Republic of the Philippines

Tarlac State University

College of Engineering and Technology
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Tarlac City, Tarlac

PLANE GEOMETRY
MODULE 6

POLYGONS 3. Inscribed angles subtended by the diameter of a

circle are right angles.
 Classification of Polygons

Name Sides
Triangle 3
Quadrilateral 4
Pentagon 5
Hexagon 6
Heptagon 7 4. Chord Theorem
Octagon 8
Nonagon 9
Decagon 10
Undecagon 11 AP ( PB )=CP (PD )
Dodecagon 12
Hectagon 100
Megagon 1,000,000 5. Secant Theorem
Googolgon 10100
n-gon n

PC ( PD )=PA( PB)
 Sum of Interior Angles

∑ θ=( n−2)×180 °
6. Secant Tangent Theorem
 Sum of Exterior Angles

∑ β =360°
PT 2=PA (PB)
 Number of Diagonals

n
D= (n−3)
2 7. Through three points not in a straight line, only
one circle can be drawn.
E6-1 If a regular polygon has 27 diagonals, then it is a _______ 8. A tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the
radius at the point of tangency.
E6-2 The exterior angle of a regular polygon is 140° lesser than
9. A perpendicular from a point on the
its interior angle. Name the polygon.
circumference to a diameter of a circle is a mean
E6-3 The sum of the interior angles of a proportional between the segment of the
trihectakaiicosaheptagon diameter.
 Area of a Circle
CIRCLE

 General Theorems
Area=π r 2
1. If a central angle and a peripheral angle are  Sector of a Circle
subtended by the same arc, then the central
angle is twice as large as the peripheral angle. π r2 θ
Area=
360°
 Segment of a Circle

Area=Area of Sector− Area of Triangle

2. Inscribed angles subtend the same arc are equal. S=rθ

E6-4 A reverse curve on a railroad track consists of two circular
arcs. The central angle of one is 20° with radius of 2500ft
and the central angle of the other is 25° with radius of
3000ft. Find the total length of the two arcs.

E6-5 A goat is tied at a corner of a 5m by 7m shed with an 8m

rope. Find the ground area the cow can graze.
QUADRILATERALS E6-8 In the figure shown:

 Square

Area=a2
 Rectangle

Area=ab
 Parallelogram

Given base and altitude: Area=bh PC=25cm, CD=13cm, AB=18cm, Angle DPB=21°
Given two diagonals and their included angle: Determine:
1
Area= d 1 d 2 sin θ a. The length of PB
2 b. Area of the quadrilateral ACDB
Given two sides and included angle: Area=ab sin θ c. Radius of the circumscribing circle
d. Does the Quadrilateral formed has an in-circle?
 Rhombus
e. What are the measurements of arcs CA and DB?
Given base and altitude: Area=bh PTOLEMY’S THEOREM
1
Given two diagonals and their included angle: Area= d 1 d 2 “For any cyclic quadrilateral, the product of the diagonals equals the
2
2 sum of the products of the opposite sides.”
Given two sides and included angle: Area=a sin θ
d 1 d 2=ac +bd

 Trapezoid E6-9 A quadrilateral of sides a, b, c, d is inscribed in a circle. a

and c are opposite sides, so as b and d. Knowing that
1 a=2.8, b=6.7, c=5.3, and ‘d’ is the diameter of the circle,
Area= d 1 d 2 solve for the following:
2
a. The value of d
 General Quadrilateral
b. The area of the quadrilateral
Given two diagonals and their included angle:
REGULAR POLYGON
1
Area= d 1 d 2 sin θ
2  Regular Polygon inscribed in a Circle
Given four sides and sum of two opposite angles:
1 360 °
Area=√ ( s−a )( s−b ) ( s−c ) ( s−d ) −abcd cos2 θ
a+ b+c +d A+C
Area= n R 2 sin
2 n ( )
s= ; θ=
2 2  Regular Polygon circumscribing a Circle
Given four sides and two opposite angles A and C:
1 1
Area= ab sin A + cd sin D
2 2
Area=n r 2 tan ( 180n ° )
 Cyclic Quadrilateral E6-10 A regular octagon is inscribed in a circle of radius 10. Find
the area of the octagon.
Area=√ ( s−a )( s−b ) ( s−c ) ( s−d) E6-11 Find the area of a pentagram inscribed in a circle of radius
 Circle circumscribing a Quadrilateral 5

E6-12 Find the area of a hexagram inscribed in a circle of radius 5

(ab+cd )(ac +bd )(ad+ bc)
R= √
4A
Where: A=√ ( s−a )( s−b ) ( s−c ) (s−d)
 Circle inscribed in a Quadrilateral

A
r=
s
a+ b+c +d
Where: A=√ abcd ; s=
2
E6-6 In the parallelogram ABCD, angle A=5x+2 while angle
C=6x+4. What is the value of A?

E6-7 A fence 548m long surrounds a rectangular field. If the

diagonal distance between corners of the field is 194m,
what is the area of the field?