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gineers Limited
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E UP
TCE.DB-C
CV-ST-001 DESIGN
N OF STR
RUCTURAL L STEEL ELEMENT
E TS
SHE
EET 5 OF 22
2
AS PER IS: 800-2007
 
increase ofo the comppressive foorce above the criticall value callls forth ev ven growingg
deflectionss and the member
m willl lose its lo
oad-carryingg capacity. It should be noted thaat
different value
v of critiical load coorresponds to different end conditions of the member.
m Foor
the axiallyy compressioon member shown in Fig F 2 havingg hinged endds, the criticcal load was
determinedd by Euler
π2
Pcr = EII min
L2
The load carrying
c cappacity of a compressio on member is also noticeably affeected by thee
local stabiility of its elements, which
w depeends on thee slendernesss ratio of the flangess,
webs or otther elemennts forming the cross section of thhe member. The slendeerness ratios
of these ellements are determinedd by the ratiio between their
t width and their th hickness (b//t
or h/t). Figg 4(e) showws the loss of
o load carrrying capaciity of an axxially loaded d column as
the resultss of a loss of local staability of itts flanges and
a web. C Compression n element is
called as slender
s wheen the widthh to thickneess ratio (b/tt or d/t) greeater than th
hat specifiedd
under Classs 3, in Tablle-2 of IS: 800.
8
Therefore the load caarrying cappacity of a compressioon element may reach due to twoo
causes:
(a) As thhe results off the stress in
i the memb
ber reachingg the yield ppoint (loss of
o strength)
(b) Owinng to the stress in thee member reaching
r itss critical vaalue (loss of
o stability)).
Thesse two causses are abssolutely diffferent in their
t naturee and shoulld never bee
confuused.
Effective leength factorr (K):
A compresssion membber will bucckle when the t load P reaches a ccritical leveel, called thee
critical loaad, Pcr. For the ideal pinned
p comp pression meember show wn in Fig 5, the criticaal
buckling looad can be calculated
c u
using the eff
ffective lenggth equal to the actual length
l of thee
compressioon member.

            
Figg 5: Both ennds Pinned Column sub bjected to compressivee force
For comprression mem mber with one end fixed and otherr end free (ccantilever tyype) (Fig 6)),
the effectivve length iss equal to 2 times the actual length as shownn in the figu
ure. i.e., thee
effective leength factorr (K) is 2.0.
ISS
SUE
R
R0
FILE NAME: F120R2.DOC FORM NO. 120R2