GUN POWDER EMPIRES STUDY GUIDE

TEST #2

ISLAM- people, one god

MUSLIM- religion
KORAN- religious book of texts and legal law
MOHAMMED- god’s (Allah’s) messenger
5 PILLARS- 1) faith- no god but Allah and muh. Is his messanger
2) prayer- 5 times a day facing Mecca
3) almsgiving- 2.5% of your earnings
4) fasting- during the month of rammadam from sun up to sun down
5) hajj- trip to mecca once during lifetime
SUNNI- 90% of muslims
SHI’ITE- 10% of muslims
SHARI’A- laws

SELJUK TURKS- taken over by the ottomans

OSMAN- founded ottoman turks in 1500’s

OTTOMAN TURKS- peaked under suliman the magnificent, declined because empire
was big and communication became difficult, gov’t became corrupt (wanting more power
and not modernizing), independent provinces began to revolt, sunni’s and Shiites split.
Importance- sparked the age of discovery because they disrupted trade routes to asia,
ended the middle ages.
BYZANTINE EMPIRE- srunk

BEY- governor for each province

JANISSARIES- army
GRAND VIZIER- chief minister head of the bureaucracy
DEVSHIRME SYSTEM- like the FCAT a test to see how everyone is doing
“GUN POWDER EMPIRIES”- all empires are in Islam and get gunpowder from
Europe.

SULEYMAN THE MAGNIFICANT- ottoman turks reached their “golden age” under
him

BATTLE OF LEPANTO- blocked out western expansion off the coast of Greece in 1571
SULTAN-

IMPERIAL COUNCIL-

HAREM/ CONCUBINES-

SAFAVID DYNASTY- founded by Shah Ismail in 1499. Helped the Shiites. Layed the
foundation for modern iran
PERSIA/IRAN-

SHAH ISMAL- founded safavid dynasty in 1499

“RED HEADS”- most militant Shiites
“SHAH ABBAS THE GREAT”- (“Iranian Suleiman”) 1587 “golden age” in the safavid
empire. Converted Christians to Islam. Built capital- isfahan.
MUGHALS=
BABUR-layed foundation. Unified bottom and upper class
AKBAR- “carrot and stick” leadership technique. Carrot- increase performance
by bribe. Stick- punishment for bad performance. Tolerated multiple religions. Trade and
manufacturing “took off”
DIVINE FAITH-

SHAH JAHAN- built taj mahal 1628. Ruled during the drought and famine which
caused the beginning of the decline
AURANGZEB- 1658 very strict, outlawed hindu traditions which the majority of
the people practiced which made no one like him. Outlawed alcohol, gambling, and
prostitution because of Koran, raised tax on non-muslims.
FORT WILLIAM-

ROBERT CLIVE- british sent him for the battle of Plessey

BLACK HOLE OF CALCUTTA- opened the door to India for british.

BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY- continued the policy of divide and conquer started
by the british

BATTLE OF PLESEY- started british control in India in 1757. Robert clive was sent for
it by the british