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06.12.

2019

DESIGN FOR POST-


INSTALLED REBAR
WSP Singapore Pte Ltd

Alan Tan
Lead Specification Engineer

4 Dec 2019

AGENDA

1. Intro to HILTI

2. Why are we here?

3. Code and Regulation for Fastening


4. Approval - Product Selection

5. Design - Key Difference Between Anchor and Rebar


6. Services – Execution, Installation, Inspection, Testing

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

INTERNATIONAL ENTERPRISE
Creation
In 1941 in Schaan, Liechtenstein

Family business
All shares are held by Martin Hilti Family Trust

Know-how
Leader in the design, manufacture and marketing of
products for building professionals

Global reach
Established in more that 120 countries

International team
More than 24 000 employees worldwide

Unique model
Direct sales

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

A GLOBAL PRODUCTION NETWORK

Diamond B
Consumables Plant Shanghai
Intelligent Construction Tools Tools
Geosystems (JV Trimble) R&D
Plant Zhanjiang
Consumables Panasonic (JV)
Cordless drivers

Plant Matamoros Racing Point (JV)


Consumables Consumables

Plant Schaan Plant Kaufering Plant Thüringen Plant Kecskemét


Tools Consumables Tools Consumables
Consumables Plant Strass Consumables Hilti Manufacturing Hilti Mining Engineering
Technical centre Tools Eurofox India Hilti Tendon Technologies
R&D Consumables Façade fastening systems Consumables (JV Westlakes Mining)
Hilti Development
Corporation
R&D
Hillos GmbH
Laser measuring systems
(JV Jenoptik)

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

PRESENT ON DIVERSIFIED MARKET SEGMENTS

Building Civil Steel & Interior Mechanical


Construction Engineering Metal Finishing Installation

Energy & Industry

Electrical Diamond Natural Solar Energy


Installation Contractors Resources

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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SOLUTIONS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY


Drilling & Cutting, Fastening and Firestop & fire
Engineering Measuring demolation sawing installation protection, Services
grinding chemicals

• Design • Telemetry • Hammer drills, • Cutting & • Direct fastening • Foams • Professional trainings
hammers, breakers grinding
• Specifications • Leveling and • Diamond drilling & • Diamond • Screw fastening • Firestop • Onsite test
alignment sawing coring & solutions
sawing
• Technical advice • Detection • Installation • Logistic
• Anchor systems • Finance & administration
• Engineering services
• Tool services

Software Software

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

HILTI SERVICES EASING YOUR DAILY WORK


By telephone/internet At your office On the jobsite

Consulting
Technical documentation General technical support sessions On site support On-site test

Kitting, cutting,
Typical details Engineering judgement Trainings Trainings
pre-assembly

Saving your time & effort and Giving you integrated Reducing installation time, overall cost
ensuring proper documentation business partner and project risks
Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

AGENDA

1. Intro to HILTI
2. Why are we here?
3. Code and Regulation for Fastening
4. Approval - Product Selection

5. Design - Key Difference Between Anchor and Rebar

6. Services – Execution, Installation, Inspection, Testing

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

LIKE IN OTHER FIELDS OF LIFE, COMMON BAD PRACTICE


EXAMPLES ARE FOUND IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

NOT understanding NOT using NOT choosing the best NOT complying with
requirements the best tool solution rules and guidelines

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

BUT PROFESSIONAL DECISIONS DO NOT ALLOW DOUBTS


OR MISTAKES, CONSEQUENCES CAN BE VERY SERIOUS

RISK
OF LIFE

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

FATAL ACCIDENT 1 : NICHOLL HIGHWAY TEMPORARY


RETAINING WALL COLLAPSE (2004)

Background
A tunnel being constructed for use by MRT project
collapsed due to the supporting structure for the deep
excavation work failed.

Causes
• Under-designed of the supporting structure. Steel
struts supporting the excavation's diaphragm walls
failed to support the loading.
• Lack of on-site supervision.

Consequnces
• Four people died.
• Main contractor fined $121,400.
• Project delayed.

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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FATAL ACCIDENT 2 : DOWNTOWN LINE BUGIS MRT STATION


SCAFFOLDING COLLAPSE (2012)

Background
Workers were casting concrete into the formwork when
the scaffolding collapsed. The accident happened more
than 12m deep underground.

Causes
• Subcon failed to ensure the formwork inspected and
certified by PE before concrete casting.
• The erection of scaffolding was not according to the
PE design.

Consequnces
• 2 workers were buried in concrete and died.
• Subcon fined $100,000.
• Project delayed.

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

FATAL ACCIDENT 3 : PIE VIADUCT COLLAPSE (2017)

Background
An investigation found that the permanent structures
used in the viaduct's construction were so inadequate
that they could have collapsed under the weight of a full
traffic load and cause a large number of casualties.

Causes
• Engineers failed to check the design assumptions
made for the corbels, which are support structures,
between affected vertical columns that collapsed.

Consequnces
• 11 workers fell to the ground from a height of at least
9m.
• Main Con still in trial, AC jailed, Subcontractor QP
jailed and fined

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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TODAY WE WILL LEARN ABOUT DIFFERENT SOLUTIONS AND


GUIDELINES FOR FASTENING DESIGN

Understand Chose the Design them Save time &


requirements adequate correctly resources
solutions

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

THE 4 PILLARS OF FASTENING


4 KEY PILLARS

Codes Approvals Design Service

• Understanding of the • Min. requirement for • Design calculation in • Installed, supervised,


European Regulatory anchor to have an ETA accordance to ETAG 001 inspected (and, if needed,
Framework and local Approval, also with the Annex C (or forthcoming tested) by appropriately
regulations/codes of post right coverage (e.g Eurocode 2 Part 4) for PIA or qualified person
installed rebar and cracked base materials, EC2-1 for PIR
anchoring redundant fastening, fire,
etc
Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

AGENDA

1. Intro to HILTI
2. Why are we here?
3. Code and Regulation for Fastening
4. Approval - Product Selection

5. Design - Key Difference Between Anchor and Rebar

6. Services – Execution, Installation, Inspection, Testing

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

THE 4 PILLARS OF FASTENING

4 KEY PILLARS

Codes Approvals Design Service

• Understanding of the • Min. requirement for • Design calculation in • Installed, supervised,


European Regulatory anchor to have an ETA accordance to ETAG 001 inspected (and, if needed,
Framework and local Approval, also with the Annex C (or forthcoming tested) by appropriately
regulations/codes of post right coverage (e.g Eurocode 2 Part 4) for PIA or qualified person
installed rebar and cracked base materials, EC2-1 for PIR
anchoring redundant fastening, fire,
etc
Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

EUROPEAN REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR POST-


INSTALLED REBAR

“Rebar theory” “Anchor theory”


“Design of rebar as a rebar” “Design of rebar as an anchor”

Static Fire Seismic Static Fire Seismic

Product EAD 330499 TR 049


EAD
Qualification

CSTB regional CSTB/DIBt


Technical data ETA ETA ETA
approval regional approval

TR 029 TR 045
Design method EC2 EC2 based Local regulations
(EN 1992-4) (EN 1992-4)

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

AGENDA

1. Intro to HILTI
2. Why are we here?
3. Code and Regulation for Fastening
4. Approval - Product Selection

5. Design - Key Difference Between Anchor and Rebar

6. Services – Execution, Installation, Inspection, Testing

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

THE 4 PILLARS OF FASTENING

4 KEY PILLARS

Codes Approvals Design Service

• Understanding of the • Min. requirement for • Design calculation in • Installed, supervised,


European Regulatory anchor to have an ETA accordance to ETAG 001 inspected (and, if needed,
Framework and local Approval, also with the Annex C (or forthcoming tested) by appropriately
regulations/codes of post right coverage (e.g Eurocode 2 Part 4) for PIA or qualified person
installed rebar and cracked base materials, EC2-1 for PIR
anchoring redundant fastening, fire,
etc
Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

OK, I KNOW WHAT I WANT, BUT


HOW TO KNOW IF A PARTICULAR
PRODUCT MEETING ALL THE
CRITERIA?

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

SAMPLE OF DIFFERENT ETA FOR THE SAME PRODUCT

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

AGENDA

1. Intro to HILTI

2. Why are we here?

3. Code and Regulation for Fastening


4. Approval - Product Selection

5. Design - Key Difference Between Anchor and Rebar


6. Services – Execution, Installation, Inspection, Testing

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

16
06.12.2019

THE 4 PILLARS OF FASTENING

4 KEY PILLARS

Codes Approvals Design Service

• Understanding of the • Min. requirement for • Design calculation in • Installed, supervised,


European Regulatory anchor to have an ETA accordance to ETAG 001 inspected (and, if needed,
Framework and local Approval, also with the Annex C (or forthcoming tested) by appropriately
regulations/codes of post right coverage (e.g Eurocode 2 Part 4) for PIA or qualified person
installed rebar and cracked base materials, EC2-1 for PIR
anchoring redundant fastening, fire,
etc
Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

REBAR APPLICATIONS VS. ANCHOR APPLICATIONS

New concrete Rebar Anchor

Post-installed rebar
Steel plate

HIT-RE500 V3 HIT-RE 500 V3

Concrete
Old concrete

Anchor

Existing
reinforcement

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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REBAR THEORY VS. ANCHOR THEORY: MAIN DIFFERENCES

“Rebar theory” “Anchor theory”


Post-installed rebar Bonded anchor

Load on the bar Tension (roughness of joint critical for the Tension, shear, combination of both
shear transfer)
Load transfer mechanism Equilibrium with local Utilization of concrete
or global concrete struts tensile strength
Failure modes Steel yielding, pull out, splitting Steel failure, concrete cone failure, pull out,
splitting
Design steps 1. Calculation of steel reinforcement 1. Calculation of all characteristic capacities
2. Calculation of required anchorage length 2. Determination of minimum capacity
controlling failure anchorage
‘‘Result of theory application’’ Anchorage length (lbd) Capacity of the anchor (NRk)

Minimum concrete cover According to EC2 According to ETA


(min (spacing; edge distance))
Allowable anchorage length lb,min ≥ max(0.3lbrqd,fyd; 10ϕ; 100mm) 4ϕ ≤ lb,min ≤ 20ϕ

Concrete Status of concrete cracked/uncracked is not Status of concrete, cracked/uncracked, is


directly considered in the design. Concrete is directly considered in the design.
usually considered uncracked.

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

THE PUBLICATION OF EC2-4 IS ALONG WITH THE


QUALIFICATION CODE STRUCTURE CHANGE (EAD)
Current system Transition period New system

Design Structure Structure


EN1992 EN1992
Qualification
EN1992-4: Anchor fastening

Anchor Anchor
ETAG Annex C
EAD-AM
ETAG001 Part1~6, EAD
Annex E, TR023…etc.
ETAG EAD-AC
EAD-Fatigue
Already used as “EAD” but New version EAD refers to
EAD-Fire…etc.
refers to ETAG Annex C EN1992-4

12.2016 ???
EAD (refers to EN1992-4 available), but EN1992-4 is not published;
not clear how will the new approvals in the period look like.

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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TR 023 INCLUDES METHODS AND CRITERIA TO ASSESS


MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF POST-INSTALLED (P.I.) REBAR
V

M
N

Overlap joint for rebar connections Overlap joint at a foundation of a


of slabs and beams column or wall

End anchoring of slabs or beams Components stressed primarily in


(simply supported) compression

TR023 LIMITS P.I. REBAR TO APPLICATIONS WHERE


CONCRETE CONE CANNOT OCCUR

The compressive strut prevents the concrete cone failure


mode

38

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BASED ON TR 023 POST-INSTALLED REBAR PERFORMS AT


LEAST EQUAL TO CAST-IN

Cast-in rebars Post-installed rebars

concrete
mortar

rebar
rebar

concrete

Load is transferred by mechanical interlock provided by the At the mortar-concrete interface load is transferred by
ribs. The mechanical interlock leads to compression struts adhesion and micro-interlock due to roughness of the
which lead to rotational tensile stresses perpendicular to drilled hole surface. The stiffness of the mortar is
the loading direction. responsible for the crack surface of the pull-out.

39

DESIGN PROCESS OF POST-INSTALLED REBAR

1 2 3 4

Calculation of amount
Calculation of load Calculation of force per Calculation of the
of reinforcement
acting on the structure bar anchorage length
required

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THE ANCHORAGE LENGTH IS REQUIRED TO DEVELOP THE


STEEL STRESS AVOIDING CRACKING

Tension in the Bond strength:


Nrd = σsd·π·ϕ²/4 rebar: σsd fbd
External action

Fbd = fbd·π·lbd·ϕ lbd


The rebar is
anchored in Anchorage force
the concrete
where it is not
needed
anymore!

Equilibrium: Nrd = Fbd

41

THE BOND STRENGTH, FBD, IS AVAILABLE IN THE APPROVAL


AND IT IS LIMITED TO THE FBD OF CAST-IN
Fbd = fbd·π·Φ·lbd

Cast-in rebars Post-installed rebars

fbd,EC2 = 2.25 η1 η2 fctd


Values of fbd are
η1 = coefficient related to the quality of the bond conditions reported in the rebar
and the position of the rebar during concreting approval related to the
specific product.

η2 = coefficient related to the bar diameter

fctd = design value of concrete tensile strength

(EC2:EN1992-1-1:2004 (8.4.2))

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Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

THE ANCHORAGE LENGTH IS FUNCTION OF REQUIRED


ANCHORAGE LENGTH AND FACTORS a1

Fbd = fbd·π·Φ·lbd lbd = α1 α2 α3 α4 α5 lb,rqd ≥ lb,min

Cast-in rebars Post-installed rebars

Bent or hooked bars Straight bars

α1 = 1
α1 = 0.7

(EC2:EN1992-1-1:2004 (8.4.4)

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a2 TAKES INTO ACCOUNT THE MINIMUM CONCRETE COVER


cd

Cast in rebars Post-installed rebars

Bent or hooked bars Straight bars

a
a
c1 c1
c

cd = min (a/2, c1) cd = min (a/2, c1, c)

0.7 ≤ α2 ≤ 1
0.7 ≤ α2 ≤ 1
(EC2:EN1992-1-1:2004 (8.4.4)

45

a3 TAKES INTO ACCOUNT THE EFFECT OF CONFINEMENT


BY TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT

Cast in rebars Post-installed rebars

No confinement by transverse
reinforcement can be taken into account

α3 = 1

0.7 ≤ α3 ≤ 1

(EC2:EN1992-1-1:2004 (8.4.4)

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a4 TAKES INTO ACCOUNT THE CONFINEMENT BY WELDED


TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENT

Cast in rebars Post-installed rebars

Welded transverse reinforcemnt


is not feasible
α4 = 1

α4 = 1

(EC2:EN1992-1-1:2004 (8.4.4)

47

a5 TAKES INTO ACCOUNT THE CONFINEMENT BY


TRANSVERSE PRESSURE

Cast in rebars Post-installed rebars

Effect of confinement by Effect of confinement by


transverse pressure where p transverse pressure where p
(transverse pressure) has to be (transverse pressure) has to
guaranteed at ultimate limit state be guaranteed at ultimate limit
along lbd state along lbd

0.7 ≤ α5 ≤ 1 0.7 ≤ α5 ≤ 1

(EC2:EN1992-1-1:2004 (8.4.4)

48

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THE PRODUCT OF a2 a3 a5 IS LIMITED

Cast in rebars Post-installed rebars

α2 α3 α5 ≤ 0.7
α2 α3 α5 ≤ 0.7

• α2 takes into account the minimum concrete cover


• α3 takes into account the effect of confinement by transverse
reinforcement
• α5 takes into account the confinement by transvers pressure

(EC2:EN1992-1-1:2004 (8.4.4))

49

THE REQUIRED ANCHORAGE LENGTH IS FUNCTION OF


STRESS, OF DIAMETER AND OF BOND STRENGTH
lbd = α1 α2 α3 α4 α5 lb,rqd ≥ lb,min

Cast in rebars Post-installed rebars

lb,rqd = (ϕ/4)(σsd/fbd) lb,rqd = (ϕ/4)(σsd/fbd)

• σsd = the design stress of the rebar at • σsd = the design stress of the rebar at
the position from where the anchorage the position from where the anchorage
is measured fbd = the bond strength of is measured fbd = the bond strength of
cast-in rebars post-installed rebars
• ϕ = rebar diameter • ϕ = diameter

(EC2:EN1992-1-1:2004 (8.4.3)

50

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THE DESIGN ANCHORAGE LENGTH MUST BE LONGER THAN


THE MINIMUM ANCHORAGE LENGTH ACC. TO EC2

lbd = α1 α2 α3 α4 α5 lb,rqd ≥ lb,min

Cast in rebars Post-installed rebars

lb,min=max(0.3lbrqd,fyd;10ϕ;100mm)  lb,min=max(0.3lbrqd,fyd;10ϕ;100mm) 
end bars end bars

In most of the cases the minimum


anchorage length must be amplified by a
factor of 1.5 when the diamond core drilling
is used.

(EC2:EN1992-1-1:2004 (8.4.4)

51

QUIZ : FIND “X”

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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QUIZ : FIND “X”

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

WHAT ABOUT MOMENT


CONNECTION?

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

WHAT IS HIT REBAR DESIGN METHOD?

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 55

CONTENTS

• 1.0 Use an higher bond strength

• 2.0 Moment resisting node


• 3.0 When the HIT Rebar Design Method does not provide benefits

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 56

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CONTENTS

• 1.0 Use an higher bond strength


• 2.0 Moment resisting node

• 3.0 When the HIT Rebar Design Method does not provide benefits

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 57

TR023 LIMITS THE DESIGN BOND STRENGTH OF POST-


INSTALLED REBARS TO THAT OF CAST-IN REBARS

Splitting domain Pull-out domain


Bond strength, fbd,EC2 [N/mm²]

Effective limit on bond for EC2

0 2 4 6 8 10 12
cd/ϕ [-]

fbd,EC2 = fbd/α2 [EC2:EN1992-1-1:2004]

HIT Rebar Design Method 58

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…BUT WE KNOW THAT HILTI MORTAR HAS A HIGHER BOND


STRENGTH WITH INCREASING CONCRETE COVER

Post-installed rebar with


large concrete cover

Cast-in rebar with large


concrete cover
Bond strength [N/mm2]

Post-installed rebar with Cast-in rebar with small


small concrete cover concrete cover

Displacement [mm]

HIT Rebar Design Method 59

HILTI’S HIT-RE 500 V3 AND HIT-HY 200 PERFORM BETTER


THAN CAST-IN

Tests have shown that for HIT-HY 200 and for


HIT-RE 500 V3 the bond strength is much
higher than cast-in.

HIT Rebar Design Method 60

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HILTI DEVELOPED THE HIT REBAR DESIGN METHOD (HRM)


TO USE THE HIGHER BOND STRENGTH OF HILTI’S MORTARS

Extension for post-installed rebars with large concrete


cover (product dependent) limited by the bond strength
of adhesive. Based on Hilti own testing. Pull out bond strength
Bond strength, fbd,EC2 fbd,Hilti [N/mm²]

based on bond strength from anchor approval


(product dependent)*

Effective limit on bond for EC2


Approval

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
cd/ϕ [-]
fbd,EC2 = fbd/α2 1 *: bond strength for cracked concrete: cracks parallel to the rebar; bond strength for uncracked
α2’=
1 +δ·cd−3ϕ concrete: cracks perpendicular to the rebar
fbd,Hilti = fbd/α’2 0.7 ϕ

HIT Rebar Design Method 61

HIT REBAR DESIGN METHOD (HRM): REDUCTION OF THE


ANCHORAGE LENGTH FOR CD/Φ >3
Anchorage length, lbd,EC2 lbd,HRM [mm]

Pull out acc. to EC2 (HIT-RE 500, C20/C25 and ϕ=20mm)

Effective limit on bond for EC2

Extension for post-installed rebars with large concrete


cover (product dependent) limited by the bond strength of
adhesive. Based on Hilti own testing.

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
cd/ϕ [-]

lbd,EC2=(ϕ/4)(fyd/fbd,EC2)
lbd,HRM=(ϕ/4)(fyd/fbd,Hilti)

HIT Rebar Design Method 62

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06.12.2019

DESIGN A POST-INSTALLED REBAR ACCORDING TO HIT


REBAR DESIGN METHOD FOLLOWING THE EC2 DESIGN

EC2 restricts the use of bond strength to


that of cast-in.

HIT Rebar Method through Hilti’s extensive in-house research provided benefit
for cd/ϕ > 3
It allows higher bond strength thus reducing embedment depths

HIT Rebar Design Method 63


Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

THE RESULTS ARE PUBLISHED IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS


AND CONFERENCES

Kunz, J., Münger, F., : Splitting and bond failure of post-installed


rebar splices and anchorings. International conference on
Bond in concrete – from research to standards, Januar 2002

Randl, N., Kunz, J., : Post-installed reinforcement connections at


ultimate and serviceability limit states. Technical paper, DOI:
10.1002 / suco.201300094, Januar 2002

Randl, N., Kunz, J., : Concrete splitting for Rebars Post-Installed


with High Bond Adhesives

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 64

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CONTENTS

• 1.0 Use an higher bond strength


• 2.0 Moment resisting node

• 3.0 When the HIT Rebar Design Method does not provide benefits

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 65

TR023 LIMITS THE APPLICATIONS TO CASES WHERE THE


CONCRETE CONE FAILURE IS PREVENTED
V

M
N

Overlap joint for rebar connections Overlap joint at a foundation of a Anchoring of reinforcement to
of slabs and beams column or wall cover the line of acting tensile
force

End anchoring of slabs or beams Components stressed primarily in Components subjected to


(simply supported) compression bending moment

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 66

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AN EXTENSIVE EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS


IS THE BASE OF THE STRUT AND TIE MODEL
Tests Finite Element Analysis Strut and tie model

30° ≤ θ ≤ 60°

Only the main struts are shown

The force flow in the frame node The strut and tie model is developed for straight bars
(Hilti research with Technical University of Munich and the American (Hilti research), showing that this application can also
University of Beirut ). be designed according to EC2 approach.

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 67

TOGETHER WITH TU MUNICH, HILTI HAS DEVELOPED


FRAME NODE (STRUT AND TIE) FOR STRAIGHT BARS
N1
M1
V1
N1

M1
2
V1
C

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 68

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06.12.2019

TOGETHER WITH TU MUNICH, HILTI HAS DEVELOPED


FRAME NODE (STRUT AND TIE) FOR STRAIGHT BARS
N1
M1
V1
N1
M1
2
V1
C

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 69

TOGETHER WITH TU MUNICH, HILTI HAS DEVELOPED


FRAME NODE (STRUT AND TIE) FOR STRAIGHT BARS
N1
M1
V1
N1

M1
2
V1
C

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 70

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06.12.2019

TOGETHER WITH TU MUNICH, HILTI HAS DEVELOPED


FRAME NODE (STRUT AND TIE) FOR STRAIGHT BARS
N1
M1
V1
N1
M1
2
V1
C

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 71

THE RESULTS ARE PUBLISHED IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS


AND CONFERENCES

Kupfer, H., Münger, F., Kunz, J.,


Jähring, A. : Nachträglich
verankerte gerade
Bewehrungsstäbe bei
Rahmenknoten. Bauingenieur,
Kunz, J., Münger, F., : Bonded-in
Band 78, Januar 2003
reinforcement for frame node
connections. International
conference on Bond in concrete
– from research to standards,
Januar 2002

Hamad, B.S., Al-Hammoud, R.,


Kunz, J.: Evaluation of Bond
Strength of Bonded-In or Post-
Installed Reinforcement. ACI
Structural Journal, V. 103, No. 2,
March–April 2006.

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 72

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06.12.2019

CONTENTS

• 1.0 Use an higher bond strength


• 2.0 Moment resisting node

• 3.0 When the HIT Rebar Design Method does not provide benefits

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019


HIT Rebar Design Method 73

OVERLAPPING APPLICATIONS

Slab extension Beam extension

HIT Rebar Design Method 74

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06.12.2019

IN OVERLAP SPLICES THE LOAD IS TRANSFERRED FROM


BARS TO BARS BY MEANS OF CONCRETE STRUTS

lbd

The load transfer between bars is


performed by means of
compressive struts in the
concrete. The resulting
perpendicular forces act as
splitting forces. The splitting
forces are taken up by the
transverse reinforcement.

In case of splices, stiffness is key. If two rebars with a similar stiffness are spliced, the steel stress values are
nearly identical for both bars.
On contrary if the mortar has a stiffness much higher than concrete, the steel stress distribution is unequal
along the splice length and large cracks can be developed.

HIT Rebar Design Method 75

WHY CANNOT THE ANCHORAGE LENGTH BE FURTHER


REDUCED IN SPLICE APPLICATIONS?

HIT Rebar Design Method 76

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06.12.2019

WHY CANNOT THE ANCHORAGE LENGTH BE FURTHER


REDUCED IN SPLICE
Proper design

Cast-in rebars
F

Post-installed rebars
lbd

Improper design

Cast-in rebars
F

Post-installed rebars
lbd

HIT Rebar Design Method 77

WHY CANNOT THE ANCHORAGE LENGTH BE FURTHER


REDUCED IN SPLICE
Proper design

Cast-in rebars
F

Post-installed rebars
lbd

Improper design
Cast-in rebar
Cast-in rebars breaks out for
pull out!
F

Post-installed rebars
lbd

HIT Rebar Design Method 78

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ON-SITE CONFINED PULL-OUT


TEST TO PROVE STEEL YIELD?

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06.12.2019

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

USE HILTI PROFIS SOFTWARE IN ORDER TO FIND


SOLUTIONS FOR BOTH COMPLEX AND EASY PROBLEMS...

Design post-installed rebar


connections according to
EC2/TR023 or HRM using
the Profis Rebar Software

EC2 or HIT
Rebar
design
Method

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019 83

AGENDA

1. Intro to HILTI

2. Why are we here?

3. Code and Regulation for Fastening


4. Approval - Product Selection

5. Design - Key Difference Between Anchor and Rebar


6. Services – Execution, Installation, Inspection, Testing

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

THE 4 PILLARS OF FASTENING

4 KEY PILLARS

Codes Approvals Design Service

• Understanding of the • Min. requirement for • Design calculation in • Installed, supervised,


European Regulatory anchor to have an ETA accordance to ETAG 001 inspected (and, if needed,
Framework and local Approval, also with the Annex C (or forthcoming tested) by appropriately
regulations/codes of post right coverage (e.g Eurocode 2 Part 4) for PIA or qualified person
installed rebar and cracked base materials, EC2-1 for PIR
anchoring redundant fastening, fire,
etc
Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

1. SHARP AND CLEAR DESIGN


INTENT, ASSUMPTIONS, AND DETAILS
ON DRAWING/SPECIFICATIONS

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CLEARLY SPECIFIED THE INTENT, DETAILS, AND


ASSUMPTIONS TO FACILITATE CHANGE MANAGEMENT …

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

…. & EQUIVALENCY SOLELY BASED ON ETA DETAILS

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

WHAT ARE THE NEEDED PERFORMANCE LEVEL / FEATURES


BE ASSESSED IN ETA?

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

ON-SITE PULL-OUT (OR LOCAL LAB) TESTING TO REPLACE


ETA?

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06.12.2019

# ALWAYS REFER TO ETA FOR THE RIGHT PRODUCT FOR


THE RIGHT APPLICATIONS, AND AS THE BASIS OF FINDING
EQUIVALENT PRODUCTS

# NEVER EVER USE ON-SITE POT TO JUSTIFY PRODUCT


FITNESS OF USE NOR DESIGN.

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

2. TRAINED SUPERVISOR,
INSTALLER & INSPECTOR

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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EXAMPLES OF BAD INSTALLATION

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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TRAINED INSTALLER

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

TRAINED SUPERVISOR & INSPECTOR : VISUAL CHECKING:


GOOD & BAD INSTALLATIONS OF HSC-A

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3. RIGHT TOOLS & ACCESSORIES

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

FERRO SCANNING –AVOID CUTTING THROUGH EXISTING


REBARS

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LET’S SEE A QUICK VIDEO

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

4. (OPTIONAL)WORKMANSHIP
CHECK VIA ON-SITE ‘PROOF LOAD
TEST’

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06.12.2019

IN 2014, BCA RELEASED CIRCULAR ON BS8539 FOR POST


INSTALLED ANCHOR USAGE AND APPROVAL

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

ALLOWABLE RESISTANCE VS. WORKMANSHIP

Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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06.12.2019

THANK YOU

Contact
Alan Tan (Specification Engineer)

Hilti Far East Pte Ltd


20 Harbour Drive
#06-06, Singapore 117612

Tel: +65 9878 6280


alan.tan@hilti.com
www.hilti.com.sg

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Post-installed Rebar | WSP, Dec 2019

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