CALDWELL ADVENTIST ACADEMY

R.T. LIM BOULEVARD, ZAMBOANGA CITY

“The School for Future Leaders”

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Name: Date:
Year & Section: Module No. 1
Topic: EXPERIMENTAL AND NON-EXPERIMENTAL Lesson No. 4
RESEARCH
Reference:
IFL:

AFTER THIS LESSON, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

1. ILLUSTRATE THE IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

1.1 INCREASE THE VOCABULARY BY GIVING THE MEANINGS,

LEARNING
CHARACTERISTCIS, AND EXAMPLES OF TERMS USED TO EXPLAIN SOME
OBJECTIVES
CONCEPTS ABOUT EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
1.2 OBTAIN A THOROUGH OR AN IN-DEPTH UNDERSTANDING OF
EXEPRIMENTAL RESEARCH
1.3 FAMILIARIZE YOURSELF WITH THE NATURE OF NON-EXPERIMENTAL
RESEARCH
1.4 TRACE THE DEVELOPMENT OF SURVEY RESEARCH

Name some famous and great inventions you have known since birth. What makes
you say they are great? How do you think did the inventors come to discover the value or
greatness of their creations?

LINKING STATEMENT

Could the following selection give you the answers to your questions about the inventors? Read
the text to discover answers to your questions

CONCEPT NOTES
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
Definition of Experimental Research Experimental
Research is a quantitative research that treats or deals with the object or subject of the research in a definite or exact
manner and determines the extent of the effects or influence of the treatment on the object/subject, then discovers the causes
of such effects. Two groups are involved in any experimental research: the experimental group, the one on which the
treatment or influence is applied, and the control group, which does not receive any treatment. The objects or subjects
involved in these types research is chosen randomly or selected by chance, rather than by the decision of the researcher.
Classification
Experimental research is categorized into two: true experimental research and quasi-experimental research. Based
on where the experimental research is done, it is either laboratory research or field research. Your manner of selecting the
participants indicates whether it is true experimental or quasi-experimental. The true experimental research absolutely uses
random selection in determining who among the participants should compose the experimental group or the control group.

The quasi-experimental research adopts a comparative technique in choosing the subjects. The experimental group
on which the treatment or condition is applied is not chosen randomly but matched or compared with another group whom
you, the researcher, believe as having the same characteristics as the experimental group under treatment. Employing
researcher’s influence in sampling or subject selection, quasi-experimental research fails to qualify as a genuine experimental
research. Hence, discoveries or findings resulting from this kind of experimental research are susceptible to doubts.
 QUASI EXPERIMENTAL
Usually, participants chosen in a quasi-experimental research are those forming a class that remains as one group incapable
of disintegration. The not randomly chosen participants are subjected to any of these types of quasi-experimental research
(Muijs 2011):
1. matched comparison – choosing a treatment group and another group that has similarities with the treatment group
2. time-series quasi-experimental research – giving them series of pre-tests and post-tests
3. single-subject quasi-experimental research – controls treatment and condition applied to just one individual or a
group
NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
Definition of Non-Experimental Research
Non-Experimental research is a way of finding out truths about a subject by describing the collected data
about such subject and determining their relationships or connections with one another. Any treatment or condition is not
involved in this type of research. But there is a measuring of variables here; hence, once you do a non-experimental
research, you deal with both qualitative and quantitative data. Your desire to discover people’s thoughts, views, feelings
and attitudes about a certain societal issue, object, place, or event causes you to use non-experimental research.
DEFINITION OF SURVEY RESEARCH
Survey research is a method of research that aims at knowing what a big number of people think and feel
about some sociological issues. The data it collects from these people serving as “representatives or informants” explain
or describe the society’s thoughts, attitudes and feelings towards environmental issues. Although survey research is a very
old research technique that began in the period of the ancient Egyptian rulers, many still consider this as a very popular
means of social inquiry.
PURPOSE OF SURVEY RESEARCH
1. To obtain information about people’s opinions and feelings about an issue.
2. To identify present condition, needs, or problems of people in a short span of time.
3. To seek answers to social problems.
4. To give school officials pointers on curricular offerings, guidance and counselling services,
teacher evaluation, and so on.

PLANNING A SURVEY RESEARCH

The research design of a survey research is similar to that of the experimental research, only, that when it comes
to data collection method and instrument, survey research goes through the following phases:
1. Explanation of objectives clearly
2. Formulation of research questions or hypotheses to predict relationships of variables
3. Determination of the exact kind of data referred to by the hypotheses or research questions
4. Assurance of the population or group of people to which the findings will be applied to
5. Finalization of the sampling method for selecting the participants
6. Identification of the method or instrument in collecting data; that is, whether it is questionnaire on paper,
through phone, via computer, or face-to-face.

CHECKING FOR
UNDERSTANDING

1. Which is better between the two types of experimental research? Justify your choice.
2. How do you know when one is doing a true experimental or a quasi-experimental research?
3. Do you know somebody who has already done an experimental research? Describe this
person including how he/she carried out his/her research work.

GUIDE QUESTION
INSTRUCTION: Answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Explain the difference between experimental and non- experimental research?
 2. What is survey question?
3. Why is there a need of a survey?
4. What is quasi-experimental?

COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITY:

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
Directions: GROUP WORK. In a group of three, graphically present the major and minor
classifications of experimental research.

NON-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
Directions: GROUP WORK. Form a group of five. Pretend you are guest speakers in a research
conference. Take turns in discussing about one topic on non-experimental research.

PROCESS QUESTIONS

1. How did you feel doing this activity?

2. What made this a good activity?
3. What conclusion can be derived about experimental and non-experimental research?
4. What did you learn today that you will be able to use in school/ home?

INDIVIDAUL TASK

INSTRUCTIONS: write your answers on a separate sheet. Explain your understanding about the text by
answering the following questions on the given lines.
1. Compare and contrast the two basic types of experimental research.
2. Why is an experimental research also called a scientific method?
3. What is the primary factor in determining whether a research is true experimental or quasi-
experimental?
4. What are the implications of declaring what is true by means of a quasi-experimental research?