LESSON 1 – Media and Information Literacy
Communication – a method wherein language,
symbols, or manners are used to share information or
to state opinions or thoughts.
Two Types of Communication
 Verbal Communication – Oral and Written.
 Non – Verbal Communication – Signs, Symbols,
Gestures, Colors, Body Language, Facial
Expressions
Media – Communication tools that gives us information.
It is also the main mass communication.
Information – Knowledge or data gathered through
experience or research.
Literacy – it is continuum of learning, wherein
individuals can achieve their goals, develop their
knowledge and potential, and participate fully in their
community and wider society.
Media and Information Literacy – it evaluates the
sources, medium, and audience of messages based on
how they were created, carried, and by identifying its
listeners.
Media Literacy – The ability to read, analyze, evaluate
and produce communication in a variety of media
forms.
Technology Literacy – The ability of knowing how to use
Technology, its tools or networks to find, create,
evaluate, or use information.
Information Literacy – The ability to recognize when
information is needed and to locate, evaluate,
effectively use and communicate information in its
various formats.
LESSON 2 – Traditional Media to New Media
Pre-Historic/Pre-Industrial Age –It began, about 2.5
million years before writing was developed, with the
earliest hominids who used stone tools, which they may
have used to start fires, hunt, and bury their dead.
Industrial Age –It began around 1760 – and later in
other countries – that includes economic and social
organization changes.
Electronic Age – The invention of the transistor ushered
in the electronic age. People harnessed the power of
transistors that led to the transistor radio, electronic
circuits, and the early computers. In this age, long
distance communication became more efficient.
Information Age – Also known as the Digital Age, refers
to a period of history wherein it is described as an
economy based on the computerization of information
improved from the Industrial Revolution brought
through industrialization.
Traditional Media – The media experience is limited,
and the sense of receptors used are very specific.
According to McQuail (2015), traditional media is one
directional.
MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY REVIEWER
New Media/New Social Media – It is an interactive type
of media. The audiences are more involved and can
send feedback simultaneously and new media
integrates all those aspects of the traditional media.
Categories of New Media
• Interactive
• Interpersonal play
• Collective participation
• Information location
Functions of Communication and Media
• Inform people of what is happening around
them or in the environment
• Educate the audience about the definition and
importance of facts.
• Create and facilitate an area for the public for
discussion of opinion
• Provide exposure to political or government
organizations
• Serve as a medium to convey advocacy of
political viewpoints.
LESSON 3 – INFORMATION LITERACY
5 COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION LITERACY
1. Identify – An information literate can identify
the nature and extent of information needed.
Example: Knowing the difference between a
published court decision AND an article about
the court.
2. Find – An information literate can find the
information needed effectively and efficiently.
Example: Interviewing the right respondents for
a research paper. Searching references for a
thesis project.
3. Evaluate – An information literate can evaluate
information and its sources critically.
Example: Able to judge if a post on social media
is a hoax or not.
4. Apply – An information literate can apply
information effectively to accomplish a specific
purpose.
Example: Citing an information made by experts
to support a point during a discussion.
5. Acknowledge – An information literate can
acknowledge sources of information and the
issues surrounding information.
Example: Referencing information source in the
text of a research paper.
LESSON 4 – Types of Media
Print Media – It refers to materials that are printed
such as books, newsletter, magazines, journals, etc. that
provide information.
Broadcast Media – it is the distribution of audio or
video content to a dispersed audience via any electronic
mass communications medium.
 a. Telephone broadcasting (1881–1932): It is
considered as the earliest form of electronic
broadcasting. This began with Theatre Phone
systems or “Théâtrophone” that was made by
Clément Ader, a French inventor, in 1881.
Theatre Phone allows people to listen to live
opera and theatre performance over the
telephone. In 1890s, telephone newspaper
services were introduced that broadcasts news
and entertainment programs over the
telephone.
b. Radio Broadcasting – started experimentally in
1906, and commercially in 1920. These refers to
sounds signals that are transported from a
transmitter through the air as radio waves,
collected by an antenna and transmitted to a
receiver.
c. Television broadcasting or Telecast – It started
experimentally in 1925, commercially in the
1930s. Television broadcasting is an extension
of radio broadcasting, including not only sound
signals, but also including video signal.
d. Cable radio – it mainly serve as media to
transmit radio or television stations
programming via coaxial cable, and then
escalating into a wide-range universe of
different cable-originated channels.
e. Direct Broadcasting Satellite – It started
commercially in 1974 and Satellite Radio started
commercially in 1990 provides a combination of
television broadcasting and traditional radio
that has a dedicated satellite radio
programming. Meant for direct-to-home
program broadcasting.
f. Webcasting of Television or Video – started
commercially in 1993 and Webcasting of
audio/radio that started commercially in 1994
streams radio and television station
programming through Internet.
New Media – New media refers to the content that
is accessed on Internet that is easily accessed on
any digital device
LESSON 5 – Media and Information Sources
Indigenous Media – refers to the unusual source of
information that is delivered through people media
or through indigenous media.
Example of Indigenous Media
• Northern Dispatch Weekly (NORDIS)
Philippines – a newspaper and an online
news website (nordis.det) covering the
three regions of Northern Luzon (Ilocos,
Cordillera, and Cagayan Valley).
• Zigzag Weekly – a weekly newspaper that is
created by and for the people of Baguio
City. Like the NORDIS, they also run an
online news website – zigzagweekly.net.
• Northern Philippine Times – a weekly
publication of opinion and news from the
Cordillera, Ilocos Region, Cagayan Valley,
and Central Luzon.
MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY REVIEWER
Library – A place wherein literary, musical, artistic, or
reference books or materials are found and used by
various people but are not for sale.
Example:
• Books – these are used in looking for a great
deal of information about a topic. “Stacks” refer
to collections of books that are organized and
stored by libraries.
• Academic Journals – Mostly used by students
for research, academic journals refer to a group
of articles – reviewed by an editorial board –
typically written experts or scholars in a
professional or academic field that covers
precise topics about a various field.
• Encyclopedia – are collections of various facts
usually written by different contributors who
are knowledgeable about that topic.
• Library Catalog – It refers to organized
collection of records of the items found in a
library, usually can be searched on the library’s
home page.
Mass Media – reaches a large audience through
written, spoken, or broadcast communication.
• Magazines – cover a large variety of articles and
images of up-to-date information or opinion
about a topic, event, or popular culture.
• Newspaper – Newspapers collect and edit
reports or articles about current events for
information, or entertainment purposes that is
usually published daily.
• Radio – These refers to sending sounds signals
from a transmitter through the air as radio
waves, collected by an antenna and transmitted
to a receiver.
• Television – like the Radio, Television sends
information and messages through the air, but
instead of just sounds, television also sends
visual images through channels for information,
education, or entertainment purposes.
• Internet – composed of millions of networks
that are connected by networking technologies.
Nowadays, people rely the most on internet for
information.