CHAPTER 1

Topology

 Physical topology
– arrangement of the cables, network devices, and end systems; it describes how the
network devices are actually interconnected with wires and cables

 Logical topology
– describes the path over which the data is transferred in a network and how the
network devices appear connected to network users
• Speed
– measure of the data rate in bits per second (b/s) of a given link in the network
Characteristic of Network

 Cost
– general expense for purchasing of network components as well as installation and maintenance
of the network

 Security
– indicates how protected the network is, including the information that is transmitted over the
network
 Availability
– refers to the likelihood that the network is available for use when it is required

 Scalability
– indicates how easily the network can accommodate more users and data transmission
requirements as they increase
 Reliability
– indicates the dependability of the components that make up the network including the routers,
switches, PCs, and servers; often measured as MTBF (mean time between failures)
ROUTER

• Connects one network to another network

• Determines the best route to the destination before forwarding traffic to the next router along the path
• Responsible for routing traffic between network
• Routing table used to determine the most efficient path to reach the destination

These interfaces are used to connect:

• LANs – Ethernet networks that contain PCs, printers, and servers

• WANs – used to connect networks over large geographical areas such as to an ISP

 A loopback interface is a logical interface internal to the router.


A routing table search results in one of three path determinations:

 Directly connected network

– If the destination IP address belongs to a network that is directly connected to the router, the
packet is forwarded out of that interface.

 Remote network
– If the destination IP address of the packet belongs to a remote network, the packet is
forwarded to another router.
 No route determined
– If the destination IP address does not belong to a connected network or is in the
CHAPTER 2

Static Routes

 Floating Static Route

 Static routes that are used to provide a backup

Used when primary route is not available

ipv6 unicast-routing enables the router to forward IPv6 packets

 Destination is specified by one of three route types:

• Next-hop static IPv6 route - Only the next-hop IPv6 address is specified
• Directly connected static IPv6 route - Only the router exit interface is specified
• Fully specified static IPv6 route - The next-hop IPv6 address and exit interface are specified

CHAPTER 3

Dynamic Routing

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is used between Internet service providers (ISPs)

 Dynamic routing is the best choice for large networks

 Route source - how the route was learned.

 Destination network – remote network.
 Outgoing Interface – exit interface used to
 forward packets to destination

A level 1 route can be a:

o Network route - a network route that has a subnet mask equal to that of the classful mask.
o Supernet route - a network address with a mask less than the classful mask, for
example, a summary address.
o Default route - a static route with the
address 0.0.0.0/0

1. What routing protocol uses cost as its metric?

a. RIP
b. EIGRP
c. OSPF
d. BGP

2. Which of these is an exterior gateway protocol (EGP)?

a. OSPF
b. BGP
c. RIP
d. EIGRP

3. Which of these routing protocol would be used between Autonomous systems (Inter-AS)?
a. OSPF
b. RIP
c. EIGRP
d. BGP

4. Which routing protocol has a default administrative distance of 110?

a. BGP
b. OSPF
c. RIP
d. EIGRP
e. Static

5. Which routing method is most trusted by a router?

a. BGP
b. IGRP
c. Static
d. RIP
e. OSPF

6. What is the process of sending routes from one routing protocol to another routing protocol?
a. Redistribution
b. Distribution
c. Filtering
d. Prepending
e. Source Routing

7. Which command tells RIP to send hellos, out an interface, to find neighbors and to advertise routes?
a. hello
b. network
c. interface
d. advertise
e. neighbor

8. You want to filter inbound routes from an OSPF neighbor. Which command do you use?
a. Distribute-list
b. Route-list
c. Prefix-list
d. Filter-list

9. In BGP, OSPF, and EIGRP, an internetwork under common administration, is called what?
a. Routing system
b. Autonomous routing
c. Routing Domain
d. Autonomous system

10. Which command do you use to prevent OSPF HELLO packets from going out a configured interface?
a. no network
b. passive
c. no advertise
d. hello-off
e. quiet

11. In OSPF, every router must have communications back to what?

a. Area zero
b. The root
c. OSPF central
d. Area one

12. Which of these routing protocols would be unavailable on a non-Cisco router?

a. OSPF
b. RIP
c. EIGRP
d. BGP

13. What type of OSPF router would connect an area that is not using OSPF?
a. BDR
b. ABR
c. BR
d. ASBR
e. OSBR

14. A router receives two identical routes from different protocols. What route is put into the routing
table?
a. The route with the most trusted AD
b. The best route
c. The OSPF route
d. Both routes

15. If RIP receives two similar routes to a network, which route is put into the routing table?
a. The route with the most trusted administrative distance
b. The most specific route
c. The RIP version 2 route
d. Both routes
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