Quarter 1- Module 1 The Nature and Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Department of Education Republic of the Philippines

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Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1-
Module 1: The Nature and Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science First Edition,
2020

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Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Quarter 1- Module 1 The Nature and Goals of
Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

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and private schools, colleges, and/or universities. We encourage teachers and other education
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We value your feedback and recommendations.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page No.

Overview 1

Content 1

Competencies 1

Pretest 2

Lesson 1

Activity 1 3

Activity 2 4

Activity 3 5

Activity 4 5
Lesson 2

Activity 1 7

Activity 2 9

Activity 3 9

Activity 4 10

Activity 5 11

Reflective Questions 11

Post Test 12

Answer Key 13

References 14

OVERVIEW

The objectives of this module are best achieved if the learners fully understand the importance
of understanding the nature and goals of anthropology, sociology and political science and the
perspectives of anthropology, sociology and political science. Additionally, learners are required
to: 1. Read and understand the instructions properly; 2. Write your answers in your notebook; 3.
Answer the pretest prior to the lesson proper; 4. Take note of the terminologies (mark and
labeled as bold) cited relevant to the study of Social Sciences; 5. Self–check and compare your
answers against the key answer found at the end of this module; 6. Perform critically the
activities instructed in this module; and 7. Answer the given assessment test after thorough
study of the lessons. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

This module will help you understand the Nature and Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and
Political Science. Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions.
Sociology’s subject matter is diverse, ranging from crime to religion, from the family to the state.
While anthropology is a branch of sociology, it always describes human, human behavior and
human societies around the world. Political science, by nature, is a social science that deals with
humans and their interactions.

These are the competencies included in this module: 1. The Nature and Goals of Anthropology,
Sociology and Political Science (UCSP11/12SPUIb -5) 2. The Perspective of Anthropology,
Sociology and Political Science (UCSP11/12 DCS-Ic-6)

For the Learners

Welcome to the journey of Understanding Culture, Society and Politics! Prepare yourself to
discover how far you have gone in developing your essential life skills in Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics particularly in The Nature and Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political
Science and the Perspectives of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science. As a Senior High
School learner, you have to deal with a variety of learning skills in your daily life. This module
will help you face the rigors of the curriculum aligned with the K to 12 features. The primary goal
of this module is not only to further enhance your skills, but more importantly to ensure that
you are able to use these skills to develop your capacity to think critically and logically.

WHAT I KNOW (PRETEST)

This activity will enable you to assess your prior knowledge from the topic that will be discussed
in this lesson. Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer and write your answer in your
activity notebook.

1. It defines how people relate to nature and their physical environment. A. Politics B.
Anthropology C. Culture D. Sociology

2. It always describes human, human behaviour and human societies around the world. A.
Sociology B. Anthropology C. Political Science D. Culture

3. It is a social science that deals with humans and their interactions. A. Sociology B.
Anthropology C. Political Science D. Culture

4. It is the study of human social relationships and institutions. A. Politics B.

Anthropology C. Culture D. Sociology

5. It is a state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing.
A. Beliefs B. Customs C. Traditions D. Norms

6. This term means scientific study of man or human beings. A. Politics B.

Anthropology C. Culture D. Sociology

7. It refers to a theoretical foundation of contemporary anthropology. A. Nature of

politics C. Nature of culture B. Nature of anthropology D. Nature of
sociology

8. It attempts to explain how the social world operates. A. Political theory

C. Anthropological theory B. Sociological theory D. Cultural theory

9. It is used to analyse and explain objects of social study, and facilitate organizing sociological
knowledge. A. Theoretical perspective C. Cultural perspective B. Conflict
perspective D. Functionalist perspective
10. It sees social life as a competition, and focuses on the distribution of resources, power, and
inequality. A. Theoretical perspective C. Cultural perspective B. Conflict
perspective D. Functionalist perspective

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to: 1. identify the nature of Anthropology, Sociology
and Political Science; 2. know the goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political

Science. WHAT’S NEW

Activity 1. What you do

Directions: List down activities that exemplify the nature and goals of Anthropology, Sociology
and Political Science. Write your answers in your notebook.

Questions: 1. How do you find the activity? 2. What are the nature of anthropology, sociology
and political science? 3. How do you relate this nature to your daily life?

Lesson 1

The Nature and Goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science (UCSP11/12SPUIb -5)

Activities that shows the nature and goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science.

WHAT IS IT Why do you write those words? Here are things to learn about the nature and goals
of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science.

➢ The nature of culture refers to a theoretical foundation of contemporary anthropology. ➢ It

has been observed that the terms "nature" and "culture" that can not necessarily be translated
into non-western languages.

Anthropology relates to sociology, it always describes human, human behaviour and human
societies around the world. It is a comparative science that examines all societies. The term
anthropology means scientific study of man or human beings.

Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions. Sociology’s subject matter
is diverse, ranging from crime to religion, from the family to the state, from the divisions of race
and social class to the shared beliefs of a common culture, and from social stability to radical
change in whole societies. The purpose of sociology is to understand how human action and
consciousness both shape and are shaped by surrounding cultural and social structures.
Political Science is a social science that deals with humans and their interactions. It is a branch of
sociology; it essentially deals with the large-scale actions of humans, and group mentality.
WHAT’S MORE

Activity 2. Petal Web Organizer

Directions: Using the petal web organizer, write the most important details about the nature
and goals of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science in your activity notebook.

Questions:

1. How do you find the activity? 2. What are the important details you find out about the topic?
3. Do you find it helpful to know about the details of the topic?

Activity 3. Jumbled Letters

Directions: There are five words that you can find below; however, the letters are jumbled. A
short description is provided to help you identify the words. Kindly write the correct
word/phrase on the blanks provided. Write your answer in your notebook.

1. GYOLOPORTHAN -Scientific study of man or human beings. __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ 2. GYOLOICOS -Study of human social relationships and institutions.
__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 3. CALITILOP ECNEICS - A social science that deals with humans
and their interactions.

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

4. ERUTLUC - Consists of beliefs, behaviours, objects, and other characteristics

common to the members of a particular group or society. __ __ __ __ __ __ __

5. SFEILEB - A state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some

person or thing. __ __ __ __ __ __ __

Activity 4. Reflection

Directions: Write a reflection learned from the discussion. In writing your reflection, you have to
complete the sentence below on a separate sheet of paper.

I learned that________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

I realized that________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
If given a chance_____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

WHAT I CAN DO

Directions: Create a poster advertisement that shows the nature and goals of anthropology,
sociology and political science. Use ¼ size illustration board.

WHAT I LEARNED

The study of Man and its various aspects is known as Anthropology. It may be a subject of
science and arts. It is a branch of sociology. It describes human, human behaviour and human
societies and it examines all societies around the world. It also describes the ancestors through
time and space in relation to its environmental, social relations, and culture.

Cultural anthropology studies, human societies and elements of cultural life. An example of
cultural anthropology is the Linguistic anthropology which focuses on language in a certain
society. The goal of studying anthropology is to understand the origin human evolution and the
diverse forms of its existence throughout time.

Sociology is a social science; it belongs to the family of social sciences. As a social science,
focuses its aspects on man, his social manners, social activities and social life. The goal of
sociology is to help you understand how human action and consciousness both shape and are
shaped by the surrounding cultural and social structures.

Political science is a social science, it is a discipline that deals with several aspects such as the
study of state and government. It deals with the nature and formation of the state and
attempts to understand its forms and functions. The goal of Political Science is to constantly
deepen the knowledge, discover progress and protect the quality of life within a group,
community, country, and the world. Thus, it is the study of power relationships and competing
interests among states around the world.(Hudelson, Patricia M. “Culture and quality: an
anthropological perspective” International Journal for Quality in Health Care, Volume 16, Issue
5, October 2004, Pages)

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to: ⚫ identify the perspectives of Anthropology,
Sociology and Political Science; ⚫ explain the different perspectives. WHAT’S NEW

Activity 1. Power Organizer

Directions: Fill out the diagram below with your perspective of anthropology, sociology and
political science. Do the activity in your notebook.

Great! You have successfully completed the previous lesson and indeed you have understood
the nature and goals of anthropology, sociology and political science. By this time, you will
explore the perspectives of anthropology, sociology and political science. What do you think are
these perspectives and how important they are with anthropology, sociology and political
science? Now let’s find out in this lesson. Lesson 2 Perspectives of Anthropology, Sociology and
Political Science (UCSPC11DCS-Ic6)

Perspective of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science

Process questions:

1. How do you find the activity? 2. What important role does the activity emphasize? 3. Why
you need to know about the perspectives of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science?
WHAT IS IT

It was not easy to fill in the diagram. To be able to understand, read the following concepts:

Anthropological perspectives are culture, cultural relativism, fieldwork, human diversity, holism,
bio-cultural focus. The four main perspectives of Anthropology are the cross-cultural or
comparative emphasis, its evolutionary/historical emphasis, its ecological emphasis, and its
holistic emphasis (Dudgeon). An example for this is the analysis and solutions of the different
aspects of the society such as the environment issues of pollution, the issues on health and
medicine and other issues related to the human activities.

Sociological perspective introduces the discipline of sociology, including something about its
history, questions, theory, and scientific methods, and what distinguishes it from other social
science disciplines. Central features include social interaction and relationships, social contexts,
social structure, social change, the significance of diversity and human variation, and the critical,
questioning character of sociology. It also explores what sociologists do.

Sociology includes three major theoretical perspectives:

1. the functionalist perspective; 2. the conflict perspective; and 3. the symbolic interaction
perspective.

Theoretical perspective is used to analyse and explain objects of social study, and facilitate
organizing sociological knowledge. In functionalist perspective, societies are thought to function
like organisms, with various social institutions working together like organs to maintain and
reproduce societies. The conflict perspective sees social life as a competition, and focuses on the
distribution of resources, power, and inequality.

Political science perspective studies the tendencies and actions of people which cannot be easily
quantified or examined. Political science is more focused than most social sciences. It sticks to
the political arena and to the realm of politics, either dealing with situations with two competing
sides or the lateral decisions that affect the group as a whole. An example is the study of
democracy as a form of government and why is democracy considered as the best form of
government.

WHAT’S MORE

Activity 2. Converging Radial

Directions: Draw and complete the diagram in your notebook by writing the importance of
knowing the perspective of anthropology, sociology and political science.

Questions:

1. What is the importance of knowing the perspective of the ff: a. Anthropology b. Sociology c.
Political Science

Activity 3. Give me the details

Directions: Enumerate the perspectives of anthropology, sociology and political science. Then,
give examples of how they are being used in society. Write your answers in your activity
notebook.

A. Anthropology

Perspectives Examples

SOCIOLOGY

ANTHROPOLOGY

POLITICAL SCIENCE

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B. Sociology

Perspectives Examples

C. Political Science
Perspectives Examples

Activity 4. Where I can use it

Direction: Give a certain situation happening in your barangay where you can apply any of the
given perspectives. Explain it with clear descriptions in your notebook.

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WHAT I CAN DO

Activity 5. My Own Collage

Directions: Using various materials like pictures in magazines, newspapers and brochures.
Create a collage that reflects your understanding of anthropology, sociology and political
science. Use illustration board 1/8 in size. Refer to the rubric for scoring.

Reflective Questions: Write your answer in your activity notebook.

1. How the perspective of Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science help you?

2. Now that you have learned about these concepts, what will you do next?

3. How can you apply these concepts in your daily life?

Congratulations! You finish the module! Before you take off, let’s do some reflection by filling
out the box below with your insights and what you feel about the discussions and tasks
provided.

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Post Test

Directions: True or False. Analyze each statement. Write T If the statement is true and write F if
the statement is false. Write your answer in your activity notebook..

________1.Culture is defined as how people relate to nature and their physical

environment. _______ 2. The term “Politics” means scientific study of man or human beings.
________3. Theoretical perspective is used to analyse and explain objects of social study, and
facilitate organizing sociological knowledge. ________4. Anthropology always describes human,
human behaviour and human societies around the world. ________5. Beliefs refer to the state
or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing. ________6.
Cultural perspective sees social life as a competition, and focuses on the distribution of
resources, power, and inequality. ________7. Sociology is the study of human social
relationships and institutions. ________8. Sociological theory attempts to explain how the social
world operates ________9. Political Science, social science that deals with humans and their
interactions. ________10. Nature of politics refers to a theoretical foundation of contemporary
anthropology.

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ANSWER KEY

Rubric for poster making

Category 4 points 3 points 2 points 1 point

Coverage of the Topic

Details on the poster capture the important information about the topic and increase the
audience’s understanding.

Details on the poster include important information but the audience may need more
information to understand fully.

Details on the poster relate to the topic but are too general or incomplete. The audience needs
more information to understand.

Details on the poster have little or nothing to do with main topic.

Use of Graphics All graphics are related to the topic and make it easier to understand.

All graphics are related to the topic and most make it easier to understand.

All graphics relate to the topic.

Graphics do not relate to the topic.

Organization Information is very organized with clear titles and subheadings.

Information is organized with titles and subheadings.

Information is organized, but titles and subheadings are missing or do not help the reader
understand.

The information appears to be disorganized.

Layout and Design

All information on the poster is in focus and can be easily viewed and identified from 6 ft. away.

Most of the information on the poster is in focus and the content easily viewed and identified
from 6 ft. away.
Most of the information on the poster is in focus and the content is easily viewed and identified
from 4 ft. away.

Much of the information on the poster is unclear or too small.

Presentation The presentation was at the appropriate length. It did not seem hurried or too
slow. The presenter spoke clearly and distinctly and established eye contact with the audience.

The presentation was at the appropriate length but seemed slightly hurried or too slow. The
presenter spoke clearly most of the time and established eye contact with the audience.

The presentation was at the appropriate length but seemed very hurried or too slow. The
presenter spoke clearly and distinctly only some of the time and/or established little eye contact
with the audience.

The presentation was too long or too short. The presenter did not speak clearly most of the time
and established little eye contact with the audience.

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Rubric for collage making

CATEGORY 5 points 3 points 2 points 1 points

Creativity

All of the graphics or objects used in the collage reflect a degree of student creativity in their
display.

Most of the graphics or objects used in the collage reflect student creativity in their display.

Only a few graphics or objects reflect student creativity, but the ideas were typical rather than
creative.

None of the graphics or objects reflects student creativity.

Design

Graphics are cut to an appropriate size, shape and are arranged neatly. Care has been taken to
balance the pictures across the area. Items are glued neatly and securely.

1-2 graphics are lacking in design or placement. There may be a few smudges or glue marks.

3-4 graphics are lacking in design or placement. Too much background is showing. There are
noticeable smudges or glue marks.

Graphics are not an appropriate size shape. Glue marks evident. Most of the background is
showing. It appears little attention was given to designing the collage.
Number of Items

The collage includes 10 or more items, each different.

The collage includes 7 different items.

The collage includes 5 different items.

The collage contains fewer than 5 different items.

Time and Effort Much time and effort went into the planning and design of the collage.

Class time was used wisely. Student could have put in more time and effort at home.

Class time was not always used wisely, but student did do some additional work at home.

Class time was not used wisely and the student put in no additional effort.

Title and Explanation

{ON BACK OF COLLAGE}

The title is catchy and creative and related to the collage. The explanation provides insight and
meaning.

A title is provided that relates to the collage. The explanation describes the purpose of creating
the collage.

Title and explanation are incomplete and partially relate to the collage.

No title or explanation!

REFERENCES:

https://www.asanet.org/sites/default/files/savvy/introtosociology/UnitPages/UnitISocio
lPerspective.html. Accessed May 28, 2020

https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/nature-scope-political-science-464861. Accessed
May 28, 2020

Hudelson, Patricia M. “Culture and quality: an anthropological perspective” International Journal

for Quality in Health Care, Volume 16, Issue 5, October 2004, Pages 345–346,
https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzh076.
https://academic.oup.com/intqhc/article/16/5/345/1822533

www.google.com/search?ei=hVfFXuuFEuWFr7wPkLmA4&q=nature+%2C+goal+and
+perspectives+of+anthropology&oq=nature+%2C+goal+and+perspectives+of+anthropology
&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQDDoECAAQ. Accessed May 28, 2020
www.quora.com › What-are-the-differences-between-nature-and-culture

https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Exit-Slip-Ticket-Lesson-Reflection1800033.
Accessed June 5, 2020. http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/themes/culture-and-
development/the-futurewe-want-the-role-of-culture/the-two-sides-of-the-coin/. Accessed June
1, 2020

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