NAGBALAYONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

ALTERNATIVE DELIVERY MODE (ADM)

LEARNING SHEETS
Quarter 1 -Week 1

UNDERSTANDING CULTURE SOCIETY AND

POLITICS
NATURE, GOALS AND PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY,
SOCIOLOGY AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

GRADE 12

Writer: Verna S. Garchitorena

Editor: Mary Ann S. Valdez
Reviewer: Dave D. Basto
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Guilito B. Macatuggal
ANTICIPATORY SET

Hello, dear learner!

Welcome to Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Learning Sheets that is especially made for you!

This material with attached activity sheets will help you learn and enjoy important lessons
in Grade 12 Understanding Culture Society and Politics! The lesson deals with the skills and
knowledge on the rationale for studying anthropology, political science and sociology and
covers the competency you ought to possess, namely discuss the nature, goals and perspectives
in/of anthropology, sociology and political science.

By the end of this learning sheets you will be able to:

1; Define anthropology, sociology and political science.

2; Describes how culture, society and politics interrelated with one another based on what
you have watched or heard. and

3; Show appreciation of cultural, social and political identities through poster.

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WARM UP

Before doing the prepared activities, let’s check how much you already know about this lesson
by answering the pre-assessment. Write your answers in a separate sheet of paper.

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Refers to the social organization of human life, patterns of interaction and power
relationships.

a. gender b. society c. region d. religion

2. The social behavior and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs,
arts, laws, customs, capabilities and habits of the individual.

a. culture b. community c. society d. human

3. The study of human societies and culture and their development.

a. sociology b. psychology c. theology d. anthropology

4. The process of learning all the necessary social roles and skills required of a competent
member of that society.

a. organization b. socialization c. habits d. identities

5. The art or science concerned with guiding or influencing governmental policy.

a. government b. policy c. politics d. profession

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LESSON 1 – NATURE, GOALS AND PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGY,
SOCIOLOGY AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

This lesson will introduce you to the concepts that covers the competency you ought to possess,
namely discuss the nature, goals and perspectives in/of anthropology, sociology and political
science. A series of activities will follow related to this lesson.

ANTHROPOLOGY - the study of humanity including our pre historic origins and contemporary
human diversity.
GOALS of ANTHROPOLOGY:
 Discover what all people have in common – By studying commonalities (folklores, traditions,
language, etc.) in all humanity, we could understand more about the human’s nature.
 Produce new knowledge and new theories about humankind and human behavior – This new
knowledge is then applied in an attempt to alleviate human challenges.
 Discover what makes people different from one another in order to understand and preserve
diversity – Anthropology attempts to answer questions like, “What does it mean to be a Filipino
and a citizen of the world?” It is not enough that anthropologists find out the characteristics
that make Filipinos unique, it is also important to emphasize the Filipino traits that makes them
“one” with the rest of the world.
 Look at one’s own culture more objectively like an outsider – It aims to make “the strange
familiar and the familiar strange.” Anthropology also challenges individuals to evaluate and
criticize their own culture. This is important so that people will be aware of the faults in their
own culture and make necessary changes for its betterment.
A broad swath of people around the world relate with each other in different ways but a closer
examination of these differences also reveal how people are alike in terms of their biological
features and what they do as they interact with each other. The difference and similarities by which
people live, act, and interact show the numerous aspects of human existence. In the discipline of
anthropology, these diverse but familiar manifestations of humanity are referred to as culture. For
anthropologists, culture is the reference point by which people organize themselves and make
sense of themselves as members of their own society. For that matter, anthropology regards culture
as the “acquired cognitive and symbolic aspects of human existence, whereas society refers to the
social organization of human life, patterns of interaction and power relationships” (Eriksen 2001:
4). Analyzing how people culturally differ and what they share in common deepens our knowledge
of humans as biological and social beings. Being human and becoming human is to be a social
person shaped by culture but tempered or enabled by their own bodily anatomy. The
anthropological discipline offers a detailed study of human engagements that include family life,
child raising, beliefs and religion, politics, material productions and innovations, laws, economic life
and the relationship between men and women in different social settings and time periods. In a
sense, anthropology ask big questions about the human condition but draws answers from the
study of the particular experiences of people living under different circumstances, be these in a
small village deep in the jungles, a farming settlement, a bustling metropolitan city or a string of
communities across different countries. By looking at the general and particular aspects of human
social life, anthropology provides explanation of the interrelationship of the various facets of
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human life that explains sociocultural and political practices of societies around the world across
time and spaces. Understanding these relationship means making sense of the unique situation and
linkages that people establish within and between societies.
SOCIOLOGY - a systematic study of groups and societies that people build and how these affect
their behavior.
BRANCHES OF SOCIOLOGY – (1) Social Organization-This includes the study of social
institutions, social inequality, social mobility, religious groups, and bureaucracy. (2) Social Change
- studies factors that cause social organization and social disorganization like calamity, drug abuse,
drastic and gradual social change, health and welfare problems, political instability, unemployment
and underemployment, child and women’s issue, etc. (3) Human Ecology- It pertains to the study
of the effects of various social organizations to the population’s behavior. (4) Applied Sociology-
concerned with the specific intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and
organizations. (5) Social Psychology- focuses on the study of human nature and its emphasis on
social processes as they affect individual or responses which are called “social stimuli”.
C. W. Mills argues that a great number of our social experiences can overwhelm us into inaction. He
then offers a solution: a way of seeing society that can help us understand everyday events and
make better choices as individuals and as a group. He calls this the “sociological imagination,”
which is a way of looking at people in terms of the intersection of their own lives with the larger
social and historical context. In Mills’s view, society—not people’s personal failings—is the main
cause of social problems (Macionis 2012: 7). To illustrate how one can develop a sociological
imagination, Mills distinguishes between two kinds of situations that people find themselves in:
“private troubles” (personal problems) and “public issues” (social problems). He points out that
there are indeed private troubles, but some of them also affect many other people since they have
large-scale causes. Examples of private troubles that are also public issues are poverty;
unemployment; lack of access to education; poor quality of education; air, water, and noise
pollution; bullying; single parenthood; and so on. According to Mills, addressing or solving a private
trouble is different from addressing a public issue. Since personal trouble is a private matter, its
resolution lies within the individual and within the scope of his or her immediate personal
experience. In contrast, people viewing personal problems as public issues will look for solutions to
social problems not at the level of the individual. Instead, they will look into bringing people
together to create needed change by organizing themselves and through their social institutions.
POLITICAL SCIENCE- is an academic discipline that deals with the study of government and
political processes, institutions, and behaviors. It is the systematic study of political and
government institutions and processes
POLITICS - the art and science of governing city/state. It is the social process or strategy in any
position of control which people gain, use, or lose power.
Politics are sometimes associated with power. Therefore, it is important to study politics to
understand society and to help change it for the better. This means that political science is not just
for politicians or for aspiring lawyers instead, it is also a give and take relationship between the
government (as a state apparatus) and its people (as a subject). Politics is often used synonymously
with government, however, the two are distinct from each another. The government that takes
shape in a country is a reflection of the country’s political philosophy. While government typically
refers to the established legislative and executive departments of a nation or state, politics is a
broad term that is related to the power sharing in any organization. In other words, politics is an
idea while government is the concrete realization of that idea.
GUIDED PRACTICE
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 Let’s have a memory check. After reading and understanding the lesson on the nature, goals
and perspectives in/of anthropology, sociology and political science, challenge yourself by
engaging in this task based on the objective of the lesson.

ACTIVITY 1: DEFINE ME

Directions: Inside the box are the jumbled words. Choose one and arrange the letters to reveal the
correct answer. Write your correct answer at the corresponding box.
THRONAGYPOLO GYLOOCISO CIETYSO CHENGA LAICOS

TIONCIALSOIZA TICSOLIP TENMRENGOV ERUTLUC

TIPOLICAL CESNESCI NAMUH LOGYCEO

1. A systematic study of groups and societies that people build and how these affect their
behavior.

2. The art and science of governing city/state.

3. The study of humanity including our pre historic origins and contemporary human diversity

4. The systematic study of political and government institutions and processes.

5. The social organization of human life, patterns of interaction and power relationships.

6. The social behavior and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts,
laws, customs, capabilities and habits of the individual.

7. The established legislative and executive departments of a nation

or state’

8. The process of learning all the necessary social roles and skills required of a competent member
of that society.

9. It pertains to the study of the effects of various social organizations to the population’s
behavior.

10. Factors that cause social organization and social disorganization.

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INDEPENDENT PRACTICE

Did you enjoy the activities? Were you able to follow the directions given to you?

Now, let us summarize what you have learned with another exciting activity. Are you ready?
Let’s start.

ACTIVITY 2

DIRECTIONS: Use the diagram below to show how a person experience culture, society and politics
in everyday life based on what you have heard/watched.

CULTURE

SOCIETY PERSON POLITICS

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ALTERNATIVE INSTRUCTION

With the numerous activities you did on (describe the components of a scientific
investigation write the LC), the following tasks will show what you can do in real life scenario.

(This section provides an activity which will help the learner transfer their new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.)

ACTIVITY 3 – In a short bond paper, make a poster that shows your appreciation of cultural, social
and political identities.

*with RUBRIC FOR SCORING

SCORE DESCRIPTION

5 Content is accurate and related to the topics. All required information is presented in
the poster and it is easier to understand.

4 Content is accurate and related to the topics but some required information is
missing in the poster and it is easier to understand.

3 Content is accurate and related to the topics but some required information is
missing in the poster and it is difficult to understand.

2 Content is inaccurate and not related to the topics. The required information is not
presented in the poster and it is difficult to understand.

1 Content is questionable and not related to the topics. The required information is not
presented in the poster and it is difficult to understand.

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WRAP UP

Congratulations! You made it this far. I am proud of you. Smile…

Today’s final task is for you to answer the post assessment below. Unleash that super brain in
you to score at least 70% or 11 out of 15 items correctly.

All you have to do is choose the letter of the correct answer to the following questions. Do not
hesitate to go back and review the lesson for the test items you have answered incorrectly. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

POST-ASSESSMENT

A. (1-5) Enumerate the five (5) branches of sociology. Write your answer at the box
provided.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

B. (6-15) Fill in the blanks with the appropriate answer. Choose your answers from the
box below.

According to C. W. Mills, to illustrate how one can develop a sociological

imagination, he distinguishes between two kinds of situations that people find
themselves in: _______________ (6) ________(personal problems) and ____________ (7) ________
(social problems). He points out that there are indeed private troubles, but some of
them also affect many other people since they have large-scale causes. Examples of
private troubles that are also public issues are___________ (8) ____________; _____________ (9)
__________; poor quality of education; ___________ (10) _______________; bullying; single
parenthood; and so on.

Air, water, noise pollution public issues poverty

unemployment private troubles

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 C. (11-15) Multiple choice. Write the letter of the correct answer on the line before each
number.

________ 11. Focuses on the study of human nature and its emphasis on social processes as they
affect individual or responses which are called “social stimuli”.
a. social change b. social science c. social psychology d. social organization

_________12. Concerned with the specific intent of yielding practical applications for human
behavior and organizations.
a. applied sociology b. social science c. social psychology d. social
organization

_________ 13. The study of social institutions, social inequality, social mobility, religious groups, and
bureaucracy.
a. applied sociology b. social science c. social psychology d. social
organization

_________14. The study of humanity including our pre historic origins and contemporary human
diversity.
a. applied sociology b. sociology c. social psychology d. anthropology

__________15. An academic discipline that deals with the study of government and political processes,
institutions, and behaviors.
a. applied sociology b. political science c. social psychology d. anthropology

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 REFERENCES

American Anthropological Association. (2016). What is anthropology? Retrieved from

http://www.americananthro.org/AdvanceYourCareer/Content.asp x? Item Number=2150

Eriksen, Thomas Hyland, 2001. “Introduction: Comparison and Context,” Small Places, Large
Issues: An Introduction to Social and Cultural Anthropology.2nd Edition. London: Sterling Press. pp.
1–7

Mills, C. Wright. (1959). “The Promise,” The Sociological Imagination. New York: Oxford
University Press. pp. 3–24

Study.com. (2003-2016). What is political science? Retrieved from

http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-politicalscience.html

Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC)

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