7(a) 80ml, 82 m 150 ml, 170 ml 200 ml, 250ml 350ml, 370ml

(b) (i) - When 100ml mineral water were taken by 2 students, first student produces 80 ml of urine and the
second student produces 82ml of urine.
. - When 400ml mineral water were taken by 2 students, first student produces 350 ml of urine and the second
student produces 370 ml of urine.
(ii)- Group A produces less urine because more water is reabsorbed from the tubule of kidney into blood
capillary due to high blood osmotic pressure
- Group D produces more urine because less water is reabsorbed from the tubule of kidney into blood capillary
due to low osmotic pressure
(c)
Variable Method to handle the variable
Manipulated variable Used different volume of plain water intake by each group of
Volume of water intake student such as 100ml, 200ml, 300ml and 400ml
Responding variable collect and measure the volume of urine produced by using a
Volume of urine produced measuring cylinder
Constant variable Fixed the time (1 hour) minutes before collecting the urine produced
time interval (before collecting urine) by each group of student
Same age student

(d) The more the volume of water intake, the more the volume of urine produced
(e) (i) H-Heading in the table are labelled with correct units
D-All data are correct P- All the students are correct
Group of Volume of distilled Volume of urine produced (ml) Average of urine
student water intake (ml) student 1 student 2 produced (ml)
A 100 80 82 81
B 200 150 170 160
C 300 200 250 225
D 400 350 370 360

(e) (ii) P-all axis with uniform scale and correct units
T-all points are transferred correctly B- bar chart ware plotted
(f) E1 -if more volume of water intake, more average volume of urine is produced
E2- because low blood osmotic pressure
E3- less water is reabsorbed from tubules of kidney into blood capillary
(g) El - volume of urine produced decreased (lesser than 81 ml)
E2 - because blood osmotic pressure is higher
E3 - more water is reabsorbed from the tubule of kidney into blood capillary.
and less volume of water is released as the form of urine.
(h) Osmoregulation is
El - a process of maintaining blood osmotic pressure of the 4 groups of student.
E2 - which can be determined by the volume of urine produced by the students
E3 - Volume of urine produced is affected by the volume of water intake:
(i)
Manipulated variable Responding variable Fixed variable
Apparatus / materials mineral water, measuring cylinder, students,
cup beaker stopwatch
7(a) 80ml, 82 m 150 ml, 170 ml 200 ml, 250ml 350ml, 370ml
(b) (i) - When 100ml mineral water were taken by 2 students, first student produces 80 ml of urine and the
second student produces 82ml of urine.
. - When 400ml mineral water were taken by 2 students, first student produces 350 ml of urine and the second
student produces 370 ml of urine.
(ii)- Group A produces less urine because more water is reabsorbed from the tubule of kidney into blood
capillary due to high blood osmotic pressure
- Group D produces more urine because less water is reabsorbed from the tubule of kidney into blood capillary
due to low osmotic pressure
(c)
Variable Method to handle the variable
Manipulated variable Used different volume of plain water intake by each group of
Volume of water intake student such as 100ml, 200ml, 300ml and 400ml
Responding variable collect and measure the volume of urine produced by using a
Volume of urine produced measuring cylinder
Constant variable Fixed the time (1 hour) minutes before collecting the urine produced
time interval (before collecting urine) by each group of student
Same age student

(d) The more the volume of water intake, the more the volume of urine produced
(e) (i) H-Heading in the table are labelled with correct units
D-All data are correct P- All the students are correct
Group of Volume of distilled Volume of urine produced (ml) Average of urine
student water intake (ml) student 1 student 2 produced (ml)
A 100 80 82 81
B 200 150 170 160
C 300 200 250 225
D 400 350 370 360

(e) (ii) P-all axis with uniform scale and correct units
T-all points are transferred correctly B- bar chart ware plotted
(f) E1 -if more volume of water intake, more average volume of urine is produced
E2- because low blood osmotic pressure
E3- less water is reabsorbed from tubules of kidney into blood capillary
(g) El - volume of urine produced decreased (lesser than 81 ml)
E2 - because blood osmotic pressure is higher
E3 - more water is reabsorbed from the tubule of kidney into blood capillary.
and less volume of water is released as the form of urine.
(h) Osmoregulation is
El - a process of maintaining blood osmotic pressure of the 4 groups of student.
E2 - which can be determined by the volume of urine produced by the students
E3 - Volume of urine produced is affected by the volume of water intake:
(i)
Manipulated variable Responding variable Fixed variable
Apparatus / materials mineral water, measuring cylinder, students,
cup beaker stopwatch