THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA

In association with

TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL TEACHERS’ COLLEGE

LUANSHYA

NAME : VICTOR SAMENI

STUDENT No : 20003

CLASS : MPC07

SUBJECT : SCIENCE TEACHING METHODOLOGY

LECTURER : MR KAFULI. DK

ASSIGNMENT : 1

DUE DATE : 1ST JULY, 2020

TASK : ATTEMPT ON THE POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

WHICH CAN COMBAT THE EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE.

“TVTC - LEARNING BY DOING”

Examination malpractice is commonly defined as a deliberate wrong doing contrary to official
examination rules designed to place a candidate at an unfair advantage or disadvantage, (Wilayat, 2009

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Examination malpractice is commonly defined as a deliberate wrong doing contrary to official
examination rules designed to place a candidate at an unfair advantage or disadvantage, (Wilayat, 2009
quoted in Akaranga & Ongong, 2013). Acceding to this definition, examination malpractice is
unacceptable act done by examination candidate, examination official or any other person. There is a
number of definitions to examination malpractice, as well as causes and consequences of malpractice.

Thus, the purpose of this academic essay is to try and attempt on the possible solutions which can combat
the examination malpractice.

To start with the solutions to examination malpractice, malpractice can be minimised if the organs
responsible for the promotion of ethics the society should be fortified with the necessary instrument of
office to combat examination malpractices, if the necessary instruments are put in places were
malpractice is mostly used, it can be very easy to track it down. The Corrupt practice investigation bureau,
code of conduct bureau, anti-corruption commission and so on must be made to function as expected to
deal with the perpetrators (adekale, 1993).

Secondly, malpractice can be minimised when the government and school administrators should
constantly organize seminars and workshops to educate he students, parents, lecturers, teachers and
school administrators on the consequences of examination malpractice. If the pupils/students are aware
of the consequences when found practicing malpractice it is rarely for them to do malpractice this is
because they know which punishment will be given to them when found (adenipekan, 2004).

In addition, the law enforcement agents and other related government functionaries should be
drafted to public examination centers to assist in the eradication of this social malady not only that
but also the society must deemphasize materialism and paper qualification: students should be
made to attend interview in both oral and written to authenticate the certificate they possess. Their
admission and employment should be purely on merit and transparent display of proven integrity
(Josephson, 1998).

However if malpractice is to be minimised, honesty should be rewarded in the society to promote

rejection of fraud, cheating, bribery and corruption. If students are honest the probability for them
to cheat in an examination room is zero over ten this is because they know that malpractice is same
as stealing or cheating. Also population should be discouraged in schools. Schools should admit
students with manageable student’s staff ratio for proper supervision. It is very difficult to

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supervise a hug number of students/pupils when they are writing their examination (Olugbile,
2004)

In addition, Staff in all educational institutions need to be adequately remunerated to promote hard
works and commitment to duties this will make all students afraid of being caught once temped to
use any form of malpractice, since staffs are committed to their duties supervising the students.
Not only that also adequate infrastructural facilities and qualified staff should be provided schools
to assist in genuine transmission of knowledge and skills (Ogunti, 2011)

Discipline should be instilled in every member of Nigerian society to promote self-control,

moderation, modesty, and respect for legitimate authority. Lastly National consciousness,
patriotism, sense of belonging, service to the nation, loyalty, unity and communalism should be
encouraged in the society to develop positive habit in the citizenry (omotosho, 1990).

Effective supervision and monitoring of teaching and learning: The Inspectorate of the various
Ministry of Education and boards should enforce effective teaching and learning through regular
supervision and evaluation. There should be regular check on Teachers’ Note of Lesson to make
sure the Scheme of work is strictly followed and covered for a particular Teachers on the other
hand, should be retrained to embark on effective teaching and learning using modern and
challenging teaching methods such as Participatory Teaching Approach (PTA) right from the
foundation (basic education) through all levels. This will enable the students to be active
participants in the learning sessions and therefore develop interests in their work (Adekale, 1993).

Use of Computer Assisted Learning (CAL): Teachers should be empowered in the use of technology room
teaching. They should be supported with Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) irrespective of the location
of the schools. We believe that in this era of technology advancement, children who are taught digitally
will definitely be independent and effective learners capable of actualizing their academic dreams
without resorting to the use of prohibited materials in examination halls. For instance, it has been found
that children’s attention is better captured with the use of electronic devices through Power-point
presentations. Students become more interested in the learning process and are better equipped to
take their destinies in their hands during examinations(Adekale, 1993).

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In addition, Electronic Examination and Testing can also help to minimize the malpractice, the use of
technology assisted gadgets in teaching and learning go hand in hand with electronic examination and
testing. Fakae (2011), observed that electronic examination and testing used in the Rivers State University
of Science and Technology, eliminated malpractice to the barest minimum. According to him, the
adoption of e-exam, to some extent, also removed all the possibilities of students’ victimization by
examiners thereby creating an environment where genuine scholarly pursuit will be rightfully rewarded
without prejudice (Adekale, 1993)

Remuneration must be adequate at all levels of educational institutions to promote hard work and
commitment to duties. The government and school administrators should constantly organize seminars
and workshops to educate the students, lecturers, parents and even the administrators on the
consequences of examination malpractice (Olugbile, 2004).

In addition, the installation of CCTV cameras in also the infrastructure were examination are carried out
can at least minimise the malpractice as supervising the students become easy and very easy to see who
or which student is cheating. With the help of the cameras students are monitored cpntinuesly without
any obstruction which makes it so suitable for examination malpractice supervision (Adenipekan, 2004).

There is need for the Ministry of Education, Science, Vocational Training and Early Education to ensure
that School Based Continuing Professional Development is enhanced so that teachers share knowledge
on how to teach the seemingly challenging topics. This will help learners to learn and comprehend the
learning materials and this will result in learners developing confidence to write examinations (Asuru,
V.A.2010).

Furthermore, the Societal re-engineering and reorientation to revamp moral values: meaning Good
moral values should be properly inculcated into our youths, and parents counseled to stop aiding
their children to cheat in examination and they will stop pressurizing their children but to encourage
them to work hard. Again, there is need to engage only honest persons in examination management.
And also suggests effective counseling services in schools to assist students acquire techniques of
effective study habits (Petters, 2014).

Education standards officers and school managers through the school guidance and counseling, teachers
should intensify sensitizations to learners on the dangers of engaging in examination malpractices.
Therefore learners should be made to understand the effects of examination malpractice before the

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commencement of examinations so as to reduce the likelihood of engaging in examination malpractice.
(Asuru, V.A. 2010).

The Ministry of Education, Science, Vocational Training and Early Education through the standards officers
and the school managers should intensify monitoring of teaching and learning in order to ensure that
teachers are doing their work and that there is quality delivery of lessons so as to develop confidence in
learners to enable them face the examinations. (Asuru, 2010).

Lastly, the penalty for malpractice should be also doubled or increased in a way that if a student/pupil is
caught cheating or practicing any form of malpractice should be expelled completely without coming back
to school after a certain period of time. If pupils can understand that once caught cheating they will leave
school for good can make them vow not to cheat which can make all graduates graduate with more
knowledge than using malpractice(Adenipekan, 2004).

All in all, the solutions to the lingering problems of examination malpractices are not far-fetched. What
is lacking is the will-power of every concerned stakeholder to attack it from every angle until its interment
is achieved. It is obvious that examination malpractices have eaten so deep into the fabrics of the entire
education industry to warrant concerted efforts by all and sundry to extinguish it in its entirety. It is
possible if the system will adjust itself and imbibe the new technology era

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 REFERENCE

Adekale, A. (1993) .Incidence and causes of examination malpractices among students Nigerian
Journal of Educational Foundations, 4, (1), 18-4 1.

Adenipekun, O. (2004). Examination Malpractices and multibillion naira business

Vanguard Retrieved July 19, 2009 from website: htt://www.sdnetwork.kabissa.org.

Josephson, M., 1998. Report card on the ethics of American youths; Los Angeles, CA: Josephson

Ogunji, A. A. (2011). Examination Management and Examination Malpractice:

The Nexus. National Seminar Paper on Crisis and Conflict Management in Higher Institutions of
Learning, Akure, Ondo State.

Olugbile, S., (2004). Exam malpractice rocks Zamfara. (Retrieved, June, 2007)]. Lagos: Punch
Education

Omotosho, H.M(1990). The face of examination malpractices in Nigeria. WAEC News,4(3), 3-5

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