College of Arts and Education

Teacher Education Department

First Semester, S.Y. 2016-2017

Reporter: Paulane R. Navalta

Topic: The Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 (K to 12)
Instructor: Dr. Erwin O. Estrella

K to 12 Curriculum

Section 5 of the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013, stipulates the following
circular standards which the curriculum developers adhered to in crafting the K to 12
curriculum:

(a) The curriculum shall be learner-centered, inclusive and developmentally

appropriate;

(b) The curriculum shall be relevant, responsive and research-based;

(c) The curriculum shall be culture-sensitive;

(d) The curriculum shall be contextualized and global;

(e) The curriculum shall use pedagogical approaches that are constructivist,
inquiry-based, reflective, collaborative and integrative;

(f) The curriculum shall adhere to the principles and framework of Mother
Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) which starts from where
the learners are and from what they already knew proceeding from the
known to the unknown; instructional materials and capable teachers to
implement the MTB-MLE curriculum shall be available;

(g) The curriculum shall use the spiral progression approach to ensure mastery
of knowledge and skills after each level; and

(h) The curriculum shall be flexible enough to enable and allow schools to
localize, indigenize and enhance the same based on their respective
 educational and social contexts. The production and development of locally
produced teaching materials shall be encouraged and approval of these
materials shall devolve to the regional and division education units.

Salient Features

Every Filipino child now has access to early childhood education through
Universal Kindergarten. At 5 years old, children start schooling and are given the means
to slowly adjust to formal education.
Research shows that children who underwent Kindergarten have better
completion rates than those who did not. Children who complete a standards-based
Kindergarten program are better prepared for primary education.
Education for children in the early years lays the foundation for lifelong learning
and for the total development of a child. The early years of a human being, from 0 to 6
years, are the most critical period when the brain grows to atleast 60-70 percent of adult
size
In Kindergarten, students learn the alphabet, numbers, shapes, and colors
through games, songs, and dances, in their Mother Tongue.

Examples, activities, songs, poems, stories, and illustrations are based on local
culture, history, and reality. This makes the lessons relevant to the learners and easy to
understand.
Students acquire in-depth knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes through
continuity and consistency across all levels and subjects.
Discussions on issues such as Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), Climate Change
Adaptation, and Information & Communication Technology (ICT) are included in the
enhanced curriculum.
 Students are able to learn best through their first language, their Mother Tongue
(MT). Twelve (12) MT languages have been introduced for SY 2012-2013: Bahasa Sug,
Bikol, Cebuano, Chabacano, Hiligaynon, Iloko, Kapampangan, Maguindanaoan,
Meranao, Pangasinense, Tagalog, and Waray. Other local languages will be added in
succeeding school years.
Aside from the Mother Tongue, English and Filipino are taught as subjects
starting Grade 1, with a focus on oral fluency. From Grades 4 to 6, English and Filipino
are gradually introduced as languages of instruction. Both will become primary
languages of instruction in Junior High School (JHS) and Senior High School (SHS).
After Grade 1, every student can read in his or her Mother Tongue. Learning in
Mother Tongue also serves as the foundation for students to learn Filipino and English
easily.

Subjects are taught from the simplest concepts to more complicated concepts
through grade levels in spiral progression. As early as elementary, students gain
knowledge in areas such as Biology, Geometry, Earth Science, Chemistry, and Algebra.
This ensures a mastery of knowledge and skills after each level.
For example, currently in High School, Biology is taught in 2 nd Year, Chemistry in
3rd Year, and Physics in 4th year. In K to 12, these subjects are connected and
integrated from Grades 7 to10. This same method is used in other Learning Ares like
Math.

Senior High School is two years of specialized upper secondary education;

students may choose a specialization based on aptitude, interests, and school capacity.
The choice of career track will define the content of the subjects a student will take in
Grades 11 and 12. SHS subjects fall under either the Core Curriculum or specific
Tracks.
Curriculum Tracks

The student after undergoing Senior High School can choose among four tracks:
Academic; Technical-Vocational-Livelihood; and Sports track and Arts and Design track.
The Academic track includes four strands: Business, Accountancy, Management
(BAM); Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS); Science, Technology, Engineering,
Mathematics (STEM); and General Academic Strand (GAS).

Core Curriculum

Below are the learning areas comprising the core curriculum. The description is
based from DepEd Memo 13 s 2013.

NOMENCLATURE/ DESCRIPTION
LEARNING AREA Grades 1 to 6 Grades 7 to 10

Integrated It focuses on the Ang Filipino ay naglalayong

Language Arts development of literacy and malinang ang (1)
Mother Tongue numeracy skills and kakayahang komunikatibo
Flipino learning of concepts first in at (2) kahusayan sa pag-
English the Mother Tongue from unawa at pagpapahalagang
Grades 1-3 and later pampanitikan ng mg mag-
transfer to second language aaral. Lilinangin ang
(Filipino and English). The makrong kasanayan
macro skills-listening, (pakikinig, pagsasalita,
speaking, reading, writing pagbasa, pagsulat, at
and viewing spiral across panonood) sa tulong ng
grade levels and across iba’t ibang dulog at
languages. The ultimate pamamaraan tulad ng
goal is communicative Komunikatibong Pagtuturo
competence both oral and ng Wika (KPW),
written in three languages. Pagtuturong Batay sa
Nilalaman (PBL) ng iba’t
ibang akdang pampanitikan
at Pagsasanib ng
Gramatika sa Tulong ng
iba’t ibang Teksto (PGRT),
at isinasaalang—alang din
ang pagsasanib ng mga
pagpapahalagang
pangkatauhan sa pag-aaral
at pagsusuri ng iba’t ibang
akdang pampanitikan.

Science Science education aims to This course deals with the

develop scientific literacy basic concepts in Biology,
among students that will Chemistry, Physics and
prepare them to be Earth/Space Science.
informed and participative Every quarter presents the
citizens who are able to different science disciplines
make judgments and across grade levels in
decisions regarding increasing complexity. The
applications of scientific course is focused on the
 knowledge that may have development of awareness
social, health, or and understanding of
environmental impacts. The practical everyday
science curriculum problems that affect the
recognizes the place of learner’s lives and those
science and technology in around them.
everyday human affairs. It
integrates science and
technology in the civic,
personal, social, economic,
and the values and ethical
aspects of life. The science
curriculum promotes a
strong link between science
and technology, including
indigenous technology,
keeping our country’s
cultural uniqueness and
peculiarities.

Mathematics Elementary mathematics It includes key concepts

covers basic concepts and and principles of number
ideas , skills and processes sense, measurement,
on numbers and number algebra, geometry,
sense-geometry, probability and statistics as
measurement, patterns and applied, using appropriate
algebra, probability and technology, in critical
statistics as enlist, using thinking, problem solving,
appropriate technology in reasoning, communicating,
critical thinking, problem making connections,
solving, reasoning representations and
communicating, making decisions in real life.
connections,
representations and
decisions in real life.

Araling Panlipunan Ito ay isang asignatura na Ang asignaturang itoay

nagtuturo ng mga konsepto naglalayong tumalakay sa
sa pananagutang pansarili, kasaysayan ng Pilipinas
pamilya, kapwa, bansa/ gamit ang sipi ng mga piling
daigdig at Diyos; primaryang sanggunian
pananagutan para sa mula sa iba’t ibang
kabutihang panlahat upang panahon at uri at
mamuhay nang may magpamalas ng malalim na
kaayusan, katiwasayan, pang-unawa sa mga
kaunlaran tungo sa pangunahing kaisipan at
kaligayahan ng tao. mga napapanahong isyu sa
pag-aaral ng kasaysayan,
pamahalaan, kultura at
lipunan ng mga rehiyong
Asyano; kasaysayang
pandaigdig at
napapanahong isyu; at ang

Edukasyong Pantahanan Edukasyong Pantahanan at
at Pangkabuhayan (EPP)/ Pangkabuhayan develops
Technology and knowledge, skills, values
Livelihood Education and attitude in Agriculture
(TLE) Entrepreneurship and
Information Communication
Technology (ICT), Home
Economics and Industrial
Arts than can help improve
self, family and community
life considering sustainable
development.
Music, Art, Physical The Music Program
Education and Health focuses on the learner as
(MAPEH) the recipient of the
knowledge, skills, and
values necessary for artistic
expression and cultural
literacy. The curriculum
design is student-centered,
based on spiral
progression, and grounded
in performance-based
learning. Thus, the learner
is empowered, through
active involvement and
participation, to effectively
correlate music and art to
the development of his/her
own cultural identity and
expand his/her vision of the
world.
The Art Program provides
our Filipino learners with art
experiences that include
recognizing, creating,
appreciating, and critiquing
their own artistic works and
the works of others. From
Kindergarten, art instruction
begins with creative
exploration of art materials,
concepts and processes
found in the Philippines and
other countries. It continues
to develop the student’s
imagination and individual
kaisipan at napapanahong
isyu sa ekonomiks at
pambansang pag-unlad.
Edukasyong Pantahanan at
Pangkabuhayan develops
knowledge, skills, values
and attitude in Agriculture
Entrepreneurship and
Information Communication
Technology (ICT), Home
Economics and Industrial
Arts than can help improve
self, family and community
life considering sustainable
development.
This learning area covers
four (4) major components
namely: Music, Art,
Physical Education and
Health.
 Music and Art deal with
the study of man’s
aesthetic expressions
through sounds (music)
and visuals (art)
mirroring the sentiments
and ideas of society and
culture, and contributing
to the development of
individual and collective
identity. It is designed to
be student-centered,
based on spiral
progression, and
grounded in
performance-based
learning focused on
appreciation and
application where basic
fundamentals are further
reinforced. The program
design empowers the
learners to effectively
correlate Music and Art
to the study of Philippine
Culture, as influenced by
history, the culture of its
neighbors, and the
effects of globalization
and the advancement of
expression, and inquiry into  information technology.
the aesthetic qualities of his  Physical Education and
work, the work of others, Health promote the
artists of the past and development of active
present, from the and a healthy lifestyle.
Philippines and from other Physical Education
parts of the world. It focuses on five strands
culminates in seeing the namely: body
connection of art to other management,
areas of study and movements skills, games
exposure to various aret- and sports, rhythm and
related activities and dance and physical
careers. fitness.
 Each strand is
The Physical Education sequentially developed
Program is anchored on across grade levels
the tenet “Move to Learn including activities that
and Learn to Move” with are varied and age-
ultimate goal of achieving appropriate to address
lifelong fitness. It shall the needs an interest of
contribute to the learners.
development of fitness,  The Health program
health and wellness among deals with physical,
school-age students as mental, emotional,
provided in the program’s social, moral and
rich and challenging spiritual dimensions of
physical activity health that enable
experiences. It shall learners to acquire
promote the development essential knowledge,
of a participative and active attitudes and skills
body; learning to use the necessary to promote
body in moving efficiently good nutrition, prevent
and effectively in a given and control diseases,
space time, effort and substance use and
assurance of quality abuse, and reduce
movement. The desire for health-related risk
becoming a physical behaviors and injuries
educated person, thus aid with the view to
an individual in successfully maintaining and
selecting and participating improving personal,
activities appropriate at family, community,
various stages of life. national and global
health.
The Health Program from
Kindergarten to Grade 6
focuses on the physical,
mental, emotional, social,
moral and spiritual
dimensions of health and
enables the learners to
acquire essential
knowledge, attitudes, and
skills necessary to promote
good nutrition, prevent and
control diseases and
 substance use and abuse,
reduce health-related risk
behaviors to prevent and
control injuries with the
view of maintaining and
improving personal, family,
community, national and
global health.

Edukasyon sa Ang Edukasyon sa Ang Edukasyon sa

Pagpapakatao (EsP) Pagpapakatao (EsP) ay Pagpapakatao ay
asignaturang bahagi ng K naglalayong malinang at
to 12 na gagabay at mapaunlad ang kakayahan
huhubog sa mga kabataan. ng mga mag-aaral sa moral
Ang tunguhin o outcome ng na pagpapasya at paggawa
EsP ay kabataang ng mga pasyang batay sa
nagpapasya at kumikilos idinidikta ng tamang
nang mapanagutan tungo konsensya: Apat na tema
sa kabutihang panlahat. ang nalilinang sa paraang
Nangangahulugang ito na expanding spiral mula
lilinangin at paunlarin ang Kindergarten hanggang
pagkataong etikal ng Grade 10: (a)
bawat mag-aaral. Upang Pananagutang Pansarili at
maipamalas ito, kailangang Pagiging Kasapi sa
magtaglay siya ng limang Pamilya, (b)
pangunahing kakayahan Pakikipagkapwa at
(macro skills): pag-unawa, Katatagan ng Pamilya, (c)
pagninilay, pagsangguni, Paggawa tungo sa
pagpapasya at pgkilos. Pambansang Pag-unlad at
pakikibahagi sa
Pandaigdigang Pagkakaisa,
at (d) PagkamakaDiyos at
Presensya sa Kabutihan.

Ang Nilalaman at istraktura

ng Edukasyon sa
Pagpapakatao ay
nakaangkla sa dalawang
disiplina: Ethics at Career
Guidance. Ang Etika ay
ang siyensya ng ng
moralidad ng kilos ng tao.
Ang Career Guidance ay
ang paggabay sa mag-
aaral ng magpasya ng
kursong akademiko o
teknikal-bokasyonal na
tugma sa kanyang mga
talent, kakayahan at
aptitude at mga trabahong
kailangan sa ekonomiya.