CAUSES OF FIRE

A. NATURAL CAUSES

1. Spontaneous Heating – automatic chemical reaction that results to spontaneous

combustion due to auto ignition of organic materials the gradual rising of heat in
confined space until ignition temperature are reached.
2. Lighting – a form of static electricity a natural electric current with great magnitude
producing tremendous amperage and voltage.
Holt Bolt- longer in duration capable only is igniting combustible materials.
Cold Bolt- shorter is duration; capable of splintering a property of literally
blowing a part an entire structure produced electrical amperage and very high
temperature.

3. Radiation of sunlight – when a light strikes a concave mirror, concentrating the light
on combustible materials thereby ignites.

B. ACCIDENTAL CAUSES (Electrical accidents)

1. Short circuit – unusual or accidental connecting between points at different potentials

(charge) an electrical circuit of relatively low resistance.
2. Arcing – production of sustained luminous electrical discharge between separated
electrodes an electric hazard that result when electrical current crosses the gap
between two electrical conductors.
3. Sparkling – production of incandescent particles when different potential (charged
conductors) come in contact occurs during the short circuit or welding operations.
4. Induced current – included line surge increase of electrical energy flow or power
voltage induced current sudden increase of electrical resulting to the burning of
isolating materials exploding of the fuse box or burning of active electric appliances
5. Overheating of electrical appliances – increase or rising of amperage while electric
current is flowing in a transmission line resulting to the damage or destruction of
insulating materials may be gradual or rapid internal or external.

C. INTERNATIONAL CAUSES incendiary

If the burned property, there are preparations or traces accelerated and plants and trailer
then the cause of fire are intentional.

1. Plant – the preparation and/ or gathering of combustible materials needed to starts

a fire.
2. Accelerate – highly flammable chemical that are used to facilitate flame
propagation.
3. Trailer – the preparation of flammable substances in order to spread fire.

CLASSES OF FIRE A B C D
General classification Ordinary Combustible Electrical Combustible metals
of combustible material combustible material circuit
material

Example of Woods ,plastics, Gasoline Home Titanium, sodium,

combustible materials rubbers, textiles kerosene ,motor oil, appliances, zinc, potassium,
alcohol, product – electrical wires, magnesium, etc.
an dotes motors,
hydrocarbon telephone,
derivations switchboard,
etc.
Primary of Water Foam, CO2.dry CO2, dry Chemical
extinguishing agent chemical, chemical, inhabitation, reduce
vaporizing liquid vaporizing combustion by
liquid interrupting the
chemical reaction
Principle of Temperature, Oxygen dilution Oxygen dilution Chemical
extinguishing agent reduction cooling (exclusion) smothers the inhabitation, reduce
down the heat smothers the oxygen combustion by
oxygen interrupting the
chemical reaction
Triangle side involved Heat Oxygen Oxygen All sides
in the extinguishments
operations
Prohibited Solid stream of Water Water
extinguishments agent water
Safety precautions that De-energized Secure proper eye
must be observed the equipment protection
during encountered involved
when fighting the fire
Besides burns injuries Electrical shock Blindness
or damage that might
been encountered when
fighting the fire
Extra protective Eye protection
equipment to wear glasses / goggles
when fighting the fire
Dangerous gas general Hydrogen
if wrong type of
extinguishing agent is
used