LTE Policy & Charging Control

• Introduction
• PCC Rules
• PCC Procedures
• Traffic shaping
• EPS Entity
Introduction

Policy &
Charging
Control

Policy shapes
QoS
Charging
controls rating
How Policy & Charging Works
• When an EPS session is established or modified, PCRF determines a
PCC rule for each Service Data Flow (SDF) based on the operator’s
policy (e.g. QoS policy, gate status, charging methods, etc.).
• PCEF (P-GW) detects an SDF, and applies a PCC rule that is specific to
the particular SDF to the user packets in it. It also binds the SDF QoS
and bearer QoS, and applies the bearer QoS to the EPS bearer(s). That
is, EPS bearer contexts are set or modified at EPS entities (UE, eNB, S-
GW, P-GW, and MME
SDF & EPS Bearers
QoS Parameters
• SDF QoS Parameters
• QCI
• ARP
• GBR
• MBR
• EPS Bearer QoS Parameters
• QCI
• ARP
• GBR
• MBR
• APN-AMBR
• UE-AMBR
PCC Rules
• PCRF determines a PCC rule for each SDF, and forwards them to PCEF
(P-GW) over the Gx interface. P-GW then has the forwarded PCC rules
enforced for each SDF.
• After enforcing the PCC rules, when IP packets arrive, it detects SDFs
that each packet belongs to, and applies a PCC rule to each packet
according to their SDF.
 Type: Dynamic PCC rules or pre-
Purpose: Apply to:
defined PCC rules. Dynamic PCC rules
The purpose of the Different SDFs. PCEF
are dynamically provisioned by PCRF
PCC rule is to (P-GW) classifies IP
to P-GW when an EPS session is
detect a packet packets by matching
established or modified. Pre-defined
belonging to a SDF, them against the
ones are preconfigured in P-GW, and
identify the service packet filters (SDF
thus can be activated or deactivated
the SDF contributes templates), and the
by PCRF.
to, provide matching PCC rules
applicable charging are applied to the
Elements: A PCC rule consists of a
parameters for the packets.
policy rule name, service ID, SDF
SDF, and provide
template, gate status, QoS
policy control for
parameters, charging parameters
the SDF.
etc.,2 and varies depending on the
operator’s policy.
Predefined/Static PCC Rules
Predefined PCC Rules
Dynamic PCC Rules
• Dynamic PCC rules are used whenever there is an event. PCC rule is
configured in P-GW when a user uses Internet and voice services. The
figure assumes the followings, and shows all the dynamic PCC rules to be
covered in this document.
• Operator policy – Internet services are accessible to the extent allowed by
the network resources, and the data rates of voice services are guaranteed.

• APN – Internet and voice services are accessed through different APNs, e.g.
Internet and IMS, respectively.

• PCC rule name – Internet service: “Internet”, voice service: “Voice-C” (SIP
signaling)/”Voice-U” (voice packet)
Dynamic PCC Rule Process
• Every time an EPS session is established or modified, PCRF dynamically
determines a PCC rule including the rule name (e.g. “Internet”, “Voice-C”
or “Voice-U”) and the policy parameters specific to the particular rule
depending on the service type selected. Next, it provisions them to P-GW
through the Gx interface. Then the P-GW enforces the received policy
parameters to IP packets after mapping them to bearer QoS parameters.
• Once a user accesses the Internet and IMS network through initial attach
procedure, the user’s default bearers are kept connected unless he is
detached from the LTE network. So, basically, “Internet” and “Voice-C”
rules are kept active in the P-GW. On the other hand, a dedicated bearer on
IMS APN is established upon detection of a voice call, and terminated as
soon as the call ends.
PCC Voice Session & Default Bearer
Establishment
Implementing Static PCC
• QoS Parameters
• Resource Type:
• GBR
• Non GBR
• QCI: QoS Class Identifier (Packaged QoS)
• 1-9
• Allocation & Retention Priority: 1-15
QoS Class Identifier
Charging Parameters
• Rules: We have Service-Category-Group :
• Category-group : name, charge-proporty
• Inside Charge-property: cbb-id: name, charge-method
(online/offline), rg , metering volume
Implementation Steps
a .QoS Service property : Set
GBR UL/DL: 2048
ARP: 1
QCI : 1 : (Packet delay budget : 100ms) VoIP: upto 150ms

b. Rule group
-filter : any traffic or we can specify their endpoint
-filter-group : bind filter
-rule: rule-name, filter-group name, qos-service-property name, service-category-group (charging group)

c. Create net User profile

-rule-binding rule-name

d. Create User Profile Group

-user-profile-group name, user-profile-name

e. APN Configuration
-pcc-switch enable
-user-profile-group binding
1. QOS Service Property
qos-service-property voipqos qci 1 arp 1 pre-emption-capability disable pre-emption-vulnerability
enable gbruplk 2048 gbrdnlk 2048 mbruplk 2048 mbrdnlk 2048
2. Filter
filter f_voip_qos l34-protocol any server-ip x.x.x.x x server-port xx
3. Filter Group
filter-group f_voip_group filter f_voip_qos
4. Creat Rule
rule rule_voip filter-group f_voip_group service-category-group voipqos
5. Creatue user profile
user-profile voip
rule-binding rule_voip
6. Create APN e.g. peter.com
pcc-switch enable
user-profile-group-binding voip