Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
* Division of Strength of Materials, Institute of Structural Analysis, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology
** Department of the Strength and Fatigue of Materials and Structures, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, AGH University
of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
57
Piotr KORDZIKOWSKI, Ryszard B. PÊCHERSKI
ASSESSMENT OF THE MATERIAL STRENGTH OF ANISOTROPIC MATERIALS...
58
MECHANICS AND CONTROL Vol. 29 No. 2 2010
σCII limit compression stress in the second eigen state, ( ) + Φ (ó II ) + Φ (ó III ) ≤ 1 in the seventh one,
Φ óI
σCIII limit compression stress in the third eigen state).
Φ (óCI ) Φ (óCII ) Φ (óCIII )
5. Substitute limit values σTI , σTII , σTIII , σCI , σCII , σCIII, to
the criterion of Rychlewski in sequential quarters of the
system of eigen axes, in which the limit surface takes
the shape of deformed ellipsoid:
( ) + Φ (ó II ) + Φ (ó III ) ≤ 1 in the eighth one,
Φ óI
Fig. 1. Asymmetric limit surface determined for the calculated stress limits based on the energetic criterion of Rychlewski,
applied to each part of the system of eigen axes
59
Piotr KORDZIKOWSKI, Ryszard B. PÊCHERSKI
ASSESSMENT OF THE MATERIAL STRENGTH OF ANISOTROPIC MATERIALS...
Fig. 2. Asymmetric limit curve for paperboard determined for the calculated limit stresses based on the energetic criterion
of Rychlewski, applied to each quarter of the system of eigen axes
Following the steps given above, we obtain an asymmet- caris criterion (Theocaris 1989a), which could be used to
ric limit surface inscribed between points obtained from the generalize the square Rychlewski criterion for arbitrary
experiment. anisotropic material showing a strength differential effect
Following the proposed scheme one can as well restrain (SDE):
to plane states only, which are discussed thoroughly and
verified for thin films in (Ostrowska-Maciejewska and σ12 + σ22 2
σ33 2 1
Pêcherski 2006). + −( − )⋅
Proceeding according to the scheme presented above and σT 1σC1 σT 3 σC 3 σT 1σC1 σT 3σC 3
performing the calculations presented in [20], there was de-
σ σ + σ3 σ1
termined in this work an asymmetric limit curve inscribed ⋅σ1 σ 2 − 2 3 +
between points obtained from the experiment for amor- σT 3σC 3
phous metal (Lund and Schuh 2005).
It is also worth to mention and compare limit curves by 1 1 1 1
+( − )(σ1 + σ3 ) + ( − )σ3 = 1,
Rychlewski with the limit curves obtained from the Theo- σT 1 σC1 σT 3 σC 3
Fig. 4. Asymmetric limit curve for amorphous metal (Kordzikowski 2007). The points correspond to the results
of atomic calculations (Lund and Schuh 2005)
60
MECHANICS AND CONTROL Vol. 29 No. 2 2010
Fig. 5. Limit curves for paperboard determined for the calculated limit stresses based on the energetic criterion of Rychlewski,
applied to each quarter of the system of eigen axes and according to Theocaris
Rys. 6. Limit curves for amorphous metal determined for the calculated limit stresses based on the energetic criterion
of Rychlewski, applied to each quarter of the system of eigen axes and according to Theocaris
61
Piotr KORDZIKOWSKI, Ryszard B. PÊCHERSKI
ASSESSMENT OF THE MATERIAL STRENGTH OF ANISOTROPIC MATERIALS...
asymmetry in the elastic range. The given graphical inter- Kordzikowski P., Janus-Michalska M., Pêcherski R.B. 2005, Specification
of energy-based criterion of elastic limit states for cellular materials.
pretation of the asymmetric energetic condition in the sys-
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, 50, 3, 621634.
tem of eigen axes (in the space of eigen states) shows that in Kordzikowski P. Pêcherski R.B. 2010, Próba rozszerzenia kryterium ener-
each part of this system there is a different limit surface getycznego Rychlewskiego w zastosowaniu do oceny wytê¿enia wy-
defined, corresponding to material properties determined branych materia³ów anizotropowych z asymetri¹ zakresu sprê¿yste-
go. Rudy Metale, R55, 8995.
experimentally in the system of principal axes (in the space Kordzikowski P. 2007, Zastosowanie energetycznego kryterium Rychlew-
of principal stresses). Such an approach to the analysis of skiego do oceny wytê¿enia anizotropowych cienkich warstw wykazu-
the energy-based material effort criterion by Rychlewski j¹cych efekt ró¿nicy wytrzyma³oci, Rudy i Metale Nie¿elazne, 52,
Nr 11, 689695.
allows one to use uniaxial tests to determine material effort Kowalczyk K., Ostrowska-Maciejewska J., Pêcherski R.B. 2003, An-
and also provides the basis to determine Rychlewski’s mo- energy based yield criterion for solids of cubic elasticity and ortho-
dules hκ, and hence the limit state tensor H. tropic limit state. Arch. Mech., 55, 2003, 431448.
The discussed analysis creates also a possibility to relate Lund A.C., Schuh C.A. 2005, Strength asymmetry in nano-crystalline me-
tals under multiaxial loading. Acta Materialia, 53, 31933205.
the proposed method of a sectional description and identifi- Maxwell C. 1937, Origins of Clerk Maxwells electric ideas as described
cation of limit curves with the methodology developed by in familiar letters to William Thompson. Cambridge at the University
Oller et al. (2003), which is based on the paraboloid isotro- Press 1937, Proc. Cambridge Phil. Soc., 32, 161185, 1936.
Mises R. 1913, Mechanik der festen Körper im plastisch-deformablen Zu-
pic yield criterion as a starting point. The criterion is to be stand. Göttingen Nachrichten, Math. phys. Klasse, Z. 4 (1), 582592.
adjusted then by certain transformation to the behaviour of Mises R. 1928, Mechanik der plastischen Formänderung von Kristallen.
an orthotropic material with asymmetry of elastic range. ZAMM, 8, 161185.
Nalepka K., Pêcherski R.B. 2003, Energetyczne kryteria wytê¿enia. Pro-
pozycja obliczania granicznych energii z pierwszych zasad. Rudy
References
i Metale Nie¿elazne, 48, 533536.
Beltrami E. 1920, Sulla condizioni di resistenza dei corpi elastici. Rend. Ist. Oller S., Car E., Lubliner J. 2003, Definition of a general implicit ortho-
Lomb. II, 1827 (also in: Opere matem., vol. IV, Milano, 180189). tropic yield criterion. Comput., Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., 192,
Biegler M.W., Mehrabadi M.M. 1995, An energy-based constitutive model 895912.
for anisotropic solids subject to damage. Mechanics of Materials, 19, Ostrowska-Maciejewska J., Pêcherski R.B., Anizotropia sprê¿ysta i wytê-
151164. ¿enie cienkich warstw i pow³ok. PAN IMiIM im. A. Krupkowskiego
Burzyñski W. 1928, Studium nad hipotezami wytê¿enia. Nak³adem Aka- IPPT PAN, Kraków 2006.
demji Nauk Technicznych, Lwów, 1192; also Dzie³a wybrane, Rychlewski J. 1984, Elastic energy decomposition and limit criteria.
PWN Warszawa, 1982, t.1, 68257 and English translation: Selected Uspekhi Mekh. -Advances in Mech., 7, 5180 (in Russian).
Passages from W³odzimierz Burzyñskis doctoral dissertation Stu- Rychlewski J. 1995, Unconventional approach to linear elasticity. Arch.
dy on Material Effort Hypotheses, Engineering Transactions., 57, Mech., 47, 149171.
2009 in print. Suhling J.C., Rowlands R.E., Johnson M.W., Gunderson D.E. 1985, Ten-
Hencky H. 1924, Zur Theorie plastischer Deformationen Und der hierdurch sorial Strength Analysis of Paperboard. Exp. Mech., 25, 7584.
im Material herforgerufenen Nachspannungen. ZAMM, 4, 323334. Theocaris P.S. 1989, Failure Behaviour of Paper Sheets. Journal of Rein-
Huber M.T. 1904, W³aciwa praca odkszta³cenia jako miara wytê¿enia forced Plastics and Composites, 8, 601626.
materia³u. Czasopismo Techniczne XXII, Lwów 1904, t³umaczenie Theocaris P.S. 1989, The elliptic paraboloid failure surface for 2D-trans-
angielskie: Specific work of strain as a measure of material effort, tropic plates (fiber laminates). Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 33,
Arch. Mech., 56, No. 3, 173190, 2004. No. 2, 185203.
Janus-Michalska M., Pêcherski R.B. 2003, Macroscopic properties of Theocaris P.S. 1989, Decomposition of strain energy density in fiber
open-cell foams based on micromechanical modelling. Technische reinforced composites. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 33, 3, 335
Mechanik, 23, 234244. 343.
62