ANALYSIS OF STRESSES (Assignment#1)

(Where direction of rotation of the reference system is not specified, consider it in anticlockwise sense.
Also consider anticlockwise rotation as +ve and clockwise rotation as -ve)

1. Given the following stress field in a body:

σx = 80 x 3 + y kg/cm2 , τ xy = 100(1 + y 2 ) kg/cm

2

σy = 100( x 3 + 10) kg/cm2, τ yz = 0

σz = 10(9 y 2 + 10 z 3 ) kg/cm2, τ zx = x( z 3 + 100 xy ) kg/cm

2

Find the expressions for body force distribution, necessary to satisfy the equations of
equilibrium. What are the stresses and body forces at point (1, 1, 5)?

2. The state of stress at a point is characterized by the matrix shown below. Determine T11 such
that there is at least one plane passing through the point in such a way that the resultant stress on
that plane is zero. Determine the direction cosines of the normal to that plane.

T11 2 1
[τ ij ] =  2 0 2
 1 2 0

3. The stress components at orthogonal interfaces parallel to xyz at a point are known to be

τ xx = 1000 kPa, τ xy = 200 kPa

τ yy = - 600 kPa, τ yz = - 400 kPa

τ zz = 0, τ zx = 0

Assuming that shear stresses with interchanged indices are equal, what is the normal stress in the
direction ξ such that ξ = 0.11iˆ + 0.35 ˆj + 0.93kˆ

4. Determine the principal stresses and their axes for the state of stress characterized by the
following stress matrices (units are 1000 kPa ).

18 0 24
i) [τ ij ] =  0 − 50 0 
24 0 32
  3 − 10 0 
ii) [τ ij ] 
= − 10 0 30 
 0 30 − 27

5. Let σx = - 5c, σy = c , σz = c , τ xy = - c, τ yz = τ zx = 0 ,where c = 1000 kPa . Determine the

principal stresses, stress deviators, principal axes, greatest shearing stress and octahedral stresses.

6. The state of stress characterized by τ ij is given below. Resolve the given state into a
hydrostatic state and a pure shear state. Determine the normal and the shearing stresses on an
octahedral plane. Compare these with σ oct and τ oct calculated for the hydrostatic and the pure
shear states. Are the octahedral planes for the given state, the hydrostatic state and the pure shear
state the same or are they different? Explain why?

10 4 6
[τ ij ] =  42 8
 6 8 6

7. A circular bar is pulled in tension by two forces F in a universal testing machine to produce an
aixial stress =1000 kgf/cm2 (other stresses being zero). If the axes of reference are rotated for
the point of interest so that n xx′ = 1 2 , n yx′ = n xy′ = n yz′ = n zy′ = 0 , n zx′ = - 3 2 , n xz′ = 3 2 , n zz′ = 1 2
and n yy′ = 1 , find the components of the new strain tensor.

8. The stresses at a point are σx = 80 kg /cm2 σy = - 90 kg /cm2 and τ xy = - 40 kg/cm2. If the

axes are transformed by rotating them about z-axis by 600, find the new values of σ x′ , σ y′ , τ x′y′ .

9. Using Mohr’s circle find the transformed stresses σ x′ , σ y′ and τ x′y′ if initially σx = σy = 0 and

2 0
τ xy = 100 kg/cm . Angle of rotation about z axis is 30 .

10. Given the following state of plane stress

τ xx = -1000 MPa, τ yy = 500 MPa, τ xy = 1000 MPa

What are the three tensor invariants at that point? Determine the principal stresses and their
directions?

11. The state of stress at a point is characterized by the components (in 1000 kPa )

σx =12 , σy = 4 ,σz =10 , τ xy = 3, τ yz = τ zx = 0 . Determine the principal stresses and their

directions.
12. Imagine a stress distribution where the stresses τ xx , τ yy , τ zz , τ xy , τ yz and τ zx are uniform
throughout a body. What does this imply for parallel stresses on parallel interfaces at different
points? Suppose for such a distribution we have

τ xx = 1000 kPa, τ xy = 0

τ yy = - 1000 kPa, τ yz = - 500 kPa

τ zz = 1000 kPa, τ zx = 500 kPa

What is the normal stress on the plane ABCD of the parallelopiped in the body shown in the
figure below.

Z
10 cm

20 cm

20 cm
X

13. Draw Mohr’s circle for the following in a two dimensional stress field

a. Pure shear
b. Pure biaxial tension
c. Pure uniaxial compression
d. Pure uniaxial tension

14. If the principal stresses at a point are σ and – σ, find the magnitude and direction of
maximum shear stress.

15. By using the Mohr’s circle or otherwise find the principal stresses in the following cases

a. σx = 50 kg/cm2, σy = -50 kg/cm2, τ xy = 50 kg/cm

2

b. σx = - 60 kg/cm2, σy = 40 kg/cm2, τ xy = - 80kg/cm

2

c. σx = 80 kg/cm2, σy = 20 kg/cm2, τ xy = - 40kg/cm

2

16. Find the principal stresses and their planes in a body for the stress conditions indicated
below; τ xy = + 200 N/mm2 in all the cases .

i) σx = + 360 N/mm2 , σy = + 250N/mm2

 ii) σx = - 360 N/mm2 , σy = + 250N/mm2
iii) σx = - 360 N/mm2 , σy = - 250N/mm2
iv) σx = + 360 N/mm2 , σy = - 250N/mm2

Determine the stresses on the planes inclined at + 450 and + 600 to the x-axis for all the cases.
Verify these values graphically.

17. Determine the maximum stresses in the body for the stress condition σx = + 80Nmm-2, σy = -
100N/mm-2 τ xy = - 50N/mm-2. Indicate their planes and the stresses on the planes inclined at +
300 and – 600 with the y-axis.

18. A cylindrical boiler, 180 cm in diameter is made of plates, 1.8 cm thick and is subjected to an
internal pressure of 1400 kPa. Determine the maximum shearing stress in the plate at a point and
the plane on which it acts.