CAMBRIDGE MAY/JUNE 2019

5090/12 PAPER 1

#8Products of lipid digestion are absorbed by a different process and route. They pass into the
lacteals (lympatic system) thus the lacteals is the part marked A.

#10. The small intestine is the longest part in the alimentary canal (6m). It is divided into three
sections: the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum respectively. The ileum is the longest so as to
accommodate completion of digestion and to provide a large surface for absorption. The large
intestine (colon) is 2m long. Then the duodenum is the shortest from that list.

11 Which statement best describes the movement of water through the stem of a plant?

A Water moves up the stem as it evaporates from the leaves.(is the best in this case)

B Water moves up the stem as it is pushed by water entering the roots.(water can still move up the
stem in cuttings yet they don’t have roots)

C Water moves up the stem because it is used in photosynthesis. (at night there’s no
photosynthesis but yet water will still move up the stem)

D Water moves up the stem by osmosis. (transpiration pull have the greatest influence in the
movement of water up the stem)

Take note all these answers are true but we were looking for the best one in the movement of
water up the stem …hence it was transpiration pull thus evaporation from the leaves.

#12 Please note that for this question the dye stains the xylem as water travels via xylem so the
correct diagram showing xylem is A

#14. Blood enters the R.A, passes the triscupid valve (our atrioventricular valve) to the ventricle
then out through the semi lunar valve to the pulmonary artery. Remember as this happens at the
right side it is happening same time as the lest side of the heart.

#15. 15 Which statement about white blood cells is correct?

A They can ingest bacteria by a process called phagocytosis. Very correct

B They can produce antigens in response to foreign antibodies .An antigen is any molecule which
the body recognises as foreign, therefore white blood cells produce antibodies to fight against
antigens

C They convert fibrinogen to fibrin when bleeding happens. this is the function of platelets

D They transport toxins from body tissues to the liver. Function of blood plasma

#18 During inhalation the diaphragm muscles contract. The result is that the volume of the chest
increases and this lowers pressure as air enters the lungs. The answer was A as the volume of
lungs starts to increase and pressure is falling
 #19 The word Renal refers to blood vessels associated with the kidney. Veins carry deoxygenated
blood thus high in carbon dioxide and lower in oxygen except Pulmonary vein and Umbilical vein
which are rich in oxygen and low in carbondioxide thus the answer is B

#21, In a reflex action response is relayed from the spinal cord, and the brain is only to

ld what has already happened but does not get involved in relaying the response. Thus the
pathway is receptor→ spinal cord→ effector

#22. Urea is formed from excess amino acids in the liver by the process known as deamination. It
is then removed from the blood in the kidney through a process called excretion

#23. NEAR OBJECT DISTANT OBJECT

CILIARY MUSCLES contract relax

LENS Thicker(round) Thinner(elongated)

SUSPENSORY LIGAMENTS taut loose

#24 check out the structure of the radius and

answer that question

#26

 Penicillium mould for producing penicillin (an antibiotic)

 Fusarium mould for producing mycoprotein (a fungus-based meat substitute)
 Feature Function Reason

An aseptic precaution to prevent

Hot steam sterilises the inside
Steam inlet contamination by unwanted
of the fermenter
microorganisms

Allows sterile nutrients to enter Microorganisms need nutrients so that

Nutrient inlet
the fermenter they can grow and reproduce

Water jacket
Keeps the temperature inside Microorganisms grow best at an
with cooling
constant optimum temperature
water

Microorganisms need oxygen for

Air inlet Provides a source of oxygen
aerobic respiration

An aseptic precaution to prevent

Stops microorganisms getting
Filter on air inlet contamination by unwanted
inside the fermenter
microorganisms

Mixes the microorganisms with the

Keeps the mixture inside the
Stirring paddles nutrients and keeps the temperature
fermenter agitated (stirred)
even

According to that question the answer is A

#28. Energy is lost from one trophic level to another as heat and therefore cannot be recycled

#30. CO2 from the plants to the atmosphere is respiration, photosynthesis is when the plants take
CO2 from the atmosphere. Due to the action of microorganisms, dead organisms are in the soil
which is respiring. NOTE if we were given decomposition it was going to be our best answer.

#34 Note very well that: statement one and three are interlinked thus we can’t discard one and
accept the other. So the answer was 1, 2 and 3

#36 The diagram showed stages of mitosis, where V was the initial cell before division, then W was
interphase where there is DNA replication. And X was the entire stages between Anaphase to
Telophase. Lastly Y and Z are now just like the initial cell before DNA replication. Therefore the
correct answer was C

#38 From the offspring you can deduce that the parents are AO and BO will try to send the entire
diagram later but work with this you will get the coorect response as A

FAILING TO PREPARE IS PREPAIRING TO FAIL