ASSIGNMENT-1

1.Differentiate between data and information?

1. Data is the input language for a computer and information is the output language for
human.
2. Data is unprocessed facts or mere figres but information is processed data which has
been made sense
3. Data does not depend on information but information depends on data and without
it,information cannot be processed.
4. Dta is not specific but information is specific enough to generate meaning
5. Data is the raw material that is collected but information is a detailed meaning
generated from the data.

2.What are the different forms in which data can be represented?

There are three ways in which data can be represented namely bit,byte and word.

Bit- A bit is a short name for binary digits.By being binary it means that BIT can only
have two value zero and one.A character of BIT is that it can never be empty.

Byte- A byte is a colllection of group of 8 bits.A byte can store a single character which can either be an
alphabet,a number or a special character. The byte generally used to measure the storage capacities.

Word-The number ofwords that cpu possess indicates the power of the computer.it also indicats how
many numbers of bytes are present. In todays’s date most computers can handle 32 or 64 bit length.

3.What are the characteristics of the data communication?

1. Delivery: The system must deliver data to the correct destination. Data must be
received by the intended evice or user and ony by that device or user.
2. Accuracy: The system must deliver the data accurately. Dta that have been
altered I transmission and left uncorrected are unusable.
3. Timeliness: The system must deliver data in a timely manner. Data delivered
late are useless. In the case of video and audio,timely delivery means delivering
data as they are produced,in the same order that they are produced,and
without significant delay.
4. Jitter: Jitter refers to the variation in the packet arrival time.It is the uneven
delay in the delivery of audio or video packets.

4.What are the components of the data communication system?

There are five components in a data communication system they are:

1. Message : It is the information to be communicated. Example: text,picture etc.,

 2. Sender : It is a device which send the data message. Ex:computer.
3. Reciever: It is the device which recives the data messages. Ex:
Computer,workstation.
4. Transmission media: It is the physical part by which a message travels from
sender to receiver. Ex: Radio waves.
5. Protocol: It is a set of rules that governs the data communicatios.

5.Define computer network and categories?

Computer networks  is a set of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing
resources. 

Mainly there are three types of computer network:

1. LAN(Local area network) : LAN network connect the computers together over
relatively small distance.
2. WAN(Wide area network) : WAN networks connect computers together over
large physical distances, remotely connecting them over one huge network and
allowing them to communicate even when far apart. 
3. MAN(Metropolitan area network): this is a network which is larger than a LAN
but smaller than a WAN, and incorporates elements of both.

6.Explain protol in details?

Protocol is a standard used ot define a method of exchanging data over a computer network.Each
protocol has its own method of how data is formatted when sent and what to do with it once
received.the protocol is a method of exchanging data over a computer network like
LAN,Internet,intranet.

The basic type network protocols are: Tcp/ip,udp,dhcp etc.,

7.Why are protocols needed?

Protocols facilitate communication between heterogeneous pieces of hardware.

Identify the device and make connection with each other.

Data compression

Supports message acknowledement.

8.What is an internet? What is an Internet?

Internet is a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication

facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocols.
An internet is a network of networks.

9.for n devices in a network what is the number of cable links required for a mesh,ring,bus and star topology?
N(n-1)/2 cable link are required for mesh,n for ring,(n-1) cable link for bus and n cable link for star topologyg.

10.if we have two computers connected by an ethernet hub at home is this a LAN?or a WAN? Explain the reason

This is a LAN because all small sized office networks and in_house networks are LANsed

11.A colour image uses 24 bits to represent a pixels.what is the maximum number of different colours that can be
represented?

Red uses 8 bits,green uses 8 bits,blue uss 8 bits.

12.Take any colour image from the internet of some size and convert the image into jpeg,mpeg,grey scale,white
and black format and list the following properties

Size

Pixels?

JPEG

SIZE-172BVH

PIXEL-1358PIXEL
BLACK AND WHITE

SIZE-127KB

PIXEL-1358PIXEL

NAME:AMBIKA D.

USN:1SI12IS001