NAME:__________________________________________________

Medical Terminology
Assignment 1.2

Label the following images

Planes of the body

1. ___________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________

Body cavities and structures

1. ___________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________

3. ____Superior mediastinum____________
4. _____Pleural
cavity____________________
5. Pericardial cavity (in mediastinum)

3-5. ________________________________________

6. ___________________________________________

7. ___________________________________________

8. ___________________________________________

9. ___Abdominopelvic cavity____________
NAME:__________________________________________________

For each of the listed terms, provide the definition, using the rules presented
in the powerpoint presentation.

Medical term Meaning

craniotomy _______________________________________________________
abdominal _______________________________________________________
pelvic _______________________________________________________
thoracic _______________________________________________________
mediastinal _______________________________________________________
epithelial _______________________________________________________
tracheotomy _______________________________________________________
peritoneal _______________________________________________________
hepatitis _______________________________________________________
cervical _______________________________________________________
lymphocyte _______________________________________________________
lateral _______________________________________________________
bronchoscopy _______________________________________________________
diaphragm _______________________________________________________
pleura _______________________________________________________
hypochondriac _______________________________________________________
radiology _______________________________________________________

Differentiate between:

Radiograph and x-ray

Sacr/o and Sarc/o

Spinal column and spinal cord

Pharynx and larynx

Trachea and esophagus

NAME:__________________________________________________

Medical conditions and procedures

Match the conditions listed below with the correct procedure used to diagnose or
treat each.

A. Abdominal cavity
B. Cranial cavity
C. Diaphragm
D. Mediastinum
E. Pelvic cavity
F. Pelvis
G. Peritoneum
H. Pleura
I. Spinal cavity
J. Thoracic cavity

_______1. Membrane surrounding the lungs

_______2. Space between the lungs, containing the heart
_______3. Bones of the hip
_______4. Space containing the liver, gallbladder, and stomach; also called the
abdomen
_______5. Space within the backbones, containing the spinal cord
_______6. Membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen
_______7. Space within the skull, containing the brain
_______8. Space below the abdominal cavity, containing the urinary bladder
_______9. Muscle between the thoracic and abdominal cavities
_______10. Entire chest cavity, containing the lungs, heart, trachea, esophagus, and
bronchial tubes

Underline the boldface term that best completes the meaning of the sentences
in the following medical vignettes.

After her car accident, Cathy had severe neck pain. An MRI study revealed a
protruding (diaphragm, disc, uterus) between C6 and C7. The doctor asked her to
wear a (sacral, cervical, cranial) collar for several weeks.

Mr. Sellar was a heavy smoker all his adult life. He began coughing and losing weight
and became very lethargic. His physician suspected a tumor of the
(musculoskeletal, urinary, respiratory) system. A chest CT scan showed a (lung,
pharyngeal, spinal) mass. Dr. Baker performed (laparoscopy, craniotomy,
bronchoscopy) to biopsy the lesion.
NAME:__________________________________________________

Grace had never seen a gynecologist. She had pain in her (cranial, pelvic, thoracic)
cavity and increasing (abdominal, vertebral, laryngeal) girth. Dr. Hawk suspected
a/an (esophageal, ovarian, mediastinal) tumor after palpating a mass.

Mr. Cruise was exposed to asbestos while working in the shipyards during World
War II. Now many years later, his doctor encouraged him to stop smoking because
of a recently discovered link between asbestos, smoking, and the occurrence of
mesothelioma (malignant tumor of cells of the pleura or membrane surrounding the
lungs). A routine chest x-ray film had shown thickening of the (esophagus, pleura,
trachea) on both sides of Mr. Cruise’s (abdominal, spinal, thoracic) cavity.

Procedures
Using your knowledge of medical terminology, name the procedure described in the
following paragraphs.

A skin incision is made and muscle is stripped away from the skull. Four or five burr
(or bur) holes are drilled into the skull. The bone between the holes is cut using a
craniotome (bone saw). The bone flap is turned down or completely removed. After
the bone flap is secured, the membrane surrounding the brain is incised and the
brain is exposed. This procedure is a ____________________________________________________.

A major surgical incision is made into the chest for diagnostic or therapeutic
purposes. One type of incision is a medial sternotomy (sternum = breastbone). A
straight incision is made from the upper part of the sternum (suprasternal notch) to
the lower end of the sternum (xiphoid process). The sternum must be cut with an
electric or air-driven saw. The procedure is done to perform a biopsy or to locate
sources of bleeding or injury. It often is performed to remove all or a portion of a
lung. This procedure is a __________________________________________________________________.

A needle is inserted below the umbilicus (navel) to inject carbon dioxide into the
abdomen. The gas distends (expands) the abdomen, permitting better visualization
of the organs. A trocar (sharp-pointed instrument used to puncture the wall of a
body cavity) with a cannula (tube) is inserted into an incision under the umbilicus.
After the cannula is in place in the abdominal cavity, the trocar is removed and an
endoscope is inserted through the cannula. The surgeon can then visualize the
abdominopelvic cavity and reproductive organs. This procedure is a
_________________________________________________________.
NAME:__________________________________________________

Principal diagnosis

Physician notes:
A 67-year-old man with a 2-pack-a-day h/o (history of) smoking and hypertension
(high blood pressure) presents to the ED (emergency department) complaining of
hemoptysis (coughing up blood), fatigue, back pain on his right side, polyuria
(frequent need to urinate), and headaches. The elevated BP (blood pressure),
hemoptysis, and headaches require observation in the ED. The patient is admitted and
diabetes is ruled out as a cause of polyuria. A chest x-ray for hemoptysis reveals a RLL
(right lower lobe) mass. Needle biopsy confirms malignancy. The patient agrees to
have a lobectomy performed. He is counseled on his tobacco use during recovery and
he agrees to begin therapy for tobacco cessation.

Using the information presented in these notes, select the principal diagnosis from
the following:
A. Lung cancer
B. Hemoptysis
C. Polyuria
D. Headache
E. Hypertension