January 18, 2011

Topic 9: Lines, Shapes and Angles (2D Geometry)

Important Terms:

Point: A definite location in space.

Line: A series of points that goes forever in both directions.
Plane: an infinitely large 2 dimensional (flat) surface.

Points and lines "rest" on a plane. A solid shape, like a

cube has multiple planes. Each face of the cube is its own
plane.
 January 18, 2011

Topic 9: Lines, Shapes and Angles (2D Geometry)

Important Terms: Digging Deeper with Lines

Line Segment: Part of a line, has endpoints

Ray: Part of a line that has one endpoint, other end

continues forever in one direction.

Angle: 2 rays or line segments that meet at a common

point.
 January 18, 2011

Topic 9: Lines, Shapes and Angles (2D Geometry)

Important Terms: Digging Deeper with Lines

Parallel Lines: 2 lines that never intersect

Intersecting Lines: 2 lines that cross paths

Perpendicular lines: 2 lines that intersect at a right angle (90º)

Square Symbol is frequently used to show a right angle

Note: The terms parallel, intersecting and perpendicular can

be used with rays and line segments.
 January 18, 2011

Topic 9: Lines, Shapes and Angles (2D Geometry)

Important Terms: Digging Deeper with Angles

Acute Angle: An angle that measures less than 90º

(0º < Acute Angle < 90º)

Right Angle: An angle that measures exactly 90º

(Think corner of a square)

Obtuse Angle: An angle that is greater than 90º

(90º < Obtuse Angle < 180º)
 January 18, 2011

Topic 9: Lines, Shapes and Angles (2D Geometry)

Important Terms: Creating Shapes with Angles and Line Segments
Polygon: A closed figure (shape) that only has line segments for
sides.
Polygons Not Polygons

Triangle: A 3-sided polygon

Quadrilateral: a 4-sided polygon

Pentagon: a 5-sided polygon

Hexagon: a 6-sided polygon

Octagon: an 8-sided polygon

 January 18, 2011

Topic 9: Lines, Shapes and Angles (2D Geometry)

Focus on Triangles:
Triangles are named by their angle types and side lengths

Angle Naming Side Naming

 January 18, 2011

Topic 9: Lines, Shapes and Angles (2D Geometry)

Focus on Triangles:
Triangles are named by their angle types and side lengths

The best way to name a triangle is with both the angle name and side
name:

Acute Isosceles Obtuse Scalene Right Isoceles

all acute angles 1 obtuse angle 1 right angle
2 equal sides 0 equal sides 2 equal sides

Special Case!

An Equilateral Triangle is a triangle with 3 equal sides. You don't need to

call it an "Acute Equliateral", it's just an Equilateral.
 January 18, 2011

Topic 9: Lines, Shapes and Angles (2D Geometry)

Focus on Quadrilaterals
Quadrilaterals are 4-sided polygons
Quadrilaterals are classified or named by how their sides relate to each other.
We need to use the most specific name.
 January 18, 2011

Topic 9: Lines, Shapes and Angles (2D Geometry)

Focus on Quadrilaterals

The sequence below might help to show why when we name a quadrilateral we need to
use the most specific name.

yes

yes

yes

yes

YES! .... and the most specific name

 January 18, 2011

Topic 9: Lines, Shapes and Angles (2D Geometry)

One last thing to remember. Really knowing what all the

terms on the previous pages are only part of what we need
to be able to do as learners.

So, while it is important that we know what a line segment is

or what a trapezoid is, we will also be working a great deal
on how to apply the knowledge of these geometrical terms.