7.

WORKSHOP BUSINESS
1. Look up the following technical words in the dictionary, then make sentences in simple
present tense (4), present progressive (4) and simple past tense (4) using the bold words.
Account : Cuenta accrued: devengado amount: importe/ monto bank deposit: deposito bancario
break-even point: punto de equilibrio cash bonus: bono en efectivo cash flow: movimiento de
efectivo check list: lista de verificación tax: impuesto common equity: capital común
fee: honorarios consolidated balance sheet : balance consolidado corporate name: nombre
corporativo due: debido date : fecha statements: declaraciones overdraft: sobregiro
duty-free : libre de impuestos customer service: servicio al cliente crew: equipo
stages of journey: etapas del viaje meeting point: punto de reunion cutback: recortar
Revenue: ingresos públicos resign: renunciar chairperson: presidente budget: presupuesto
application: postulación income: ingresos
1.________________________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________________________________
6. _______________________________________________________________________________
7. _______________________________________________________________________________
8. _______________________________________________________________________________
9. _______________________________________________________________________________
10. ______________________________________________________________________________
11. ______________________________________________________________________________
12. ______________________________________________________________________________
2. Complete the sentences with the words from the list. There are four extra words:
Appointment assembly bill diary efficient lower plant
purchasing raise salary sign target turnover wholesaler
1. The company’s turnover last year was 2 billion.
2. I have to fix a purchasing with an important client.
3. Please sign your name in the visitors’ book.
4. A target manager buys all the things that the company needs.
5. One of the robots on the plant line has stopped working.
6. A wholesaler stores products in a warehouse.
7. You write down your appointments in a diary.
8. At a hotel, you get a bill when you leave.
9. A efficient person does not waste time at work.
10. Our products are too expensive. We must lower the prices.
4. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.

Industry donations finances charity volunteer stock exchange shares

incorporation bankruptcy capital fund-raising shareholder annual report profit

1. At Christmas many people give donations to help needy children.

2. During the financial crisis, even some large corporations declared bankruptcy.
3. It is good to work as a volunteer; it really shows your support for a cause since it’s not actually a job, and
you’re not making money.
4. I should have bought shares in Samsung when it was just starting. Now, it is a huge conglomerate, and it’s
incorporation are profiting handsomely.
5. The Wall Street stock exchange is the most powerful trading site in the world.
6. The first year of a new business usually doesn’t yield much capital with so much start up overhead.
7. This year’s annual report shows an increase in production from last year.
8. If a CEO cannot manage company finances well, the company is likely to fail.
9. Fund-raising is an essential part of the Red Cross since it depends on charitable donations.
10. The auto industry slowed production after the recession in 2008.
11. I often give money to a charity like Salvation Army or Red Cross.
12. To keep a business running, companies must have plenty of shareholder.
13. Profit with limited liability is a privilege.

3. Match the column A according to the meaning of the column B:

A B
5. Read carefully the following text and then sum up each paragraph with a sentence.
Building intercultural bridges for reaching business agreements

Discussions between companies from different countries often break down because of a lack of cultural
understanding. Training in Intercultural awareness, as well as languages, is the key to bridging the
communication gap, writes Samantha Cole.

More and more companies are increasing their language training budgets to equip staff for global
business. But language alone isn’t always enough. According to Neil Calder, communications consultant,
language training is only half the story. “Companies from different countries can usually deal with cultural
differences. That’s where intercultural training comes in.”

According to Calder, the differences between northern and southern European countries are well
documented. Executives from Germany who want to do business in Italy or Spain need to understand the
ground rules. Meetings are rarely used to solve problems and reach agreement in these countries. Instead,
meetings are used to spread information about decisions which have already been made.

Similarly, business people need to understand the cultural systems of respect and deference when they
meet up with Asian counterparts. For example, senior executives from Japan will only discuss business with
people from the same management level. The message for companies here is, don’t send anybody but senior
people to meeting with Japanese counterparts.

Calder has turned his attention recently to central and Eastern Europe (CEE). So what has he found
out?

“There are as many business cultures in CEE as there are countries, but we can make a few
generalizations. For one thing, you can expect to discuss la proposal at a meeting right through to the agreement
stage. But, in the end, verbal agreements are not taken seriously in the region: your business partners will want
to see something in writing outlining the agreement in the days after the meeting.”

So how does Calder see the future of intercultural awareness in business?

“Companies are still investing more money in improving foreign language skills. I want to see a situation
where investment in intercultural awareness is on the same level as language training. Only then will companies
be able to send out well-rounded executives capable of building business bridges in the global environment.

5.1 Sum up each paragraph with a sentence.

Paragraph 1. ____________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2. ____________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 3. ____________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 4. ____________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 5. ____________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 6. ____________________________________________________________________________

Technical vocabulary

affiliate company la filial

assortment el surtido

auction la subasta

auditing la auditoría

balance el saldo

bank el banco

bankruptcy la quiebra

business el negocio

capital el capital

client el cliente

company la empresa

competition la competencia

consumer el consumidor

consumption el consumo

credit el crédito

customs la aduana

debt la deuda

demand la demanda
Technical vocabulary

economy la economía

expenses los gastos

exporter el exportador

fair la feria

finances las finanzas

foreign exchange la divisa

goods los bienes

importer el importador

income el ingreso

industry la industria

insurance el seguro

interest el interés

invoice la factura

market el mercado

merchandise la mercancía

money el dinero

order el pedido

price el precio

profit el lucro
Technical vocabulary

resources los recursos

share la acción

shareholder el/la accionista

shop, store la tienda

stock exchange la bolsa

stock market el índice bursátil

index

supply la oferta

surplus el superávit

tax el impuesto

trade el comercio

transaction la transacción

unemployment el desempleo
Crossword.
Vertical.

1. A usually public sale of goods or services, where people make higher and higher bids
(offers of money).
3. Something that is owed to someone else.
5. An ________ is the cost of operations that a company incurs to generate revenue.
7. Money that is earned from doing work or received from investments.
9. An arrangement by which a company or the state undertakes to provide a guarantee of
compensation for specified loss, damage, illness, or death.
11. A useful or valuable possession or quality of a country, organization, or person.
13.An amount of) money paid to the government that is based on your income or
the cost of goods or services you have bought.
15. To provide something that is wanted or needed, often in large quantities and over a long
period of time.

Horizontal.

2. A situation in which a business or a person becomes bankrupt.

4. __________ is an economic principle referring to a consumer's desire to purchase goods
and services and willingness to pay a price for a specific good or service.
6. The management of large amounts of money, especially by governments or large
companies.
8.The companies and activities involved in the process of
producing goods for sale, especially in a factory or special area.
10. The amount of money for which something is sold.
12. One of the equal parts into which a company's capital is divided, entitling the holder to a
proportion of the profits.
14.The activity of buying and selling,or exchanging, goods and/or services between people or 
countries.