTION MACHINES

Figure 3

Figure 4

TRACTION BED & TRACTION MACHINES

- Lumbar traction is the process of applying a stretching force to the lumbar

vertebrae through body weight, weights, and/or pulleys to distract individual joints of the
lumbar spine.

- Lie down on the Saunders Lumbar Traction device so that the lower harness is 1 inch over
the top of your hips.
- Secure the lower harness over you bare skin first. Tighten the belts as snugly as possible
without pain.

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- Apply traction using the pump as described in the user’s manual. The desired number of
pounds for the lumbar area is any point between 50 to 150 lb. The desired treatment time is
around 20 to 30 minutes. Comply with the instructions and progression provided by physical
therapist.
3. STAIR UP

Figure 5

Figure 6

STAIR UP

- Training stairs are a great tool for increasing flexibility and improving lower body strength,
providing anaerobic 

Going up stairs with handrail(s)

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 1. Place hands on each of the rails, facing forward OR place both hands on the rail on
the side of your injured leg or weaker side.
2. Step up with your stronger leg first.
3. Bring the injured leg or weaker leg up to the same step.
4. Repeat.

Going down stairs with handrail(s)

1. Place hands on each of the rails, facing forward OR place both hands on the rail on
the side of your injured leg or weaker side.
2. Step down with the injured leg or weaker leg first.
3. Bring the stronger leg down to the same step.
4. Repeat.

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 3. TENS (TRANS CUTANEOS ELCTRICAL NERVE STIMULATION) MACHINES

Figure 7

Figure 8

TENS MACHINES

- TENS may be able to help reduce pain and muscle spasms caused by a wide range of
conditions including back pain

- Attach the pads directly to your skin. When the machine is switched on, small electrical
impulses are delivered to the affected area of your body, which you feel as a tingling
sensation.

- The electrical impulses can reduce the pain signals going to the spinal cord and brain,
which may help relieve pain and relax muscles. They may also stimulate the production
of endorphins, which are the body's natural painkillers.

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 4. TREADMILL

Figure 9

Figure 10

TREADMILL

- The treadmill is a commonly used means of testing and training patients with
cardiopulmonary diseases. There is growing interest in the use of the treadmill also for
rehabilitation of patients with orthopaedic and neurological diseases. 

- The patient will step up on treadmill and push the button that allowed from the staff.

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 5. LEG PRESS

Figure 11

Figure 12

LEG PRESS

- Leg Press is an effective machine for exercising all leg muscles. This unit is equipped with
lock mechanisms and isometric strength testing possibility.
- Choose the appropriate weight and set the seat so that the knees are bent just over right
angles.
- Position feet about shoulder width apart.
- Try to push through your heels, keeping the knees lined up over the toes.
- Extend the legs until nearly straight, avoiding locking the knees.

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 6. SHOULDER WHEEL

Figure 13

- Shoulder Wheel is just such a mechanism that allows patients to perform resistance
exercises to improve range of motion and relieve pain. The Shoulder Wheel is constructed of
a 37"-diameter steel tube wheel fitted with a resistance mechanism that revolves smoothly
around a drum to provide a varied arc of motion from 10° to 39°.

- By setting the handle to a specific position, resistance is controlled from 0 to the maximum
through a calibrated sensitive resistance mechanism. The Shoulder Wheel is mounted on 3
laminated hardwood boards to easily attach to the wall. The wheel can be adjusted up to a
height of 26" to fit all users.

7. WALL LADDER

Figure 14

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-  wall ladder is specifically designed to gradually build strength and bring back flexibility to
your shoulder, fingers, and wrist.

6.0 PLANNING

SHORT TERM
She provided us on how to manage or do the treatment whether at home or
anywhere. We can strengthen the core through an exercise like walking on a treadmill
or roll on the medicine ball. A corrected stretching daily can reduce the tension in the
back and increased mobility to help prevent strains. Poor posture can put the tension
and stress on the muscles in the back and neck seem like we should aware or be
conscious of our posture. Try to get the sleep when we needed as we know roughly
mostly of patients with chronic back pain suffer from sleep disorders and become
worse. Massage might help and can be back pain is caused by tense or overworked
muscles. By apply ice or heat to the back helps relax muscles and decrease muscle
inflammation. Apply heat to the area for 20 minutes and, if the patient prefers, ice can
be applied to the area for 20 minutes. Heat or ice should be applied to the area 2-3
times per day. These all the things that she do for the short term to recover her back.

LONG TERM
Low back pain that is long term is more to chronic low back pain. By
strengthen the low back pain, it is crucial to give enough support to the daily routine
movement. It is good for someone who has low back pain. The objective of this long
term is to get the full range of motion (ROM) for the patient. This will help to
increase her flexibility and stability at low back pain. By improving her low back
pain, at least she can do any kind of physical activities without feel much pain like
before. By knowing this, she can do a proper exercise rehabilitation program by
herself at home without any help. Lastly, by guiding the patient through this
rehabilitation program it will assist her to recover back to the normal health or at least
have reduced the injury better than before. The patient know what times she targets
for self to achieve the goal especially on their range of motion to back at the normal.

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7.0 CONCLUSION

Alhamdulillah and thank you to Allah S.W.T because we managed this assignment
and assessment SPS 554 which is Applied Exercise Rehabilitation without any problem.
We finished this assignment within the time that is given and throughout this assignment
we also learnt how to manage our time effectively.
The most important thing is, we would like to thank our special person that always
advise us and lead us to complete this assignment. The special person is our lecturer
Muhamad Safiq Bin Saiful Annur. Thank you to Sir Safiq for gives us the useful
knowledge, the great experience inside and outside of the class.
We are also like to thank our physiotherapist, Nur Alifah because give full of
commitment and always positive with our questions about the low back pain. After first
meet, from what we observe there is too much information that we get through the
physically and mentally. We also get chance to try the equipment like Intraction, how the
patient feel when during this treatment.
Lastly, for this assignment we gained a lot of knowledge that we can use in future. We
hope the information that we get, we will remember that and can use them in future soon.

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8.0 REFERENCES

Smuck M et al, Does physical activity influence the relationship between low back pain and
obesity, presented at the annual meeting, North American Spine Society, 2013; New Orleans,
as yet unpublished.

Giesecke T et al, The relationship between depression, clinical pain, and experimental pain in
a chronic pain cohort, Arthritis & Rheumatism, 2005; 52: 1577-84.

Bair MJ, Von Korf et al, Pain, Anxiety, and Depression: Intertwined and Interactive
Conditions, Back Letter 24(1), 2009.

Simon GE, VonKor M et al, An International Study of the Relation between Somatic
Symptoms and Depression, N Engl J Med 1999; 341:1329-1335 Oct. 28, 1999.

Tang NK et al, Mental defeat is linked to interference, distress, and disability in chronic pain,
Pain 2010; 149(3): 547-54. Doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.03.028.

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