Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
• Nomenclature
• Conjuncture Action
• Involute Properties
• Contact Ratio
• Interference
Prof. J. Uziak
Problem
A spur gear set of 16-tooth pinion is driving a 40-tooth gear. The module is 12 mm
and the addendum and dedendum are 12 and 15 mm, respectively. The gears are
cut using a pressure angle of 20o.
a) Calculate the circular pitch, the centre distance, and the radii of the base circles.
b) In mounting the gears, the centre distance was incorrectly made 5 mm longer.
Calculate the changed value of the pressure angle and the pitch-circle diameters.
2
a) To find: circular pitch p, center distance C, and the radii of the base circle rb
d p dg
C
2
Pitch diameters of the pinion and the gear are calculated from:
Dp = m Np = 12 · 16 = 192 mm
Dg = m Ng = 12 · 40 = 480 mm
rb r cos
192
rbp rp cos cos 20 o 90.2 mm
2
480
rbg rg cos cos 20 o 225.5 mm
2
4
b) To calculate: the values of the pressure angle and pitch
diameters, when C is increased by 5 mm
5
However, the velocity ratio is not to change:
g d ' p N p 16 2
const
p d ' g N g 40 5
6
ii) To calculate the new pressure angle
rbp rp cos
rbp rbp
cos
1 cos 1 cos 1 90.2 cos 1 (9.9256) 22.24 o
r' d' /2 194.9 / 2
p p
8
a) To find: number of teeth for each gear
p Ng dg 3
1 .5
g N p d p 2
dp160
Np 16 teeth
m 10
d g 240
Ng 24 teeth
m 10
Check for interference:
NP
2k
1 2m sin
2
m m 2 1 2m sin 2 where, k = 1 for full depth teeth, and
k = 0.8 for stub teeth
Calculating for m = 10 mm, = 14.5o k = 1: Np = 31
There will be interference! 9
Possible solutions:
Option 1
Use 31 teeth for the pinion
To maintain velocity ration 3:2, rather use NP=32 for pinion and NG=48 for gear
Using m = 10 mm
dp = NP · m = 32 · 10 = 320 mm
dG = NG · m = 48 · 10 = 480 mm
Option 2
Change module to lower number
m = 8, Min number of teeth for pinion = 32
m = 6, Min number of teeth for pinion = 30 – selecting m = 6 mm
NP=30 for pinion and NG=45 for gear
dp = NP · m = 30 · 6 = 180 mm
dG = NG · m = 45 · 6 = 270 mm
Option 3
Change pressure angle to 20o, keep the same module m = 10 mm
Min number of teeth for pinion = 17
To maintain velocity ration 3:2, rather use NP=18 for pinion and NG= 27 for gear
dp = NP · m = 18 · 10 = 180 mm
10
dG = NG · m = 27 · 10 = 270 mm
Option 2
m = 6, NP=30, NG=45, pressure angle 14.5o,
dp = NP · m = 30 · 6 = 180 mm
dG = NG · m = 45 · 6 = 270 mm
Pinon’s diameters:
dadd, p = dp + 2 · a = 180 + (2 · 6) = 192 mm
dded, p = dp - 2 · d = 180 - (2 · 7.5) = 165 mm
Gear’s diameters:
dadd, g = dg + 2 · a = 270 + (2 · 6) = 282 mm
dded, g = dg - 2 · d = 270 - (2 · 7.5) = 255 mm
12
e) To find: The base circle diameters
d P dG 180 270
C 225mm
2 2
13
f) To check: it is possible to check for the interference using following
141 ? 130.7 2
225 sin 14.5 o 2
141 142.3 mm
No interference in the gear set! 14
Option 3
Change pressure angle to 20o, keep the same module m = 10 mm
Min number of teeth for pinion = 17
To maintain velocity ration 3:2, rather use NP=18 for pinion and NG= 27 for gear
dp = NP · m = 18 · 10 = 180 mm
dG = NG · m = 27 · 10 = 270 mm
b) To find: addendum & dedendum
From table with gear geometry for full depth tooth system (2.25m):
Addendum a = 1m = 10 mm
Dedendum d = 1.25m = 1.25 · 10 = 12.5 mm
Pinon’s diameters:
dadd, p = dp + 2 · a = 180 + (2 · 10) = 200 mm
dded, p = dp - 2 · d = 180 - (2 · 12.5) = 155 mm
Gear’s diameters:
dadd, g = dg + 2 · a = 270 + (2 · 10) = 290 mm
dded, g = dg - 2 · d = 270 - (2 · 12.5) = 245 mm
16
e) To find: The base circle diameters
d P dG 180 270
C 225mm
2 2
17
f) To check: it is possible to check for the interference using following
145 ≤ 148.4𝑚𝑚
19
Given Data:
Reduction = 2.5; C = 70 mm; = 20o;
Involute full depth tooth system ;
To be found:
m = ?; Np = ? ; NG = ?; Interference exists or not ?;
dP = ?; dG = ?; CR = ?
Centre Distance C:
d P dG
C 0.5m N P N G 70 mm
2
P nP dG NG
Reduction 2.5 N G 2 .5 N P
G nG dP NP
0.5m N P 2.5 N P 70
mN P 40 20
Assume: module from the preferred set m = 2 mm
a) Pitch diameters
Substituting
Np = 20 NG = 50
dp = 40 mm dG = 100 mm
NP
2k
1 2m sin
2
m m 2 1 2m sin 2 where, k = 1 for full depth teeth, and
k = 0.8 for stub teeth
Addendum: a = m = 2 mm
22
e) Contact Ratio
Lab
mc
p cos
23
Lab LBC
Contact Ratio mc
p cos p cos
24
Contact Ratio
Lab LBC
mc
p cos p cos
LBC u a u r BP PC ( AC AP ) ( DB DP )
ua ur
25
Contact Ratio
Lab LBC
mc
p cos p cos
26
Contact Ratio
Lab LBC
mc
p cos p cos
LBC u a u r BP PC ( AC AP ) ( DB DP )
rP a 2 rb2,P rP sin
rG a rb2,G rG sin
2
rP a 2 rb2,P rG a rb2,G rP rG sin
2
Lab LBC
mc
p cos p cos
where,
p – circular pitch p = πm
28
f) Change in Pressure Angle: Centre Distance Increased by 1.5%
New Centre Distance:
C’ = C · 1.5% = 71.05 mm
Hence
dP’ + dG’ = 2 · 71.05 = 142.02 mm
Solving:
dP’ = 40.57 mm dG’ = 101.43 mm
Using again equation for pressure angle: rbp rp cos
rbp rbp
cos
1 cos 1 cos 1 18.794 22.10 o
r' d' /2 40.57 / 2
p p
Therefore the changed pressure angle is increased to → 22.1o 29