RUMUS MATEMATIK

MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE

Rumus-rumus berikut boleh membantu anda menjawab soalan. Simbol-simbol yang diberi
adalah yang biasa digunakan.
The following formulae may be helpful in answering the questions. The symbols given are
the ones commonly used.
PERKAITAN
RELATIONS

1 𝑎𝑚 × 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚+𝑛

2 𝑎𝑚 ÷ 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚−𝑛

3 (𝑎𝑚 )𝑛 = 𝑎𝑚×𝑛

4 Jarak / Distance
= ( x2 − x1 )2 + ( y2 − y1 )2

5 Titik tengah / Midpoint

 x1 + x 2 y1 + y 2 
(x,y)=  , 
 2 2 
jarak yang dilalui
6 Laju purata =
masa yang diambil
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛

hasil tambah nilai data

7 Min =
bilangan data
𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 =
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎

hasil tambah (nilai titik tengah kelas × kekerapan)

8 Min =
jumlah kekerapan
𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 (𝑚𝑖𝑑𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 × 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦)
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 =
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑠
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9 Teorem Pythagoras / Pythagoras Theorem

𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2

10 Kecerunan / Gradient,
𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1

11 Kecerunan,

pintasan−y
m=−
pintasan−x

Gradient,

𝑦−𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡
𝑚=−
𝑥−𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡

𝑛(𝐴)
12 Kebarangkalian suatu peristiwa / Probability of an event, 𝑃(𝐴) =
𝑛(𝑆)

13 𝑃 (𝐴′) = 1 − 𝑃(𝐴)

14 Faedah mudah / Simple interest, 𝐼 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡

𝑟 𝑛𝑡
15 Nilai matang / Maturity value, 𝑀𝑉 = 𝑃 (1 + )
𝑛

16 Jumlah bayaran balik / Total amount payable, 𝐴 = 𝑃 + 𝑃𝑟𝑡

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BENTUK DAN RUANG

SHAPES AND SPACES

1 Luas segi empat selari = tapak × tinggi

Area of parallelogram = base × height

1
2 Luas trapezium = × hasil tambah dua sisi selari × tinggi
2
1
Area of trapezium = × sum of parallel sides × height
2

1
3 Luas lelayang = × hasil darab panjang dua pepenjuru
2
1
Area of kite = × product of the length of the two diagonals
2

4 Lilitan bulatan = d = 2j

Circumference of circle = 𝑑 = 2𝑟

5 Luas bulatan = j2

Area of circle = 𝑟 2

6 panjang lengkok sudut dicangkum pada pusat

=
lilitan bulatan 360˚

𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑟𝑐 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒

=
𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 360˚

7 luas sektor sudut dicangkum pada pusat

=
luas bulatan 360˚

𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒

=
𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒 360˚

8 Luas permukaan melengkung silinder = 2jt

Curved surface area of cylinder = 2𝑟ℎ

9 Luas permukaan melengkung kon = js

Curved surface area of cone = 𝑟𝑙
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10 Luas permukaan sfera = 4j2

Surface area of sphere = 4𝑟 2

11 Isi padu prisma tegak = luas keratan rentas × panjang

Volume of right prism = cross sectional area × length

12 Isi padu silinder = j2 t

Volume of cylinder = 𝑟 2ℎ

1
13 Isi padu kon = j2 t
3
1
Volume of cone = 𝑟 2 ℎ
3

4
14 Isi padu sfera = j3
3
4
Volume of sphere = 𝑟 3
3

1
15 Isi padu piramid tegak = × luas tapak × tinggi
3
1
Volume of right pyramid = × base area × height
3

16 Hasil tambah sudut pedalaman poligon = (n − 2) × 180˚

Sum of interior angles of a polygon = (𝑛 − 2) × 180˚