Lesson 3 – Ratio (Part I)

Example 1
Given that 10 : 24 = 35 : , what is the missing number in the box?

Solution
10 : 24
Find the ÷2 ÷2
HCF of 10 5 : 12
and 35. ×7 ×7
35 : 84

Answer: 84

Practice 1
What is the missing number in the box?
a) 12 : 21 = 20 : b) : 9 = 16 : 12

c) 10 : = 25 : 45 d) 4 : 7 = : 28

Practice 2
Jane and Mary shared some stickers in the ratio of 5 : 9.
Mary has 20 stickers more than Jane.
How many stickers did they have altogether?

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 Example 3
1 4
of a rectangle and of a square is shaded.
5 9
Find the ratio of the shaded area to the total area of the figure.

Practice 3
1 2
of a circle and of a triangle is shaded.
6 7

What is the ratio of the shaded area to the total area of the figure?

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 Example 4
The ratio of Kate’s to Harry’s height is 3 : 4 .
The ratio of Harry’s to William’s height is 6 : 7.
Express William’s to Kate’s height in ratio form.

Practice 4
The ratio of Amy’s to Beatrice’s height is 2 : 3. The ratio of Beatrice’s to Carmen’s height is
5 : 6. If Carmen is 64 cm taller than Amy, how tall, in cm, is Beatrice?

Bonus
Alan, Ben and Chad took part in a 100-metre race. When Alan crossed the finish line,
Ben was 10 m behind him. When Ben crossed the finishing line, Chad was
10 m behind him. How far behind the finish line was Chad when Alan crossed it?

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 Example 5
The ratio of beads in Container A to Container B is 4 : 3. The ratio of red to green beads in
Container A is 3 : 5. The ratio of red to green beads in Container B is 5 : 4. If there are 14
more green beads in Container A than in Container B, how many beads are there altogether?

Practice 5
Baskets P and Q contains balls in the ratio 3 : 2. The ratio of tennis balls to golf balls in
Basket P is 1 : 5. The ratio of tennis balls to golf balls in Basket Q is 2 : 1. If there are 33
more golf balls in Basket P than in Basket Q, how many balls are there in Basket P?

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 Example 6
The tickets to Gardens by the Bay were sold at $20, $30 and $50 respectively. The number
1
of $20 tickets sold was of the total number of tickets sold. The ratio of the number of
5
$50 tickets sold to the number of $30 tickets sold was 3 : 2. Given that the amount collected
from the $50 tickets was $1500 more than the amount collected from the $20 tickets, find
the total amount of money collected from the sale of the tickets.

Solution
Tickets: $20 : $30 + $50 Tickets: $50 : $30 : Total
1 : 4 3 : 2 : 5
×5 ×5 ×4 ×4 ×?

5 : 20 12 : 8 : 20

Number Value($) Total Value($)

$20 tickets 5 units 20 5 units × 20 = 100 units
$30 tickets 8 units 30 8 units × 30 = 240 units
$50 tickets 12 units 50 12 units × 50 = 600 units

Difference in amount collected from $50-tickets and $20-tickets = $1500

(600 – 100) units = $1500
500 units = $1500
1 unit = $3

Total : (100 + 240 + 600) units = 940 units

940 units = 940 × 3
= $2820

The total amount of money collected from the sale of the tickets was $2820.

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 Practice 6
1
May spent a total of $69 on some stationary. of them were rulers that cost 90¢ each.
4
1
The number of pens was 6 more than the number of stationary and the rest were erasers.
2
If a pen costs $2.20 each and an eraser costs 70¢ each, how many pens did May buy?

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